Abstract: A method for operating a cooling system of a transformer, wherein the transformer is cooled via a cooling liquid that circulates in the cooling system that includes a heat-exchanger, devices for increasing heat exchange performance of the at heat-exchanger and a controller, where in a normal operating state, the controller adjusts power of the devices for increasing the heat exchange performance as a function of a measured upper temperature and where, irrespective of the measured upper temperature, the controller refrains from activating the devices and/or operates the devices at a reduced power relative to the normal operating state if the lower temperature of the cooling liquid lies below a lower threshold value during operation of the transformer to achieve improved characteristics of the cooling system during operation under low environmental temperatures of the transformer, particularly in the case of a turn-on operation following lengthy storage in a cold state.

Abstract: Arrangement and method for securely executing an automation program in a cloud computing environment, wherein the automation program is installed on computer hardware in a public IT infrastructure, and wherein the computer hardware is connected via a data connection to a cloud server, where the connection and a dedicated runtime environment of the computer hardware are configured such that the automation program is transferrable onto the computer hardware and its execution can be monitored via the server and data connection, such that the automation program and sensitive information, i.e.

Abstract: Automated skill matching is provided in industrial control. The interfaces (12, 17) and/or the production processes (13, 18) of the controller (16) and machine (11) are matched. The matching of the interfaces (12, 17) links parameters except for optional parameters to check for incompatibility. The matching of the production processes (13, 18) uses a cross-product of the process (13) of the machine (11) with the process (18) of the controller (16) to check for incompatibility. The skill checking guides manual confirmation of compatibility, reducing downtime and reducing engineering or programming time. The machine (11) is more likely to operate correctly with the controller (16) due to the automated skill matching.

Abstract: A method and edge device for controlling data exchange of an industrial edge device with an industrial automation arrangement and a data cloud, wherein the edge device includes a first communication connection to the industrial automation arrangement and a second communication connection to a network of the data cloud, where the edge device includes applications exchanging data, and where the edge device includes a control device to control the data to be exchanged, wherein whether data exchange of an application is controlled via the first communication connection and the data exchange is implemented directly via the second communication connection or vice versa is defined for each application, where a data flow control device ensures simultaneous direct data exchange by an application via both communication connections does not occur, such that rigorous checking of applications or containers within the applications with respect to data security is not required.

Abstract: A method and a system for providing security information about an application container for an Industrial Edge device, wherein the application container displays an application, runtime libraries and parts of an execution environment, where first information is obtained from the application or source code, second information is obtained from the application program or source code of the application, where confidentiality classes and processing classes are ascertained, and where the security information is formed by linking arising confidentiality classes to arising processing classes and the security information is associated with the application container such that specific and reliable security information about the application container or applications is generated and the security information is provided to a user or an installation system via association of the security information with the application container or the application to make information about the specific security problems or properties ava

Abstract: A control layer automation device comprises a processor, one or more control layer applications, a database, a wireless interface, a device memory. Each control layer application is configured to perform a discrete set of automation functions. The database comprises a plurality of operator device identifiers and the wireless interface allows the one or more control layer applications to communicate with a plurality of operator devices via the plurality of operator device identifiers. The device memory comprises the one or more control layer applications. The control layer application manager is configured to manage execution of the one or more control layer applications on the processor.

Abstract: A method and edge device for controlling data exchange of an industrial edge device with an industrial automation arrangement and a data cloud, wherein the edge device includes a first communication connection to the industrial automation arrangement and a second communication connection to a network of the data cloud, where the edge device includes applications exchanging data, and where the edge device includes a control device to control the data to be exchanged, wherein whether data exchange of an application is controlled via the first communication connection and the data exchange is implemented directly via the second communication connection or vice versa is defined for each application, where a data flow control device ensures simultaneous direct data exchange by an application via both communication connections does not occur, such that rigorous checking of applications or containers within the applications with respect to data security is not required.

Abstract: Arrangement and method for securely executing an automation program in a cloud computing environment, wherein the automation program is installed on computer hardware in a public IT infrastructure, and wherein the computer hardware is connected via a data connection to a cloud server, where the connection and a dedicated runtime environment of the computer hardware are configured such that the automation program is transferrable onto the computer hardware and its execution can be monitored via the server and data connection, such that the automation program and sensitive information, i.e.

Abstract: Automated skill matching is provided in industrial control. The interfaces (12, 17) and/or the production processes (13, 18) of the controller (16) and machine (11) are matched. The matching of the interfaces (12, 17) links parameters except for optional parameters to check for incompatibility. The matching of the production processes (13, 18) uses a cross-product of the process (13) of the machine (11) with the process (18) of the controller (16) to check for incompatibility. The skill checking guides manual confirmation of compatibility, reducing downtime and reducing engineering or programming time. The machine (11) is more likely to operate correctly with the controller (16) due to the automated skill matching.

Abstract: A method for operating a cooling system of a transformer, wherein the transformer is cooled via a cooling liquid that circulates in the cooling system that includes a heat-exchanger, devices for increasing heat exchange performance of the at heat-exchanger and a controller, where in a normal operating state, the controller adjusts power of the devices for increasing the heat exchange performance as a function of a measured upper temperature and where, irrespective of the measured upper temperature, the controller refrains from activating the devices and/or operates the devices at a reduced power relative to the normal operating state if the lower temperature of the cooling liquid lies below a lower threshold value during operation of the transformer to achieve improved characteristics of the cooling system during operation under low environmental temperatures of the transformer, particularly in the case of a turn-on operation following lengthy storage in a cold state.

Abstract: A method and a system for providing security information about an application container for an Industrial Edge device, wherein the application container displays an application, runtime libraries and parts of an execution environment, where first information is obtained from the application or source code, second information is obtained from the application program or source code of the application, where confidentiality classes and processing classes are ascertained, and where the security information is formed by linking arising confidentiality classes to arising processing classes and the security information is associated with the application container such that specific and reliable security information about the application container or applications is generated and the security information is provided to a user or an installation system via association of the security information with the application container or the application to make information about the specific security problems or properties ava

Abstract: A method for operating a cyclically operating automation controller, the method being executed within a cycle time of the automation controller, wherein input data is read from input peripherals (1st Step), the input data is stored in a process image memory for inputs, a user program is launched (3rd Step), a plurality of program instructions generating output data based on the input data stored in the process image memory for inputs, the output data is stored in a process image memory for outputs after execution of the last program instruction, the output data from the process image memory for outputs is written to output peripherals, where data backup of remanent data is performed within a time window which opens upon completion of the 3rd step and recloses upon commencement of the 1st step.

Abstract: A control layer automation device comprises a processor, one or more control layer applications, a database, a wireless interface, a device memory. Each control layer application is configured to perform a discrete set of automation functions. The database comprises a plurality of operator device identifiers and the wireless interface allows the one or more control layer applications to communicate with a plurality of operator devices via the plurality of operator device identifiers. The device memory comprises the one or more control layer applications. The control layer application manager is configured to manage execution of the one or more control layer applications on the processor.

Abstract: In an industrial automation system comprising a plurality of industrial control devices connected to an industrial communication network, control and/or supervision functions of the industrial automation system are provided by services implemented by computer-based objects in industrial control devices. A computer-based object is assigned a first qualifier enabling the computer-based object to be accessed and/or modified during configuration of the respective service and/or a second qualifier enabling the computer-based object to be accessed and/or modified during runtime of the respective service. Upon a request for access to a computer-based object by a service consumer, the service consumer's operational state is determined. Depending on a set first and/or second qualifier of a computer-based object and depending on a determined operational state of a service consumer, access to the computer-based object is granted to the service consumer.

Abstract: In an industrial automation system comprising a plurality of industrial control devices connected to an industrial communication network, control and/or supervision functions of the industrial automation system are provided by services implemented by computer-based objects in industrial control devices. A computer-based object is assigned a first qualifier enabling the computer-based object to be accessed and/or modified during configuration of the respective service and/or a second qualifier enabling the computer-based object to be accessed and/or modified during runtime of the respective service. Upon a request for access to a computer-based object by a service consumer, the service consumer's operational state is determined. Depending on a set first and/or second qualifier of a computer-based object and depending on a determined operational state of a service consumer, access to the computer-based object is granted to the service consumer.

Abstract: An air spring device characterized in that a cover encloses a pot-shaped basic component and a separate connecting component with a first connecting region for one end of a bellows. The basic component and the connecting component are in direct contact with one another. In a region of the cover there is also provided, as a separate component, a holder for a protective collar. The holder is in direct contact with the connecting component. A common tightening ring, the two ends of which are fastened to each other by a connection, hold together, from the outside and in sealing manner, the basic component, the connecting component, and the protective collar holder.

Abstract: An air spring device characterized in that a cover encloses a pot-shaped basic component and a separate connecting component with a first connecting region for one end of a bellows. The basic component and the connecting component are in direct contact with one another. In a region of the cover there is also provided, as a separate component, a holder for a protective collar. The holder is in direct contact with the connecting component. A common tightening ring, the two ends of which are fastened to each other by a connection, hold together, from the outside and in sealing manner, the basic component, the connecting component, and the protective collar holder.

Abstract: Known shock-absorbing elements are provided with overflow throttles equipped with sealing disks. These overflow throttles have different opening characteristics for the two directions which cannot be changed. The aim of the invention is therefore to provide a novel overflow throttle that can be freely selected and changed. To this end, the overflow throttle consists of a first (13) and a second overflow throttle (13) that are spatially separate and that are allocated to respective pressure chambers (10, 11). Both overflow throttles are provided with sealing disks (23) and are oriented opposite to the sense of the direction of flow. Every overflow throttle (13) is linked with the other pressure chamber (10, 11) via at least one through bore (35) that evades the opposite overflow throttle (13).

Abstract: Conventional gas spring damper units generally develop a lot of noise, which, in the first case, may be traced back to a lack of insulation in the upper support bearing. According to the invention, the upper support bearing (16) should thus be fitted with an additional pressure equalisation chamber (30) on the side of the rubber element (18), facing away from the spring chamber (12), which is connected to the spring chamber (12), by means of a pressure equalisation channel.

Abstract: Gas spring damper units have flow limiting valves, which are either constant flow drillings or spring loaded non-return valves. Said solutions either do not permit a damping behavior which is dependent upon the direction of displacement or are too complicated and expensive. According to the Invention, the flow limiting valves (15) thus each have a different flow resistance depending upon the direction of flow and the flow resistance of each flow limiting valve (15) is set in at least one direction such that the critical Reynolds number for the transition from laminar flow to turbulent flow lies within the pressure difference across the flow limiting valve (15) as determined by the possible piston speeds.