Abstract: In a method for treating textile goods in rope form in a closed treatment tank, the textile goods are joined at the ends to form an endless rope. By means of a gaseous stream of feeder medium, made to act on the rope via feed nozzle means, a rotational motion inside the treatment tank is imparted to the rope. The rope emerging from the feed nozzle means is lapped, on entering a J-box located in the treatment tank, by the feed nozzle means itself, which execute a reciprocating motion.

Abstract: The invention relates to a virtual audio bandwidth extender, and more particularly a device for increasing the perceived bandwidth of audio signals in equipment having limited bandwidth, especially in mobile telephones. The invention also relates to a communication apparatus comprising such a device. The invention provides a device for increasing the perceived bandwidth in an audio signal path with limited bandwidth, comprising: an input terminal (1) for connecting an audio signal, and an output terminal (2) for connecting a speaker unit for generating an acoustic signal. According to the invention the device comprises a splitter (3) dividing the audio path into two branches, a first branch (4) for passing a part of the audio signal substantially without processing, and a second branch (5) for processing a part of the audio signal. The second branch comprises means for producing harmonics (7, 8, 9) of the audio signal.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of treating tobacco fine cut in which the cut tobacco is preheating and moistening is moistened to a moisture content of a maximum of 18 to 18.5%, after which it is supplied without any further drying to a screening and cooling step resulting in a moisture content of a maximum of 17-17.5%.

Abstract: A microphone circuit with low distortion and having the capability of an electronic volume control. The circuit includes a capacitor microphone cap provided with a field effect transistor at the output end and a capacitor connected to the output end of the microphone cap. A resistance for supplying a driver voltage to the microphone circuit is connected to a connecting point between the microphone cap and the capacitor. Preferably a transistor adapted to generate a driver voltage for the microphone circuit or an electronic valve is connected between the microphone cap and the connecting point. The emitter of the transistor is then connected to the collector of the field effect transistor and the collector of the transistor is connected to the connecting point.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cooling and screening drum for tobacco materials comprising a material inlet, a rotary drum including lifting webs running longitudinally along the inner wall, a cross-flow cooling system and a material outlet, the lifting webs being configured inclined obliquely to the inner wall contrary to the direction of rotation of the drum.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of and an apparatus for treating of textile substrates with a supercritical fluid. The textile substrates are formed as spools of yarn or rolled webs, and the supercritical fluid flows over and/or through them substantially perpendicular to their spool or winding axis. At that, the treatment temperature assumes different values during the treatment period. It is provided that during the treatment period, the treatment temperature values are set by at least two functions of the treatment time, and that the supercritical fluid is conditioned differently at the time the following function takes effect.

Abstract: A high-pressure generating apparatus including a high-pressure chamber, a low-pressure chamber located beneath the high-pressure chamber and having a diameter substantially larger than the diameter of the high-pressure chamber, a tandem piston having first and second portions displaceable in the high-pressure and low-pressure chambers, respectively, for building-up pressure therein, and a yoke embracing the high-pressure and low-pressure chambers for applying a pressure force to the high-pressure chamber cover and the low-pressure chamber bottom upon built-up of pressure in the high pressure and low-pressure chambers.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for extracting ingredient substances from natural products by means of a pressurized fluid, particularly for decaffeinating tea leaves by means of carbon dioxide, wherein the ingredient substances are bound by an adsorbent, preferably activated carbon. The fluid is conducted through a product layer, the thickness of which in flow direction is small in comparision with that transversely of the flow direction and the fluid is passed through the product layer with changing, especially increasing, velocity. The apparatus includes a cylindrical high-pressure vessel with annular cylindrical baskets for accommodating the natural product and/or the adsorbent, and the gas flows from a cylindrical outer range to a cylindrical inner range. The time required for the treatment of leafy natural product is reduced, the flow paths of the fluid are shortened, thus diminishing the risk of clogging, and the fluid flow velocity is reduced.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a high-pressure vessel with inner closure suitable for frequent load changes due to charging and discharging, comprising a forged cylindrical shell with bulbed ends and at least one cover with a frustum-shaped top surface, the cover being centered by supporting elements of the same shape and inclination and being tightened by the prevailing inner pressure. Further features of this high-pressure vessel are the cover bottom sealing which is locally separated from the supporting segments and is radially movable by means of a retaining ring as well as a thin-walled liner with welded-on wearing ring. In view of the frequent opening and closing actions, it is advisable to provide the vessel cover with a small feed-hold cover which is tightened by the prevailing inner pressure and which may be used whenever permitted by the process material characteristics.

Abstract: The invention relates to a closure system for pressure vessels, the closure consisting of a cover and of two clamp halves each of which can be moved into closing or open position by means of guiding elements. The clamp halves, the cover, and the pressure vessel housing being equipped with stop surfaces, the stop surfaces of the clamp halves being opposite to those of the cover and of the pressure vessel housing in closing position. The closure system is especially suitable in cases where an entirely automatic closing device is required for pressure vessels having an operating pressure of more than 10 bar.The clamp halves are connected by means of tensible flexible bearings to guiding elements to allow for a cover movement in axial direction. The tension of the flexible bearings is sufficient for automatic resetting of the clamp halves into zero position after depressurization of the vessel.

Abstract: A magnetic coupling for a stirrer drive in a high pressure autoclave in which the magnet shaft is in the form of a sleeve-like bush fixed on the end of the stirrer shaft. A portion of the magnet shaft serves as a carrier of segmented permanent magnets on the outside. An inner coupling part, including the magnet shaft, is covered by a hood and the outer coupling part comprises a bell equipped with permanent magnets on the inside. The bell covers the hood.

Abstract: Valve for use with a tubular chemical reactor operating at pressures of over 1000 bar and temperatures of more than 250.degree. C. The actual wall thickness of the lower valve part within the area of the inlet/outlet duct is at least 35% less than the wall thickness of adjacent wall areas, the undersize being compensated by the prestress applied by the tightening bolts of the upper valve part. A lens type seal is located between the lower valve part and the upper valve part and simultaneously (1) seals the connection between the valve parts and (2) comprises the valve seat. The thermal conductivity of the seal is at least 50% lower than that of the valve material.

Abstract: A temperature measuring device for use at pressures in excess of 1,500 bar. It comprises a thermocouple which is sheathed, the sheath being surrounded from end to end by an open ended pressure bearing sleeve. The space between the sheath and sleeve receives a hard or high temperature solder. At the outer end of the sleeve is a rigid cone or outwardly flared surface associated with a screw threaded nut which, when tightened, forces the cone against a shoulder to effect a fluid-tight connection at a point remote from the measuring junction.

Abstract: An objective system for motion picture cameras wherein a zoom lens is installed in a barrel and the barrel is surrounded by two ring-shaped selectors. The rear selector is rotatable to change the focal length of the lens by moving the optical elements of the rear group of optical elements of the lens with and relative to each other in the direction of the optical axis. The front selector is rotatable within a first angle to focus the image of a subject which is located at a distance of 5 ft. or more from the barrel, and within a second angle to focus the image of a subject prior to the making of close-up shots. The front selector moves the optical elements of the front group of optical elements of the lens during rotation within the first angle and the optical elements of the second group during rotation within the second angle. The focussing for close-up shots can be made after the focal length of the lens is reduced to a minimum value.

Abstract: An objective system for motion picture cameras wherein the focal length of a zoom lens is variable by rotating a ring-shaped selector about the optical axis through the medium of a radially extending handle, and focussing prior to the making of exposures at close range is effected by rotating the handle about its own axis. Prior to rotation of the handle about its axis, the selector must be moved to an angular position corresponding to the shortest focal length of the lens and the handle is thereupon depressed radially inwardly against the opposition of a spring so that an eccentric pin at its inner end enters a socket in a slide which is reciprocable in the lens barrel and is coupled to a sleeve for the optical elements of the lens by means of a follower which also serves to couple the sleeve to the selector. The handle can be depressed in a single angular position and can be moved outwardly to become disengaged from the slide only after it reassumes the single angular position.