Abstract: In order to provide a method for drying workpieces, comprising the following: introducing at least one workpiece to be dried into a drying chamber; carrying out at least one hot air drying procedure wherein feed air is fed to the drying chamber and exhaust air is conducted out of the drying chamber, wherein fresh air is fed to the feed air before its entry into the drying chamber; which, by using information from the drying procedure, enables the process time for the drying procedure to be shortened and/or the energy required for the drying procedure to be reduced, it is proposed that the feeding of fresh air to the feed air is reduced or interrupted during at least one monitoring period, at least one measurement variable characterizing the drying procedure is measured by means of at least one sensor and a measurement signal of the at least one sensor is transferred to an evaluating unit of a control apparatus, and from the evaluation of the measurement signal of the at least one sensor by means of the eva

Abstract: A method and to a control device 10 for operating an anode furnace including an extraction ramp arranged in a section of a heat-up zone and a burner ramp arranged in a section of a firing zone of the furnace unit, wherein operation of ramps is controlled by means of a control device of the furnace unit, wherein the ramps each have a read unit, wherein the section each have at least one stationary transponder unit, wherein the read units of the ramps communicate with the transponder units of the sections in which the ramps are arranged, wherein the respective transponder units are identified by means of the control device, and wherein a respective position of the ramps is determined by allocating the ramps to the respective transponder units.

Abstract: An air feeding device for producing anodes in an annular kiln includes at least one kiln unit having a heating zone, a firing zone, and a cooling zone, each having a plurality of kiln chambers which are interconnected by heating channels, are formed as heat exchangers and are used to receive anodes. Primary air is introduced into the cooling zone by a primary air feeding device for the passage of air through the kiln unit and, once it has passed through the firing zone, being discharged from the heating zone as flue gas by means of an exhaust device. Secondary air is fed into the heating zone upstream of the exhaust device by a secondary air feeding device.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and to a control apparatus for operating an anode furnace (10), wherein the anode furnace is formed from a plurality of heating ducts (12) and furnace chambers, wherein the furnace chambers serve for receiving anodes and the heating ducts serve for controlling the temperature of the furnace chambers, wherein the anode furnace comprises at least one furnace unit (11), wherein the furnace unit comprises a heating zone (20), a firing zone (21) and a cooling zone (22), which are in turn formed from at least one section (33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38) comprising furnace chambers, wherein a suction ramp (14) is arranged in a section of the heating zone and a burner ramp (15) of the furnace unit is arranged in a section of the firing zone, wherein operation of the ramps (14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19) is controlled by means of a control apparatus of the furnace unit, wherein the ramps include one reading unit each, wherein the sections include at least one stationary transponder unit each, wherei

Abstract: A thermoelement for measuring the temperature in gaseous or fluid media by means of one or more thermocouples comprising wires of different metals welded together which give off a resulting electrical voltage when heated and are configured as a measuring insert arranged in an insulating rod disposed in a heat-resistant protective tube that can be connected to a connection head, the protective tube being wholly or partially surrounded by a holding tube. To prevent a high input of heat which has an unfavourable effect on temperature measurement, the holding tube is supported against the protective tube at a radial distance from the protective tube, and a heat-resistant trace and optionally an insulating material are inserted between the protective tube and the holding tube, and the holding tube is attached to the connection head and/or the protective tube in one or both end areas and is provided with thermal insulation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and to an air feeding device for producing anodes in an annular kiln (10), comprising at least one kiln unit (“fire”) (11) having a heating zone (13), a firing zone (14), and a cooling zone (15), each having a plurality of kiln chambers (12) which are interconnected by heating channels (17), are formed as heat exchangers and are used to receive anodes, in said method primary air being introduced into the cooling zone by means of a primary air feeding device (21) for the passage of air through the kiln unit and, once it has passed through the firing zone, being discharged from the heating zone as flue gas by means of an exhaust device (22), wherein secondary air is fed into the heating zone in the direction of the primary air flow, upstream of the exhaust device, by means of a secondary air feeding device (24).

Abstract: A thermoelement (1) for measuring the temperature in gaseous or fluid media by means of one or more thermocouples (4) comprising wires of different metals welded together which give off a resulting electrical voltage when heated and are configured as a measuring insert (2) arranged in an insulating rod (3) disposed in a heat-resistant protective tube (11) that can be connected to a connection head (6), the protective tube being wholly or partially surrounded by a holding tube (21). To prevent a high input of heat which has an unfavourable effect on a temperature measurement, the holding tube (21) is supported against the protective tube (11) at a radial distance from the protective tube (11), and a heat-resistant trace (31) and optionally an insulating material (33) are inserted between the protective tube (11) and the holding tube (21), and the holding tube (21) is attached to the connection head (6) and/or the protective tube (11) in one or both end areas and is provided with thermal insulation.

Abstract: A semipermeable membrane is described which comprises a homogeneously miscible polymer blend of an aromatic polyamide and polyvinylpyrrolidone. The aromatic polyamide is in particular formed of recurrent units of the formula I: ##STR1## wherein E.sup.1 and E.sup.2 are identical or different and are selected from the groupings ##STR2## --AR.sup.1 --, and --AR.sup.1 --X--AR.sup.2,where AR.sup.1 and Ar.sup.2 are the same or different 1,2-phenylene, 1,3-phenylene or 1,4-phenylene groups which may be substituted by (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)-alkyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)-alkoxy, --CF.sub.3 or halogen and X denotesa) a direct bond or one of the following divalent groups: --O--, --C(CF.sub.3).sub.2 --, --SO.sub.2 --, --C(R.sup.1).sub.2 --, with R.sup.1 being hydrogen, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)-alkyl or fluoroalkyl having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl group or--Z--AR.sup.1 --Z--, where Z is one of the groups --O-- and --C(CH.sub.3).sub.2 or--O--Ar.sup.1 --Y--Ar.sup.2 --O--, where Y has the meaning given under Xa) above.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of 4-halo-3-oxo-2-alkoxyiminobutyric esters.A process for the preparation of 4-halo-3-oxo-2-alkoxyiminobutyric esters by solvent-free halogenation of the liquid substrate of a 3-oxo-2-alkoxyaiminobutyric ester with elemental halogen.

Abstract: A macrophorous, asymmetric, hydrophilic membrane containing polyaramid is described. The characterizing features are that it contains a copolyamide which has at least the following recurring structural units:(A) --OC--Ar--CO--(B) --NH--Ar'--NH(C) ##STR1## (D) ##STR2## where Ar and Ar' denote divalent aromatic radicals in which the valence bonds ar in the para or comparable coaxial or parallel position,denotes a lower alkyl radical or a lower alkoxy radical, in each case having up to 4 carbon atoms, or a halogen radical, and denotes an unsubstituted or substituted methylene radical or an --O--Ar--O-- group where Ar has the same structure as given above.

Abstract: The invention discloses an apparatus for maximizing the uniformity of distribution of gasification medium in a rotary grid generator. To insure proper input, a distribution head is rotatably mounted within the interior of the rotary grid, and the distribution head is connected by means of elastic input conduits to either openings which are directly connected with the reactor chamber, or to distribution chambers in the individual segments of the rotary grid. Through use of the apparatus, the formation of canals through preferential gas flow in the solid beds of pressure gas generators is eliminated.