Abstract: Processes herein may be used to thermally crack various hydrocarbon feeds, and may eliminate the refinery altogether while making the crude to chemicals process very flexible in terms of crude. In embodiments herein, crude is progressively separated into at least light and heavy fractions. Depending on the quality of the light and heavy fractions, these are routed to one of three upgrading operations, including a fixed bed hydroconversion unit, a solvent deasphalting unit, or an ebullated bed hydrocracking unit. Products from the upgrading operations may be used as feed to a steam cracker.

Abstract: A process for converting whole crudes and other heavy hydrocarbon streams to produce ethylene. The process includes feeding a hydroprocessed medium boiling fraction, a hydroprocessed residue fraction, or both, and a light boiling fraction to a steam cracker and recovering a light fraction. The light fraction is fed to a first separator and recovering a C1-C3 stream and a mixed C4 and C4+ stream, comprising isoolefins, olefins, and dienes and feeding the mixed C4 and C4+ stream to a second separator and recovering a mixed C4 stream comprising isoolefins, olefins, and a C4+ stream. A portion of the mixed C4 stream is dimerized in a dimerization unit to produce a dimerized product stream, hydrogenated in a total hydrogenation system, producing a hydrogenated dimer product stream, and cracking the hydrogenated dimer product stream in a thermal cracking reactor system, producing one or more of hydrogen, methane, ethylene, propylene, n-butenes, and isobutene.

Abstract: Mediums that include features that work together to create a medium that can be tracked, identified and authenticated efficiently and accurately. In addition, these features may be concealed to prevent or hinder potential copiers from copying or passing off a copy as an original. Further, these features may allow organizations to determine the origin of a copy.

Abstract: Mediums that include features that work together to create a medium that can be tracked, identified and authenticated efficiently and accurately. In addition, these features may be concealed to prevent or hinder potential copiers from copying or passing off a copy as an original. Further, these features may allow organizations to determine the origin of a copy.

Abstract: A tag or label includes first and second sheets having facing sides. A thin, flat, flexible device is disposed between the facing sides of the first and second sheets and has opposing flat surfaces meeting at a perimeter surrounding the device. An adhesive fixes the facing sides of the first and second sheets to the opposing flat surfaces of the device and to one another except in an adhesion-free region, where the adhesion-free region is a frame-shaped adhesion-free region surrounding the perimeter of the device or a polygon-shaped adhesion-free region inside the perimeter of the device.

Abstract: There is prepared a hydrophilic water swellable, water insoluble copolymer of (1) at least 35% of a hydroxy (C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 -alkyl)-2-alkenoate, (2) 30 to 60% of a 2-alkenamide or an N, N-di (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl)2-alkenamide, (3) 5 to 20% of R --OR.sub.1 --.sub.x Z where R is C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, R.sub.1 is C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 alkylene, x is an integer of 1 to 4 and Z is 2-alkenoyloxy and (4) 0.3 to 5% of a polyethylenically unsaturated crosslinking agent having a relatively long aliphatic chain, the copolymer being capable of holding 50 to 80 weight % of water. The polymers are particularly useful in preparing hydrophilic contact lenses of high burst strength and extended wear properties.