Abstract: A tuned mass damper is designed for a machine tool head that moves in the X, Y, and Z directions and rotates around a C-axis that is coincident with the axis of an arm that supports the head. The damper comprises a pair of damper masses symmetrically arranged around the head. Each damper mass has a center of gravity which is approximately in the geometric center of the mass. A resilient mounting is provided for each of the damper masses allowing the damper masses to damp out vibration in the X and Y directions regardless of the orientation of the head.

Abstract: A rigid design for a machine tool having perpendicular X, Y, and Z axes includes fixed X-axis frame members at the back of the machine, fixed Z-axis vertical frame members at the front of the machine, and fixed upper and lower Z-axis frame members rigidly attached to the fixed X-axis frame members and the fixed Z-axis vertical frame members. The frame members form a fixed, rigid, closed force loop design. A movable Y-axis column is bifurcated and a headstock is mounted in the center opening of the column. The headstock is advanced and retracted relative to the workpiece by moving the Y-axis column and the headstock relative to the workpiece. Because the headstock is fixed relative to the Y-axis column, the unsupported portion of the headstock relative to the Y-axis column does not change as the Z-axis position of the headstock changes relative to the workpiece.

Abstract: A rotary joint for a fluid is in the form of a hollow ring having an upper half and a lower half that are rotatable relative to one another in an X-Y plane around a C-axis. An inlet tube admits fluid to the ring and an outlet tube exhausts fluid from the ring. Both the inlet tube and the outlet tube are displaced from the C-axis. An inlet elbow is positioned in the hollow ring and has a rounded bend in the interior of the ring that directs fluid around the circumference of the ring. An outlet manifold that is tangential to the outer surface of the ring is coupled to the outlet tube.

Abstract: A tuned mass damper is designed for a machine tool head that moves in the X, Y, and Z directions and rotates around a C-axis that is coincident with the axis of an arm that supports the head. The damper comprises a pair of damper masses symmetrically arranged around the head. Each damper mass has a center of gravity which is approximately in the geometric center of the mass. A resilient mounting is provided for each of the damper masses allowing the damper masses to damp out vibration in the X and Y directions regardless of the orientation of the head.

Abstract: A rigid design for a machine tool having perpendicular X, Y, and Z axes includes fixed X-axis frame members at the back of the machine, fixed Z-axis vertical frame members at the front of the machine, and fixed upper and lower Z-axis frame members rigidly attached to the fixed X-axis frame members and the fixed Z-axis vertical frame members. The frame members form a fixed, rigid, closed force loop design. A movable Y-axis column is bifurcated and a headstock is mounted in the center opening of the column. The headstock is advanced and retracted relative to the workpiece by moving the Y-axis column and the headstock relative to the workpiece. Because the headstock is fixed relative to the Y-axis column, the unsupported portion of the headstock relative to the Y-axis column does not change as the Z-axis position of the headstock changes relative to the workpiece.

Abstract: A pallet load stand and manipulator allows a pallet to receive a workpiece and the workpiece to be clamped to the pallet while the pallet is in a horizontal position. Once the workpiece has been clamped to the pallet, the pallet may be rotated to a vertical position so that the pallet may be loaded onto a machine tool that operates on a workpiece with the pallet in the vertical position. The pallet may also be rotated to an intermediate position, similar to an artist's easel, in which the pallet is held in an inclined position, between the horizontal and vertical positions by positive locating assemblies and positive stops.

Abstract: Tools for compacting composite parts are disclosed. These tools are used while layers of composite material, such as tows or laminae, are being deposited onto a fabricating surface, such as a mold or other forming tool. The compacting tool is typically divided into a series of narrow segments, each segment able to advance or retreat individually so as to conform to the surface of a composite part being formed. Pressurized fluid, such as air or hydraulic fluid, or non-pressurized internal bladders with incompressible fluid, are used to evenly apply pressure to the segments in order to compact the material with which the tool and the segments are in contact. The compacting tool thus helps eliminate voids and helps the material conform to the desired shape on the forming tool.

Abstract: A machine tool has pass-through pallet loading allowing pallets to be loaded or discharged from either side of the machine. The pallet receiver is mounted on the X-axis of the machine, and the pallet is loaded onto the pallet receiver with the pallet in a vertical orientation. Cross axis rollers on the pallet receiver support the pallet and spacing rollers maintain the pallet spaced from Z-axis locating pads as it moves to a centered position on the pallet receiver. The Z-axis pads present a relatively large surface area to the rear face of the pallet, and are configured to provide vacuum clamping to lock the pallet in all three axes once it is centered on the pallet receiver. A rotating key is provided to center and lock the pallet relative to the pallet receiver before the vacuum clamping is applied.

Abstract: A pallet load stand and manipulator allows a pallet to receive a workpiece and the workpiece to be clamped to the pallet while the pallet is in a horizontal position. Once the workpiece has been clamped to the pallet, the pallet may be rotated to a vertical position so that the pallet may be loaded onto a machine tool that operates on a workpiece with the pallet in the vertical position. The pallet may also be rotated to an intermediate position, similar to an artist's easel, in which the pallet is held in an inclined position, between the horizontal and vertical positions by positive locating assemblies and positive stops.

Abstract: A machine tool has pass-through pallet loading allowing pallets to be loaded or discharged from either side of the machine. The pallet receiver is mounted on the X-axis of the machine, and the pallet is loaded onto the pallet receiver with the pallet in a vertical orientation. Cross axis rollers on the pallet receiver support the pallet and spacing rollers maintain the pallet spaced from Z-axis locating pads as it moves to a centered position on the pallet receiver. The Z-axis pads present a relatively large surface area to the rear face of the pallet, and are configured to provide vacuum clamping to lock the pallet in all three axes once it is centered on the pallet receiver. A rotating key is provided to center and lock the pallet relative to the pallet receiver before the vacuum clamping is applied.

Abstract: An operator station is positioned on the outside of a machine tool on the same side of the machine as the tool magazine and the automatic tool changer, to improve the ergonomics of the machine by keeping the tool loading access as close as possible to the operator. This location also allows easy visual access to the tools in the magazine and in the ready position in the tool changer. An angled “tunnel” window passing across the front of the tool magazine and the Y-axis column allows direct visual observation of the working zone of the machine tool from the operator station. A door on the side of the machine allows access from the operator station to a utilities panel located just inside of the door permitting ready operator access to switches, valves, fill points, filters and gages that are located on the panel.

Abstract: The frame of a machine tool forms a closed force loop design that surrounds a workzone containing the spindle head. The X and Y-axis drive motors are mounted on stationary elements of the machine. The Y-axis column is fixed, and supports a Z-axis ram. The mounting and positioning of the Z-axis ram minimizes the change in droop and the effects of acceleration forces on the Z-axis structure. The X, Y, and Z-axis drive motors are all mounted outside of the workzone to shield them from contamination and debris generating during the machining process, and for ease of maintenance.

Abstract: The frame of a machine tool forms a closed force loop design that surrounds a workzone containing the spindle head. The X, Y, and Z-axis drive systems are all mounted outside of the machine to shield them from contamination and debris generating during the machining process, and for ease of maintenance without having to enter the machine or remove workzone covers to access them. The X and Y-axis drives are mounted on stationary parts of the machine, eliminating the need for flexible cables to power and control these drives and reducing the mass of the moving elements of the machine.