Abstract: The present application relates to the technical field of electric heating elements, and discloses an all-ceramic heating element, which includes an outer heating layer, an inner insulating layer (3) and an inner heating layer, wherein the inner heating layer, the inner insulating layer (3) and the outer heating layer are sequentially arranged from inside to outside; the outer heating layer is electrically connected to the inner heating layer; and the weight ratio of ceramic materials of an outer resistive layer (4) and an inner resistive layer (2) is: silicon nitride:silicon carbide:aluminum oxide:yttrium oxide:lanthanum oxide:molybdenum disilicide=(500-700):(100-300):(40-80):(50-90):(0-30):(500-800), and the ratios thereof for the outer resistive layer (4) and the inner resistive layer (2) are different. The heating element has integrated heating and temperature-sensing functions, is not affected by an external environment, can realize reliable heating or ignition, and has a reliable service life.

Abstract: Disclosed is a control strategy for a hot surface igniter. On the basis of a hardware circuit of the hot surface igniter and a software algorithm, a working time of the hot surface igniter is divided into t1, t2, . . . , and tn time periods. In each time period, an output voltage or an output power of the hardware circuit is adjusted by the software algorithm to make the hot surface igniter reach an expected temperature. Through the control strategy of the disclosure, ignition time of the hot surface igniter may be easily controlled. The requirements of a user of igniting in a short time are satisfied.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the technical field of electric heating devices, and provides a four-wire electric heating and ignition device capable of temperature measurement, for solving the problem that a high-temperature hot surface element used in the existing combustion/heating apparatuses is prone to have a heating/ignition fault during use, which causes the combustion apparatuses to be unable to operate normally. The device includes a housing and a heating assembly having a self-temperature measurement function; the heating assembly is located in the housing, and the heating assembly extends out of a heating end of the housing; a temperature measurement end of the housing is further provided with a temperature measurement assembly, and a temperature measurement end of the temperature measurement assembly extends out of the temperature measurement end of the housing.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the technical field of combustion-supporting of compression ignition engines, and provides a hot surface combustion-supporting system of an engine, for solving the problem in the prior art that direct use of methanol by an engine is affected due to the fact that methanol cannot be directly compression-ignited. In an embodiment, the system includes: a hot surface igniter, which is used for igniting fuel of an engine; and a controller, which is used for performing temperature control of the hot surface igniter, can also communicate with an ECU of the engine, and is used for receiving a control signal of the ECU and a pre-set temperature value, and controlling on or off of the hot surface igniter according to the received control signal and the pre-set temperature value.

Abstract: The present application relates to the technical field of heating devices, and discloses a ceramic electric soldering iron, having a soldering iron head, a handle, a ceramic heating body, a positive wire and a negative wire, wherein the ceramic electric soldering iron further comprises a conductive wire and a ground wire, wherein the negative wire is connected to the soldering iron head, the positive wire is connected to the ceramic heating body, the conductive wire is connected to the negative wire at the front end of the ceramic heating body, the conductive wire is connected to a control measurement center (which can measure a grounding voltage and a grounding resistance), and the ground wire is connected to the handle. The ceramic electric soldering iron has the advantage of determining whether the grounding voltage less than 2 mV and the grounding resistance less than 2? are satisfied.

Abstract: The present application relates to the technical field of electric heating devices for engines. Disclosed is a ceramic glow plug, comprising a housing and a heating element, the heating element being provided inside the housing, and a positive wire being connected to the top of the heating element, wherein the housing comprises an upper housing and a lower housing, both the positive wire and a negative wire pass through the upper housing, and the negative wire is connected to the heating element. The ceramic glow plug has the advantage of being resistant to electromagnetic interference.

Abstract: Disclosed is a ceramic electric heating element. The ceramic electric heating element is completely wrapped by an insulating layer. The ceramic electric heating element can prevent the occurrence of a short circuit when the ceramic electric heating element is in use or is installed. The strength of the ceramic electric heating element is increased, and the shock resistance is enhanced. The service life of the ceramic electric heating element is prolonged, and the power-on duration of the ceramic electric heating element is prolonged. Moreover, the process is simplified, the structure is simple, and the cost is low.

Abstract: Disclosed is a composite material for a ceramic electric heating element. Components for the preparation of the composite material include silicon nitride, molybdenum disilicide, silicon carbide, yttrium oxide, aluminum oxide and lanthanum oxide. The composite material of the disclosure can be used to make the impulse current of a ceramic electric heating element small.

Abstract: Disclosed is a control strategy for a hot surface igniter. On the basis of a hardware circuit of the hot surface igniter and a software algorithm, a working time of the hot surface igniter is divided into t1, t2, . . . , and to time periods. In each time period, an output voltage or an output power of the hardware circuit is adjusted by the software algorithm to make the hot surface igniter reach an expected temperature. Through the control strategy of the disclosure, ignition time of the hot surface igniter may be easily controlled. The requirements of a user of igniting in a short time are satisfied.

Abstract: Disclosed are a ceramic electric heating element having a two-layer structure, and an electric soldering iron. The electric heating element having a two-layer ceramic structure comprises an inner conducting layer and an outer insulating layer; the insulating layer wraps the conducting layer, and the conducting layer is exposed outside the insulating layer at the head and tail of the electric heating element. In addition, the ceramic electric heating element having a two-layer structure is used to the electric soldering iron. The present invention allows the miniaturization in the manufacture of ceramic electric heating bodies, with low production cost and low difficulty in respect of the process.

Abstract: A high-voltage ceramic electric heating element, comprising a body (9), the body (9) being hollow and having an open trailing portion, and a notch (7) being provided on the body (9) in the axial direction and extending through from left to right; a temperature control region (8) is provided at a position on an outer resistance layer (2) of the body (9), and the cross sectional area of the temperature control region (8) is smaller than the cross sectional area of the body (9). Using the high-voltage ceramic electric heating element can improve the ignition reliability and the service life.

Abstract: Disclosed is a ceramic electric heating element. The ceramic electric heating element is completely wrapped by an insulating layer. The ceramic electric heating element can prevent the occurrence of a short circuit when the ceramic electric heating element is in use or is installed. The strength of the ceramic electric heating element is increased, and the shock resistance is enhanced. The service life of the ceramic electric heating element is prolonged, and the power-on duration of the ceramic electric heating element is prolonged. Moreover, the process is simplified, the structure is simple, and the cost is low.

Abstract: Disclosed is a ceramic electric heating element. The ceramic electric heating element is completely wrapped by an insulating layer. The ceramic electric heating element can prevent the occurrence of a short circuit when the ceramic electric heating element is in use or is installed. The strength of the ceramic electric heating element is increased, and the shock resistance is enhanced. The service life of the ceramic electric heating element is prolonged, and the power-on duration of the ceramic electric heating element is prolonged. Moreover, the process is simplified, the structure is simple, and the cost is low.

Abstract: Methods, systems, computer program products, and articles of manufacture for managing a manufacturing environment are described. An optimized schedule for operators is generated based on an optimization data structure, the optimization data structure comprising one or more manufacturing objectives and one or more resource constraints. The manufacturing activity is simulated based on the generated optimized schedule and an initial state data structure, the initial state data structure comprising a representation of an initial state of the manufacturing environment. The simulation results are analyzed to, for example, determine if the manufacturing objectives are satisfied.

Abstract: Disclosed is a ceramic electric heating element. The ceramic electric heating element is completely wrapped by an insulating layer. The ceramic electric heating element can prevent the occurrence of a short circuit when the ceramic electric heating element is in use or is installed. The strength of the ceramic electric heating element is increased, and the shock resistance is enhanced. The service life of the ceramic electric heating element is prolonged, and the power-on duration of the ceramic electric heating element is prolonged. Moreover, the process is simplified, the structure is simple, and the cost is low.

Abstract: Methods, systems, computer program products, and articles of manufacture for managing a manufacturing environment are described. An optimized schedule for operators is generated based on an optimization data structure, the optimization data structure comprising one or more manufacturing objectives and one or more resource constraints. The manufacturing activity is simulated based on the generated optimized schedule and an initial state data structure, the initial state data structure comprising a representation of an initial state of the manufacturing environment. The simulation results are analyzed to, for example, determine if the manufacturing objectives are satisfied.

Abstract: According to some embodiments, first current resource data indicative of a current state of first resources that are used to deliver healthcare to a plurality of patients associated with a first healthcare enterprise is continuously and automatically received. The first current resource data may be automatically used to update a healthcare enterprise simulation model. The healthcare enterprise simulation model may automatically generate a predicted future state of the first resources, wherein the predicted future state of the first resources is based at least in part on second resource data indicative of a state of second resources that are used to deliver healthcare to a plurality of patients associated with a second healthcare enterprise remote from and networked with the first healthcare enterprise.

Abstract: Snapshot data may be received indicative of a current state of resources that deliver healthcare to a plurality of patients associated with a healthcare enterprise. The received snapshot data may be automatically used to initialize a healthcare enterprise simulation model. The healthcare enterprise simulation model may then be executed to automatically generate a predicted future state of the resources at a predetermined point in time. Some embodiments may automatically suggest mitigation strategies based on simulated scenarios reflecting potential bottlenecks and appropriate actions that may be taken by the enterprise. The system may continuously and automatically monitor forecast accuracy to detect potential anomalies.

Abstract: A flow measurement system and method uses enhanced phase detection based on a ratio of amplitudes of summations of two oppositely propagating acoustic signals. A need for direct time measurement and extensive difference calculation is consequently avoided so that in some implementations compact, simple, low power analog circuitry can be used.

Abstract: A flow measurement system and method uses enhanced phase detection based on a ratio of amplitudes of summations of two oppositely propagating acoustic signals. A need for direct time measurement and extensive difference calculation is consequently avoided so that in some implementations compact, simple, low power analog circuitry can be used.