Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for oiling essentially organic starting products with a higher molecular weight, in which hydrocarbons, preferably in liquid or semi-solid form, and a residual material with a high carbon content are obtained by the impact of high temperatures.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for oiling essentially organic starting products with a higher molecular weight, in which hydrocarbons, preferably in liquid or semi-solid form, and a residual material with a high carbon content are obtained by the impact of high temperatures.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of azo dyes of the formula ##STR1## in which X is --NH.sub.2 or --OH, A is a benzene or naphthalene radical which can be substituted by nitro, halogen, sulfo, C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 alkanoylamino, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkoxycarbonylamino, sulfonamido and sulfone groups and B is a benzene radical which is monosubstituted or disubstituted by C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, or a naphthalene radical which can be substituted by amino, phenylamino, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkylamino and sulfo, or a 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazlone radical which can be substituted by halogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl and C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkoy, these radicals being bound to the azo group in the o-position with respect to the hydroxyl or amino groups, comprises diazotizing in aqueous solution an amine of the formula ##STR2## in the presence of at least one ketone of the formula ##STR3## in which R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, independently of one another, are each C.sub.1 -C.sub.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for dyeing or printing natural or synthetic polyamide fibre materials which comprises dyeing or printing these fibre materials with reactive dyes of the formula ##STR1## where each M is a cation, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently of each other hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, and X.sub.1 and X.sub.2 are independently of each other .alpha.,.beta.-dibromopropionyl, .alpha.-bromoacryloyl, chloroacetyl or a mono-, di- or trihalopyrimidinyl radical.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for dyeing or printing natural or synthetic polyamide fiber materials which comprises dyeing or printing these fiber materials with reactive dyes of the formula ##STR1## where each M is a cation, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently of each other hydrogen or C.sub.1 -alkyl, and X.sub.1 and X.sub.2 are independently of each other .alpha.,.beta.-dibromopropionyl, .alpha.-bromoacryloyl, chloroacetyl or a mono-, di- or trihalopyrimidinyl radical.

Abstract: Asymmetric 1:2-chrome complex dyes of the formula: ##STR1## wherein A is the radical of 1-hydroxynaphthalene or 2-hydroxynaphthalene,R.sub.1 is hydrogen, chlorine or methyl,R.sub.2 is hydrogen, nitro or chlorine, andKa.sup.+ is a cation, and of the substituents X.sub.1, X.sub.2 and X.sub.3 one is an SO.sub.3 group, and the other two are hydrogen, X.sub.3 being hydrogen when R.sub.1 is chlorine and R.sub.2 is hydrogen,give blue shades on leather and other polyamides, which shades are lightfast and fast to wet processing.

Abstract: Process for preparing ozone-fast dyeings on synthetic polyamide fibre materials from aqueous liquor with anthraquinone dyes which comprises using at least one anthraquinone dye which contains one or two fibre-reactive groups and one or two sulfo groups.The process according to the invention is suitable for dyeing synthetic polyamide materials producing with the monosulfoanthraquinone or disulfoanthraquinone dyes which contain one or two fibre-reactive groups level dyeings having good fastness properties, in particular good ozone fastness.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of quaternized diaminoanthraquinones by reacting alpha-nitro-anthraquinone with an amine of the formula ##STR1## to give 1-aminoanthraquinone (B), halogenating, preferably brominating the compound (B) to give 1-amino-4-halogeno- or 1-amino-2,4-dihalogeno-anthraquinone (C), condensing the compound (C) with a diamine of the formula ##STR2## or with an amine of the formula HNR.sub.3 R.sub.7 to give 1,4-diaminoanthraquinone (D) and subsequently quaternizing compound (D) to give the corresponding quaternized anthraquinone compound (E) which process comprises carrying out the condensation of compound (C) with the amine to form compound (D) and subsequent quaternization steps in one single operation without isolation of the intermediate (D).

Abstract: Process for the continuous trichromatic dyeing of synthetic polyamide materials which comprises using at least one blue-dyeing fibre-reactive sulfo-containing anthraquinone dye together with at least one red-dyeing sulfo-containing azo dye and at least one yellow- or orange-dyeing sulfo-containing azo dye.The process according to the invention is suitable for the continuous dyeing of synthetic polyamide materials from aqueous liquors, producing level dyeings having good fastness properties, in particular good ozone fastness.

Abstract: A light-sensitive recording material which provides polymer images and contains, on a base, a layer of a photocrosslinkable polymer with an average molecular weight of 10.sup.3 to 10.sup.6, the copolymer having been prepared from(1) a (meth)acrylate, (meth)acrylamide or vinyl ether derivative which contains at least one maleimide group of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 together with the carbon atoms to which they are bonded form a 5-membered or 6-membered carbocyclic ring,(2) an ethylenically unsaturated comonomer containing acid groups, this comonomer being present in an amount of at least 18 percent by weight, based on the total amount of the comonomers, and, optionally,(3) at least one further ethylenically unsaturated comonomer which differs from the comonomers (1) and (2).

Abstract: A mixture of cationic compounds of the formulae ##STR1## is obtained by reaction of a compound of the formula ##STR2## with an aldehyde of the formula II ##STR3## in an aqueous or organic medium, in the presence of an acid, in which formulae, the symbols have the meanings defined in claim 1. The mixtures obtained are suitable in particular for the dyeing of paper, whereby neutral-yellow dyeings are obtained.

Abstract: The novel dye salts of the formula ##STR1## wherein Z, B, X, m and n are as defined in claim 1, are suitable for dyeing polyacrylonitrile in the spinning dope. The fibres dyed according to the invention have good fastness to rubbing, steaming, washing and light.

Abstract: There are described novel dye mixtures of the dyes I and II or Ia and II ##STR1## wherein the symbols have the meanings defined in claim 1. These mixtures can be used in particular for dyeing and printing polyacrylonitrile materials, or mixed fabrics of polyacrylonitrile and wool, the dyeings obtained having a clear, deeply colored blue shade and especially a very good evening shade.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of 1,4-diamino anthraquinone or quaternized -1,4-diamino-anthraquinone; and by reacting .alpha.-nitro-anthraquinone with an amine of the formula ##STR1## to give 1-aminoanthraquinone (B), halogenating, preferably brominating, the compound (B) to give 1-amino-4-halogeno- or 1-amino-2,4-dihalogeno-anthraquinone (C), condensing the compound (C) with a diamine of the formula ##STR2## or with an amine of the formula HN--R.sub.3 R.sub.7 to give 1,4-diamino-anthraquinone (D) and optionally subsequently quaternizing the compound (D) to give a quaternized anthraquinone compound which process comprises carrying out the reaction from A to E or A to D in one single operation without isolation of the intermediates.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for spin dyeing polymers of acrylonitrile or copolymers containing predominantly acrylonitrile, which process comprises adding to the spinning solution a monocationic dye salt of the formula ##STR1## wherein D is the group of atoms necessary to close a 5-membered heterocyclic ring containing two N-atoms, or to close a 6-membered heterocyclic ring, which rings may optionally contain fused benzene rings, or is the group of atoms necessary to close a benzthiazole ring, and Q is the radical of a carbocyclic or heterocyclic aromatic coupling component, and R.sub.1 is alkyl, aralkyl or aryl. The yellowish-red transparent fibres obtained have excellent fastness properties.

Abstract: There are described novel cationic compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein Z's independently of one another are each a radical of the formula ##STR2## B is identical to Z or is a cationic radical different from Z; R's independently of one another are each hydrogen, unsubstituted or substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy, the NO.sub.2 group, unsubstituted or substituted acylamino, halogen or the CN group;R.sub.1 's independently of one another are each unsubstituted or substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl or C.sub.3 -C.sub.4 -alkenyl;X is a sulfur atom or the group ##STR3## in which both R.sub.1 radicals can be linked with each other to form a carbocyclic 5- or 6-membered ring;A is the direct bond, --NH-alkylene (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4), --O-alkylene (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4), alkylene (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4), phenylene, --O-phenylene or --NH-phenylene;Y is --NH--, --NR.sub.

Abstract: The invention describes a novel single step process for the production of carbinol bases of the formula I ##STR1## wherein R is the methyl or ethyl group, each R.sub.3 independently is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl group and the benzene rings A and/or B can be unsubstituted or substituted, which process comprises alkylating 1 mole of a dye base of the formula II ##STR2## or the hydrogen salt thereof of the formula IIa ##STR3## wherein R.sub.3, A and B are as defined for formula I and X is any anion, in aqueous alkaline medium having a pH value of at least 10, with at least 2 moles of a compound that introduces the radical R. The carbinol bases obtained are valuable intermediates for obtaining in particular cationic compounds containing any anions, especially carboxylic acid anions, most preferably an acetate anion.

Abstract: The invention relates to dye salts of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.4 are hydrogen or alkyl, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are hydrogen, alkyl, aralkyl or aryl, and Y and Z are hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, alkoxy or aryloxy. These dye salts are most suitable for spin-dyeing acrylonitrile. Pure blue transparent fibres having excellent fastness properties are obtained.

Abstract: There are described novel crystalline bromine and iodine salts of triazole dyes of the formula ##STR1## wherein R is the CH.sub.3 or C.sub.2 H.sub.5 group,R.sub.1 is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl group,R.sub.2 is an unsubstituted or substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl group, andX is the bromine or iodine ion,and also processes for producing them, and their use for dyeing and printing in particular polyacrylonitrile materials.

Abstract: There is described a process for dyeing paper or, in particular, cellulose containing fibre material with an aqueous dye liquor, which dye liquor contains at least one cationic or basic dye which(a) has available at least one system of delocalized .pi.-electrons, which system consists of at least 9 conjugated double bonds lying in one plane, and(b) possesses a planar molecular structure, the said material being treated, before or during dyeing, with at least one cationic or basic levelling agent; there is no necessity to add salt additionally to the dye bath, and there are obtained by this process level dyeings which exhibit a high degree of exhaustion of the dye, and which are characterized by good fastness properties, especially by good fastness to wet processing.