Abstract: Techniques are provided for implementing hybrid cathodes for batteries. In one example, a battery cathode includes a solid cathode material having an open pore structure and formed of a carbon monofluoride material and one or both of a phthalocyanine compound and a manganese oxide material and lithium polysulfide disposed within pores of the solid cathode material. In another example, a method includes assembling a solid cathode material and lithium metal anode with a porous separator therebetween, where the solid cathode material has an open pore structure and is formed of a carbon monofluoride material and one or both of a phthalocyanine compound and a manganese oxide, forming a catholyte having lithium polysulfide and infiltrating pores of the solid cathode material and the separator with the catholyte.

Abstract: Techniques are provided for implementing hybrid anodes for batteries. In one example, a battery anode includes a current collector having a continuous particulate matrix and an open pore structure and an anode material disposed at least within pores of the current collector. In another example, a method of forming the anode includes forming a slurry of current collector particles, a binder, and a solvent, casting the slurry into a film, de-binding the slurry to remove the binder and solvent, sintering the particles to form a current collector, and infiltrating the current collector with an anode material.

Abstract: A biohybrid dual chamber fuel cell and method for producing sustainable electrical power from unprocessed biomass include a microbial fuel cell (MFC) for processing the biomass into a clean fuel, a direct alcohol fuel cell (DAFC) operatively connected to the microbial fuel cell for oxidizing the clean fuel to generate electrical power and a separation barrier in the form of a reverse osmosis membrane disposed intermediate the MFC and the DAFC which prevents the diffusion of impurities from the MFC into the DAFC and the return flow of oxidation by-products from the DAFC into the MFC.

Abstract: A biohybrid dual chamber fuel cell and method for producing sustainable electrical power from unprocessed biomass include a microbial fuel cell (MFC) for processing the biomass into a clean fuel, a direct alcohol fuel cell (DAFC) operatively connected to the microbial fuel cell for oxidizing the clean fuel to generate electrical power and a separation barrier in the form of a reverse osmosis membrane disposed intermediate the MFC and the DAFC which prevents the diffusion of impurities from the MFC into the DAFC and the return flow of oxidation by-products from the DAFC into the MFC.