Abstract: A liquid flow control device (20) comprises a variable orifice (28/30) in a conduit (15), and branch lines (41, 42) above and below a flow restriction, which may be the variable orifice itself. The orifice is controlled to maintain a predetermined relation between the pressures (P.sub.1, P.sub.2) in the two branches. A metering valve (60) for a second liquid to be injected into the conduit may be controlled simultaneously to maintain a preset ratio between the flow coefficients of the valve and the orifice, so that if the pressures above and below the metering valve are the same as the pressures above and below the variable orifice, the respective flow rates will stay in the same proportion, and the proportion of second liquid injected into the liquid in the conduit will be constant at all flow rates.

Abstract: A functional fluid comprising:(a) a base fluid selected from one or more of (i) a phosphate fluid and (ii) a carboxylic acid ester; and(b) as hydrolytic stabilizer, at least one compound having the formula I:A--NHC(.dbd.X)NHZ (I),in whichA is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.23 alkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.18 alkenyl, C.sub.6 -C.sub.10 aryl, C.sub.7 -C.sub.13 alkaryl, C.sub.7 -C.sub.13 aralkyl or C.sub.5 -C.sub.12 cycloalkyl;X is oxygen, sulphur or NH; andZ is H, NH.sub.2 or --N.dbd.CR.sub.1 R.sub.2 in which R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, independently, have any of the meanings assigned to A, or R.sub.2 is H, or R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, together with the carbon atom to which they are each attached, may form a C.sub.5 -C.sub.12 ring.

Abstract: A connector for high pressure fluid conduits, such as fire hoses, has a chamber (10) with an inlet (4) and outlet (6) and between them a resilient ring (18), having an outer diameter close to the width of the chamber, on a dished support (14). The ring has a generally rectangular section except for a chamfer (24) on the inner upstream edge. The support has a central flow passage (16) aligned with the central passage (20) in the ring and carries two intersecting trapezoidal fins (22) projecting through the ring. When connected to a complementary coupling, the inlet and outlet bores of the connector correspond to the diameter of the chamfered portion of the ring. The device controls transient pressure peaks by deformation of the resilient ring without excessive reduction in flow.

Abstract: A method of inhibiting scale formation by salts of calcium, magnesium, barium and strontium from aqueous solutions, by adding to the aqueous solution a minor proportion of a product comprising a telomer of formula I: ##STR1## or a salt thereof, wherein X is CO.sub.2 H when Y is H and vice versa, B and B' are each hydrogen or B is CH.sub.3 when B' is H or vice versa, m is an integer from 2 to 100 and n is 0 or 1, R is alkyl having 1 to 22 carbon atoms substituted by one or more hydroxy groups.

Abstract: A method of inhibiting the precipitation of scale-forming salts of calcium, magnesium, barium and strontium from aqueous systems which involves adding to the aqueous system a telomeric compound of the formula: ##STR1## and the salt forming derivatives thereof, wherein: R.sup.11 is H, CH.sub.3, C.sub.2 H.sub.5 ; R.sup.1 is --OX wherein X is alkyl of 1-4 carbon atoms or hydrogen; R is hydrogen, alkyl of 1-18 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl of 5-12 carbon atoms, phenyl or benzyl, and n is a positive integer of at most 100.

Abstract: A method of inhibiting the precipitation of the scale forming salts of calcium, magnesium, barium and strontium from aqueous systems comprising adding to the aqueous system a minor proportion of a product comprising a telomeric compound of the formula: ##STR1## or salts thereof, wherein R.sup.11 is hydrogen or a methyl or ethyl residue and n is a positive integer of at most 100, R is hydroxyl and R.sup.1 is hydroxyl.

Abstract: A method of inhibiting scale formation by salts of calcium, magnesium, barium and strontium from aqueous solutions, by adding to the aqueous solution a minor proportion of a product comprising a telomer of formula I: ##STR1## or a salt thereof, wherein X is CO.sub.2 H when Y is H and vice versa, B and B' are each hydrogen or B is CH.sub.3 when B' is H or vice versa, m is an integer from 2 to 100 and n is 0 or 1, R is an hydroxyl group, alkyl having from 1-22 carbon atoms substituted by one or more carboxyl groups.

Abstract: A method of inhibiting the precipitation of the scale forming salts of calcium, magnesium, barium and strontium from aqueous systems comprising adding to the aqueous system a minor proportion of a product comprising a telomeric compound of the formula: ##STR1## or salts thereof, wherein R.sup.11 is hydrogen or a methyl or ethyl residue and n is a positive integer of at most 100, R is a residue --OX wherein X is a straight or branched alkyl residue having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and R.sup.1 is a residue --OX wherein X has its previous significance.

Abstract: Addition compounds of sulfur dioxide and Schiff bases from primary aliphatic or araliphatic amines and aromatic aldehydes can be used for the sealing of the surface of phosphated mild steel. As a result of this the corrosion resistance of the steel and the adhesion of paint coatings on the treated steel are increased substantially. The addition compounds may have three different structures depending on the components used. They can be prepared easily by passing a stream of SO.sub.2 through the solution of the Schiff base.

Abstract: A method of inhibiting the precipitation of scale-forming salts of calcium, magnesium, barium and strontium from aqueous systems comprising adding to the aqueous system a telomeric compound of the formula: ##STR1## or salts thereof, wherein R.sup.11 is hydrogen, methyl or ethyl, R is hydrogen, 1-18C alkyl, 5-12C cycloalkyl, aryl, aralkyl, a residue of formula: ##STR2## wherein R.sup.11 has its previous significance and the sum of n + m is an integer of at most 100, or a residue --OX wherein X is hydrogen or 1-4C alkyl, and R.sup.1 is a residue --OX wherein X has its previous significance.

Abstract: The corrosion protecting action of iron phosphate or zinc phosphate coatings on mild steel is markedly raised by treating with solutions of .alpha.-aminophosphonic or -phosphonous acids or their water soluble salts. Compounds having more than one amino and more than one phosphonic or phosphonous acid groups are also suitable. Paint films on metal surfaces pretreated in this manner show a considerably better adhesion than on untreated surfaces.

Abstract: Novel 4-(3,5-dialkyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,2-dithiole-3-thiones are used as additives for organic materials. They are prepared by reacting a corresponding alkylated phenol with sulfur and if necessary reacting the resulting compound with sodium disulphide and then with a corresponding halide.