Abstract: An embodiment in accordance with the present invention provides methods and software for determining an association between two health events, temporally. The methods can be implemented on a computing device either individually, or as a group, and are noted as simulation, permutation shuffling, and permutation sliding. Simulation, permutation shuffling, and permutation sliding each use the comparison of the experimentally found occurrence of association between the two health events to the null distribution of the association statistics, obtained by independently simulating the two health events. In particular, these methods of determining association between two health events can be used for determining an association between reflux and apnea in infants. However, these methods can also be applied more generally to determining a potential relationship between health or other events in the temporal plane.