Abstract: Quinoxalinepentamethine dyes of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.22 -alkyl or substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.5 -C.sub.7 -cycloalkyl,R.sup.2 is hydrogen, chlorine, bromine or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl,Y is a radical of the formula --N.dbd.C(CH.sub.3)-- or --N(R.sup.1)--CO--, where R.sup.1 is as defined above,Z.sup.1 and Z.sup.2 are each hydrogen or together are unsubstituted or substituted C.sub.2 -C.sub.3 -alkylene,X.sup..crclbar. is an anion andthe rings A and B independently of each other may be substituted and/or benzofused and are useful in optical recording media.

Abstract: Thin radiation sensitive coating films contain silicon naphthalocyanines of the formula ##STR1## where Nc is the radical of a naphthalocyanine system which may be substituted by C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 -alyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 -alkoxy, andR.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are indentical or different and each is independently of the other a radical of the formula ##STR2## where R.sup.3 is branched C.sub.6 -C.sub.20 -alkyl of the formula ##STR3## where n is from 1 to 5 and R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 independently of each other are C.sub.1 -C.sub.16 -alkyl, and R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are independently of each other C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 -alkyl or the radical OR.sup.3 where R.sup.3 is as defined above, or the radical R.sup.1 may also be C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 -alkyl.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)sulfone by reacting phenol with sulfuric acid in the presence of a solvent at from 130.degree. to 220.degree. C. and in the presence or absence of a sulfonating assistant, wherein the bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)sulfone formed is selectively deposited on a nucleating surface during or after the reaction, and thus removed from the reaction medium.

Abstract: Heterocyclic amidine derivatives of the general formula I ##STR1## in which the variables R.sup.1 are the same or different and denote hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy, hydroxyl or chlorine,R.sup.2 to R.sup.5 denote hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl and R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 can together form a five-membered or six-membered ring,R.sup.6 denotes hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkyl,R.sup.7 denotes cyano or --COOR.sup.8, --COR.sup.8, --CONHR.sup.8 or --CONR.sup.8.sub.2, in whichR.sup.8 is a straight-chain or branched-chain C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 -alkyl group which may be interrupted by oxygen atoms, a cyclopentyl or cyclohexyl group or a phenylalkyl group having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety,A is a chemical bond or a methylene group which may additionally carry one or two C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl radicals, andm and n are each 1 or 2.The said heterocyclic amidine derivatives I serve as UV stabilizers for organic materials.

Abstract: The preparation of 2-cyano-3,3-diarylacrylates I ##STR1## (in which Ar.sup.1 and Ar.sup.2 are aromatic radicals and R is an aliphatic radical having from 3 to 30 carbon atoms) by reacting a 2-cyano-3,3-diarylacrylate II ##STR2## (in which R.sup.1 is methyl or ethyl) with an alcohol IIIR--OH (III)in the presence of a basic catalyst with removal of the alcohol R.sup.1 -OH formed.The esters of formula I are valuable UV absorbing agents for, say, plastics materials.

Abstract: An optical recording medium contains silicon naphthalocyanines of the formula ##STR1## where Nc is the radical of a naphthalocyanine system which may be substituted by alkyl, alkoxy, aryl or aralkyl, andR.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each independently of the other a radical of the formula (O).sub.n R.sup.3, where n is 0 or 1 and R.sup.3 is an unsubstituted radical, or ##STR2## where R.sup.3 is as defined above and R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are each independently of the other alkyl, alkoxy or (O).sub.n R.sup.3 or R.sup.1 is alkyl.

Abstract: An optical recording medium contains tetraazaporphyrins of the formula ##STR1## where L.sup.1, L.sup.2, L.sup.3 and L.sup.4 are each independently of the others the radical of a bicyclic aromatic heterocycle containing 1 to 3 identical or different heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O and S, which may be substituted, andR.sup.1 and R.sup.2 have defined meanings.

Abstract: Useful stabilizers for organic material, in particular plastics and paints, and metal ion deactivators are amides of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are singly methyl or together tetramethylene or pentamethylene, R.sup.3 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkanoyl, benzyl, hydroxyethyl, cyanomethyl or aminomethyl, n is 1, 2 or 3 and--when n is 1--R.sup.4 is hydrogen and R.sup.5 is --CO--R.sup.6 is H, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl, phenoxyalkyl, aryl, a 5- or 6-membered heterocycle, alkoxy, aryloxy, cycloalkyloxy, phenylalkoxy, carbamoyl or --SO.sub.2 --R.sup.8 where R.sup.8 is alkyl or phenyl or ##STR2## is a phthalimide group or--when n is 2--R.sup.4 is H and R.sup.5 is --CO--Z--CO-- where Z is a chemical bond, C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkylene, oxaalkylene, phenylene, cyclohexylene, biphenylene, biphenylene oxide, dioxyphenylene, diaminophenylene, diaminocyclohexylene, 1-.OMEGA.-diiminoalkylene or a 2-valent heterocycle or ##STR3## is a pyromellimide group or--when n is 3--R.sup.4 is H and R.sup.

Abstract: Bislactams of the general formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 independently of one another are each C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 and/or R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 form a tetra- or pentamethylene radical, and R.sup.5 is hydrogen, carbonyl-C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkyl, benzoyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkyl, C.sub.7 -C.sub.10 -phenylalkyl, the phenyl nucleus being unsubstituted or substituted by one or two C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyoxy, fluorine, chlorine or bromine radicals, or is C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 -cyanoalkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 -hydroxyalkyl or C.sub.2 - or C.sub.3 -aminoalkyl, and the acid addition salts and hydrates of these compounds.The compounds (I) are stabilizers for organic materials.

Abstract: Compounds of the general formula (I) ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each H, Cl, alkyl, alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted phenyl or phenylalkyl, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are each H, alkyl, oxaalkyl, alkoxy, oxaalkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, phenylalkyl, phenoxy, phenylalkoxy, alkylcarbonylamino, benzoylamino, alkanoyloxy or benzoyloxy, n is 1 or 2 and R.sup.5 is -- when n is 1-alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, oxaalkyl, phenylalkyl or ##STR2## or -- when n is 2-akylene, cycloalkylene, alkenylene, oxaalkylene or ##STR3## where m is from 2 to 4, R.sup.6 is alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, phenylalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted phenyl or naphthyl, and R.sup.7 is alkylene, alkenylene, cycloalkylene, substituted or unsubstituted phenylene, naphthylene, diphenylene, ##STR4## are effective light stabilizers for organic materials, in particular for polymers.

Abstract: Naphtholactamtrimethine dyes useful in optical recording media have the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are identical or different and each is independently of the others C.sub.1 -C.sub.22 -alkyl, which may be substituted and/or interrupted by one or more oxygen atoms, one or more imino groups or one or more C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkylimino groups, or is substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.5 -C.sub.7 -cycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, and the rings A, B, C and D may each be substituted and/or benzofused.

Abstract: 2,4-Dihydroxybenzoic acid is prepared in a solids mixer by reacting resorcinol with an alkali metal bicarbonate and/or alklai metal carbonate in a carbon dioxide atmosphere using as the alkali metal bicarbonate or alkali metal carbonate a mixture of the corresponding sodium and potassium salts.

Abstract: Aromatic hydroxycarboxylic acids of the formula(HO--).sub.n A--COOHwhere n is 1 or 2 and A is a radical from the benzene, naphthalene, biphenyl, diphenyl ether, diphenyl sulfide or diphenyl sulfone series, are prepared by a process in which an acylated aromatic compound of the formula(R.sup.1 --CO--O--).sub.n A--CO--R.sup.2where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently of one another are each unsubstituted or substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl and n and A each have the abovementioned meanings, is oxidized with oxygen in the presence of a catalyst and of a solvent at from 20.degree. to 250.degree. C. to give a carboxylic acid of the formula(R.sup.1 --CO--O--).sub.n A--COOHwhere R.sup.1, n and A have the abovementioned meanings, and the acyl group or groups is or are then eliminated.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone by reacting resorcinol with benzotrichloride in water, wherein the reaction mixture contains a surfactant or a dispersing or emulsifying agent in a concentration of from 0.05 to 5%, by weight of the water.The product is obtained in high yield and good purity.

Abstract: Azulenesquaric acid dyes of the formula ##STR1## where L is substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 -alkylene,R.sup.1 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 -alkyl, C.sub.5 -C.sub.7 -cycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted phenyl andR.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are each independently of the others hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 -alkyl,with the proviso that when R.sup.5 is hydrogen the positions of the substituents CH.sub.2 --L--O--CO--NHR.sup.1 and R.sup.4 on an azulene ring may also be interchanged within a ring in either or both of the azulene rings, derived from azulene intermediates that contain urethane groups, are suitable for use in an optical recording medium.

Abstract: Poly-N-vinylcarbazole containing impurities is purified by a process in which the poly-N-vinylcarbazole to be purified is treated in a suitable apparatus at from 20.degree. to 150.degree. C. with an extracting agent.

Abstract: Benzimidazolecarboxanilides of the formula (I) ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each H, Cl, alkyl, alkoxy, unsubstituted or alkyl-- or alkoxy-substituted phenyl or phenylalkyl, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are each H, uninterrupted or --O-- interrupted alkyl or alkoxy, unsubstituted or alkyl-- or alkoxy-substituted phenyl, phenylalkyl, phenoxy, phenylalkoxy, hydroxyalkyl, hydroxyalkoxy, alkylcarbonylamino, alkanoyloxy, benzoylamino or benzoyloxy, X is alkylene, n is 1 or 2 and where--if n is 1--R.sup.5 is Cl, --OR.sup.6 or --NR.sup.4 R.sup.8 or--if n is 2--R.sup.5 is --O--R.sup.12 --O-- or --N(R.sup.9)--R.sup.13 --N(R.sup.9 --where R.sup.6 is H, unsubstituted, OH-- or alkanoyloxy-substituted alkyl whose carbon chain may be interrupted by --O-- or --N(R.sup.9)--, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, phenylalkyl, phenoxyethyl, hydroxy alkyl, phenylhydroxyalkyl or glycidyl, R.sup.7 and R.sup.8 are H, alkyl, cycloalkyl, phenyl, naphthyl, alkenyl, phenylalkyl, hydroxyalkyl or --NR.sup.7 R.sup.

Abstract: Bis-(4-chlorophenyl) sulfone is prepared by reacting chlorobenzene with sulfuric acid at from 200.degree. to 250.degree. C. by a process in which a condensing agent is added.

Abstract: Benzimidazolecarboxanilides of the formula (I) ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each H, Cl, alkyl, alkoxy, unsubstitued or alkyl- or alkoxy-substituted phenyl or phenylalkyl, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are each H, uninterrupted or --O-- interrupted alkyl or alkoxy, unsubstituted or alkyl- or alkoxy-substituted phenyl, phenylalkyl, phenoxy, phenylalkoxy hydroxyalkyl, hydroxyalkoxy, alkylcarbonylamino, alkanoyloxy, benzoylamino or benzoyloxy, X is alkylene, n is 1 or 2 and where--if n is 1--R.sup.5 is Cl, --OR.sup.6 or --NR.sup.7 R.sup.8 or--if n is 2--R.sup.5 is --O--R.sup.12 --O-- or --N(R.sup.9)--R.sup.13 --N(R.sup.9)-- where R.sup.6 is H, unsubstituted, OH-- or alkanoyloxy-substituted alkyl whose carbon chain may be interrupted by --O-- or --N(R.sup.9)--, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, phenylalkyl, phenoxyethyl, hydroxy alkyl, phenylhydroxyalkyl or glycidyl, R.sup.7 and R.sup.8 are H, alkyl, cycloalkyl, phenyl, naphthyl, alkenyl, phenylalkyl, hydroxyalkyl or --NR.sup.7 R.sup.

Abstract: Tetrahydropyridones which in one of their tautomeric forms conform to the general formula (I) ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each independently of the other C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 -alkyl, which may be oxygen-interrupted, C.sub.5 -C.sub.6 -cycloalkyl or C.sub.7 -C.sub.12 -phenylalkyl where the phenyl is unsubstituted or monosubstituted, disubstituted or trisubstitued by C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy, fluorine, chlorine or bromine, or ##STR2## is a from 5- to 12-membered cycloaliphatic ring which may be monosubstituted, disubstituted, trisubstituted or tetrasubstituted by C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, andR.sup.3 is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or phenyl alkyl or alkanoyl, are effective stabilizers for plastics and coatings.