Abstract: Embodiments of reducing perceptible flicker are disclosed.

Abstract: One example device embodiment includes at least one first component to draw a first amount of power, at least one second component, and a power controller for allocating a second amount of power to the at least one second component to maintain a sum of the first amount of power and the second amount of power substantially constant.

Abstract: A calixarene dimer of the general formula (I-G), comprising a first calixarene moiety I and a second calixarene moiety G, wherein: L is [—CH2—] or [—O—CH2—O—] and is the same or different between each aryl group; R5 is H, NO2, halogen, or C1-C10 aliphatic hydrocarbyl group, C6-C20 aryl group, C6-C20 hydrocarbylaryl group, any of which is optionally substituted by one or more halo or oxo groups or interrupted by one or more oxo or amide groups, and R5 is the same or different on each aryl group; R1 comprises a carboxy group which is or is not protonated or protected; two groups out of R2, R3 and R4 are H; the one group out of R2, R3 and R4 not being H comprises at least one atom of one or more of O and S, the said at least one atom being capable of causing the calixarene to be adsorbed onto the surface of the substrate; and the one group out of R2, R3 and R4 not being H being conjugated to the second calixarene moiety G. The calixarene dimers may be incorporated into sensors.

Abstract: A method for assisting a mobile terminal in an unsynchronized wireless communications network to determine its location using a global positioning system (GPS) by providing a GPS receiver of the mobile terminal with reference time data is disclosed. The method includes, obtaining a first time signal that is substantially synchronized with the GPS time, determining a latency time indicative of least an approximate network latency for the transmission of the reference time data through the network to the mobile terminal; generating the reference time data based on the first time signal and the latency time; and transmitting at least the reference time data to the mobile terminal.

Abstract: A calixarene dimer of the general formula (I-G), comprising a first calixarene moiety I and a second calixarene moiety G, wherein: L is [—CH2—] or [—O—CH2—O—] and is the same or different between each aryl group; R5 is H, NO2, halogen, or C1-C10 aliphatic hydrocarbyl group, C6-C20 aryl group, C6-C20 hydrocarbylaryl group, any of which is optionally substituted by one or more halo or oxo groups or interrupted by one or more oxo or amide groups, and R5 is the same or different on each aryl group; R1 comprises a carboxy group which is or is not protonated or protected; two groups out of R2, R3 and R4 are H; the one group out of R2, R3 and R4 not being H comprises at least one atom of one or more of O and S, the said at least one atom being capable of causing the calixarene to be adsorbed onto the surface of the substrate; and the one group out of R2, R3 and R4 not being H being conjugated to the second calixarene moiety G.

Abstract: An electric arc welding apparatus for depositing molten metal from an advancing welding wire into a weld puddle in an open root between two juxtapositioned plates where the root extends in a welding path and is formed by converging walls terminating in generally parallel walls spaced to define a gap, which apparatus comprises a contact holder with a wire outlet, a switching power supply directing welding current to the wire as the wire passes from the outlet toward the open root, with the advancing wire defining an electrode stick out between the contact holder and the weld puddle, a circuit for sensing the length of the stick out, and control means for adjusting the welding current as a function of the sensed stick out length.

Abstract: A method of welding the ends of two pipes at the open root between the spaced ends by an STT electric arc welder, which comprises: selecting a welding wire having 0.06-0.15% by weight carbon, 0.90-1.40% by weight manganese, and 0.45-0.75% by weight silicon, as well as phosphorous, copper, stainless steel alloys and sulfur; maintaining the sulfur at a given percentage level of the selected wire in the specific range of 0.015 to 0.035% by weight; and maintaining said phosphorous at a given percentage level of said selected wire in the specific range of less than about 0.015%.

Abstract: An electric arc welding apparatus for depositing molten metal from an advancing welding wire into a weld puddle in an open root between two juxtapositioned plates where the root extends in a welding path and is formed by converging walls terminating in generally parallel walls spaced to define a gap, which apparatus comprises a contact holder with a wire outlet, a switching power supply directing welding current to the wire as the wire passes from the outlet toward the open root, with the advancing wire defining an electrode stick out between the contact holder and the weld puddle, a circuit for sensing the length of the stick out, and control means for adjusting the welding current as a function of the sensed stick out length.

Abstract: A seal 2 for sealing between two opposed and generally parallel surfaces, comprising a support layer 10 for location between the said opposed surfaces and a pair of sealing layers 6, 8 supported on the support layer 10 and projecting beyond an edge 2 of the support layer 10 for effecting a seal between the said opposed surfaces when the said seal 2 is located therebetween.

Abstract: A method of welding the ends of two pipes at the open root between the spaced ends by an STT electric arc welder, which comprises: selecting a welding wire having 0.06-0.15% by weight carbon, 0.90-1.40% by weight manganese, and 0.45-0.75% by weight silicon, as well as phosphorous, copper, stainless steel alloys and sulfur; maintaining the sulfur at a given percentage level of the selected wire in the specific range of 0.015 to 0.035% by weight; and maintaining said phosphorous at a given percentage level of said selected wire in the specific range of less than about 0.015%.

Abstract: An API groove seal is a metal ring of cross-section like a capital letter omega arranged so that the tips of its limbs provide the sole contact with the groove base before and after compression. The central or heel region may abut on the outer side wall of the groove. A family of seals for different pressure ratings has a common profile, differing only in respect of the thickness of the limbs.

Abstract: A process for devulcanizing a rubber vulcanizate by desulfurization involves suspending a rubber vulcanizate crumb in a solvent which preferably swells the rubber vulcanizate before or during the devulcanization reaction and adding an alkali metal, such as sodium, to the suspension. The alkali metal cleaves mono-, di- and polysulfidic cross-linkages in the rubber vulcanizate to liberate rubber polymer having a molecular weight substantially equal to that of the rubber polymer prior to vulcanization. Carbon black may also be recovered for re-use in accordance with the process of the present invention. Devulcanized rubber may be subjected to a re-vulcanization reaction without separation of rubber polymer from the solvent by addition of an appropriate curing mixture.

Abstract: An inflation apparatus is described for a labeling machine for placing labels on containers. A sealing element seals the opening of a container whereby the sealing element covers the opening without substantial insertion of the sealing element into the opening in the container. A wall in the sealing element defines an opening through the sealing element for passing an inflation gas through the sealing element and into the container. A gas supply and conduit are provided for connecting the gas supply to the opening in the sealing element. The invention is particularly suited to in-line labeling machines.

Abstract: A solid-state laser oscillator/amplifier system, which combines in a single laser crystal the operations of a narrow beam oscillator and a large volume amplifier, utilizes the polarization feature of the laser beam to effect coupling of an amplified beam out of the resonator in a manner which efficiently utilizes the whole volume of the active medium. The system generates a high brightness laser beam with high output energy contained in a small divergence angle.

Abstract: A multiple crystal, single pumping cavity laser system comprises an optical pumping cavity, several laser crystal rods disposed in the cavity and having differently sized diameters and with their axes parallel, an optical coupling device for coupling the rods in a chain of increasing diametrical size, an optical pumping source for providing an optimum pumping level for the largest rod, and attenuators for all but the largest sized rod for attenuating the energy absorbed by the smaller rods. Since all of the laser rods are disposed and pumped in a single pumping capacity, only a single pumping source is required. The housing containing the pumping cavity is thermally and mechanically isolated from the rail holding the other system components to prevent shock from being transmitted to the other components.

Abstract: A multiple crystal, single pumping cavity laser system comprises an optical pumping chamber, several laser crystal rods disposed in the chamber and having differently sized diameters and with their axes parallel, an optical coupling device for coupling the rods in a chain of increasing diametrical size, an optical pumping source for providing an optimum pumping level for the largest rod, and attenuators for all but the largest sized rod for attenuating the energy absorbed by the smaller rods. All of the laser rods are disposed and pumped in a single pumping chamber. The housing containing the pumping chamber is thermally and mechanically isolated from the rail holding the other system components to prevent shock from being transmitted to the other components.

Abstract: A film holding cassette comprises a frame having film holding means for receiving and holding a photographic plate in a first position in the frame. The frame has track means for receiving a substantially light proof front cover plate for movement between a first position substantially overlying one side of the photographic plate, and a second position adjacent the first position wherein the cover plate does not overlie the photographic plate. The track means also receives a substantially light-proof back cover plate for movement between a first position substantially overlying the other side of the photographic plate to protect the photographic plate from exposure, and a second position adjacent the first position wherein the cover plate does not overlie the photographic plate to allow entry and removal of the photographic plate from the film holding means.

Abstract: A method for recording lifelike images of human subjects comprises the steps of illuminating the subject with a light source of substantially the same color as the wavelength of the laser to thereby simulate the laser for at least a predetermined time period necessary to adapt the subject's eyes to the intensity level of the light source; extinguishing the light source; opening the shutter; and activating a pulse laser, wherein the extinguishing, opening, and activating steps are performed within a time period of approximately 0.5 seconds.

Abstract: A shutterless pulse laser holographic recording system comprises a holographic image recording medium, a high pass filter positioned between the medium and the object whose image is to be recorded, a white light source to illuminate the object, and a low pass filter between the white light source and the object. The filtering arrangement allows illumination of the object with white light before and during the holographic recording event but prevents the illumination light from reaching the medium. A method for recording is also described.

Abstract: A method of producing a real image plane hologram illuminable by a white light point source is disclosed. A transmission hologram, which is produced by either a diverging reference beam or a collimated reference beam, is positioned relative to a reconstruction beam which is the conjugate time reversed beam of the reference beam used to create the real image on the transmission hologram. A mask defining a generally elliptically-shaped opening is placed over the transmission hologram to construct the real image. A photographic plate is positioned in a plane generally parallel to the plane containing the transmission hologram, approximately at the location of the reconstructed real image. A converging reference beam is then directed at the photographic plate to create a real image plane hologram. The real image can be reconstructed from the real image plane hologram by illuminating it with a diverging white light point source at the conjugate time reversed position of the converging reference beam.