Abstract: Methods of electroless plating metal on a dielectric material includes dipping the dielectric in a solution containing attractive catalytic metal particles and a metal salt solution. A thicker metallic layer can be deposited on top of the resulting layer by electroplating. Electrical circuits and multichip modules including such circuits can be formed having one or more dielectric layers comprised of latex and one or more layers of conductive leads, one or more dielectric layers comprised of a flexible dielectric material, and one or more layers of electrically conductive material patterned to interconnect such ICs. Frames that hold ICs against a substrate may be employed to planarize their top surfaces against the substrate, as well as standard photolithographic techniques in creating conductive paths on the dielectric material between the ICs.

Abstract: Methods of electroless plating metal on a dielectric material includes dipping the dielectric in a solution containing attractive catalytic metal particles and a metal salt solution. A thicker metallic layer can be deposited on top of the resulting layer by electroplating. Electrical circuits and multichip modules including such circuits can be formed having one or more dielectric layers comprised of latex and one or more layers of conductive leads, one or more dielectric layers comprised of a flexible dielectric material, and one or more layers of electrically conductive material patterned to interconnect such ICs. Frames that hold ICs against a substrate may be employed to planarize their top surfaces against the substrate, as well as standard photolithographic techniques in creating conductive paths on the dielectric material between the ICs.

Abstract: Systems and methods for the communication and recovery of supplementary data encoded in the primary information transmitted from a source to a receiver for both audio and television transmissions. The method includes modulating a carrier signal with the supplementary data using a spread spectrum approach and demodulating the carrier signal to recover the embedded supplementary data.

Abstract: Method of forming a ferromagnetic layer on at least one surface of a dielectric material that may be serve as an inductive core on a printed circuit board or a multichip module. Conductive leads can form two separate coils around the core to form a transformer, and a planar conducing sheet can be placed on or between one or more of the dielectric layers as magnetic shielding. The core can be formed at least in part by electroless plating, and electroplating can be used to add a thicker layer of less conductive ferromagnetic material. Ferromagnetic layers are formed by dipping the dielectric surface in a solution containing catalytic metal particles having a slight dipole, and placing the surface in a metal salt to cause a layer containing metal to be electrolessly plated upon the dielectric. Surface roughening techniques can be used before the dipping to help attract the catalytic particles.

Abstract: The edge timing of a clock-synthesized numerically controlled oscillator (NCO) waveform of a desired frequency is corrected to coincide more precisely with that of an ideal waveform of the desired frequency by providing an NCO output signal to a controllable delay line, determining from the NCO output signal an offset time of the NCO clock signal from that of the ideal waveform, and controlling delay of the delay line so that the output signal has an edge substantially coincident with the ideal waveform. Using delays which are small fractions of a system clock interval, direct digital synthesis of frequencies near the clock frequency is achieved. Preferably, the delay is performed with a tapped delay line, which may be implemented as a chain of transistors in a monolithic device. In a preferred embodiment, remaining periodic phase variations are further suppressed by randomizing the tap selection sufficiently to suppress sideband spurs.

Abstract: A direct sequence spread spectrum receiver for receiving an RF carrier radio signal modulated with a message signal in accordance with a code having a fundamental frequency converts the received signal to an IF signal centered about a frequency f.sub.o corresponding to the code fundamental frequency offset by a Doppler shift. The IF signal is digitized and sampled at a local clock frequency to develop N-bit digital signals. Locally generated digital phase shifted sine and cosine signals at frequency f.sub.o are multiplied by a local code to obtain local 1-bit IF signals which are then correlated with the digitized IF signals to develop in phase and quadrature component signals. A tracker uses the component signals to translate the frequency of the digital local IF signal to track the Doppler shift, to maintain the local sampling frequency at 4f.sub.o, and to maintain the local code generator in synchrony with the code of the received signal.