Abstract: Various embodiments provide for a gas purging plug (10) with a ceramic refractory body (10k) with a first end (10u) and a second end (10o); the second end (10o) is in the mounted position of the gas purging plug (10) in contact with a metal melt (41); the first end (10u) is at least partially covered with a metal cover (12.1), the metal cover (12.1) comprises an opening (16) to which optionally a gas supply adapter (20) is connected; the gas purging plug (10) is designed in such a way, that a purging gas which is supplied via the gas supply pipe (30) to the opening (16) flows through the body (10k) and exits the body (10k) at the second end (10o); and wherein at least one electronic sensor (70, 70.1, 70.2, 70.3, 70.4) is in contact with the gas purging plug (10), to detect a mechanical vibration (81).

Abstract: Gas purging system comprising a gas purging plug (10) and gas purging plug (10) for metallurgic applications and a gas supply pipe (30) connected to the gas purging plug (10), the gas purging plug (10) with a ceramic refractory body (10k) with a first end (10u) and a second end (100); the second end (100) is in the mounted position of the gas purging plug (10) in contact with a metal melt (41); the first end (10u) is at least partially covered with a metal cover (12.1), the metal cover (12.1) comprises an opening (16) to which optionally a gas supply adapter (20) is connected; the gas purging plug (10) is designed in such a way, that a purging gas which is supplied via the gas supply pipe (30) to the opening (16) flows through the body (10k) and exits the body (10k) at the second end (100); and wherein at least one electronic sensor (70, 70.1, 70.2, 70.3, 70.4) is in contact with the gas purging plug (10), to detect an oscillation waveform of a mechanical vibration (81).

Abstract: The invention is directed to an apparatus for demonstrating the visual impression for a wearer of spectacles having polarizing spectacle lenses. The apparatus includes a memory for providing a first image having a motif and a first polarization direction corresponding thereto and a second image having the same motif and a second polarization direction corresponding thereto, which is different from the first polarization direction. The apparatus also includes a display device for displaying the first image with light polarized in the first polarization direction and the second image with light polarized in the second polarization direction in a superposed representation, such that the motif of the first image and the motif of the second image coincide dimensionally identically. The invention is also directed to a method for demonstrating the visual impression for a wearer of spectacles having polarizing spectacle lenses.

Abstract: A system for stereoscopic visualization of image information includes a display device defining a display area for displaying a left and a right partial image. The display device displays the left partial image to a left eye of an observer focused on the display area in a first viewing direction using a left observation beam path and the right partial image to the right eye in a second viewing direction using a right observation beam path. The system includes a vision assist through which the left and right observation beam paths pass. The vision assist sets a beam course for the left and right viewing observation beam paths wherein, starting from the left and right eyes in a direction toward the display area, a perpendicular distance between the left and right observation beam paths decreases to a minimum at a finite distance from the display surface.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a spectacle lens and includes a body which is transparent or at least partly transparent to light and has a phase object which guides the light incident at an angle of incidence ? on a side facing away from an observer into a direction depending on the wavelength ? of the light and the angle of incidence ? thereof. The phase object has a multiplicity of diffraction structures, which diffract monochromatic light at a wavelength of 380 nm???800 nm with a diffraction efficiency of ??70% into one and same order of diffraction |m|?1 when the monochromatic light is incident at an angle of incidence ? on the side of the lens facing away from the observer which lies within a diffraction-structure-specific angle interval 15° wide and dependent on the wavelength of the light.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a spectacle lens and includes a body which is transparent or at least partly transparent to light and has a phase object which guides the light incident at an angle of incidence ? on a side facing away from an observer into a direction depending on the wavelength ? of the light and the angle of incidence ? thereof. The phase object has a multiplicity of diffraction structures, which diffract monochromatic light at a wavelength of 380 nm???800 nm with a diffraction efficiency of ??70% into one and same order of diffraction |m|?1 when the monochromatic light is incident at an angle of incidence ? on the side of the lens facing away from the observer which lies within a diffraction-structure-specific angle interval 15° wide and dependent on the wavelength of the light.

Abstract: The invention is directed to an apparatus for demonstrating the visual impression for a wearer of spectacles having polarizing spectacle lenses. The apparatus includes a memory for providing a first image having a motif and a first polarization direction corresponding thereto and a second image having the same motif and a second polarization direction corresponding thereto, which is different from the first polarization direction. The apparatus also includes a display device for displaying the first image with light polarized in the first polarization direction and the second image with light polarized in the second polarization direction in a superposed representation, such that the motif of the first image and the motif of the second image coincide dimensionally identically. The invention is also directed to a method for demonstrating the visual impression for a wearer of spectacles having polarizing spectacle lenses.

Abstract: A system for stereoscopic visualization of image information includes a display device defining a display area for displaying a left and a right partial image. The display device displays the left partial image to a left eye of an observer focused on the display area in a first viewing direction using a left observation beam path and the right partial image to the right eye in a second viewing direction using a right observation beam path. The system includes a vision assist through which the left and right observation beam paths pass. The vision assist sets a beam course for the left and right viewing observation beam paths wherein, starting from the left and right eyes in a direction toward the display area, a perpendicular distance between the left and right observation beam paths decreases to a minimum at a finite distance from the display surface.