Abstract: Amplitude noise is dramatically reduced in an optically pumped modelocked laser arrangement by incorporating an intra-cavity or external cavity mode selection element with a continuous-wave pump laser coupled optically to a modelocked laser. The mode selection element causes a light beam generated from the pump laser to operate nominally at a single frequency, that is, substantially a single longitudinal mode. Mode selection may be realized with an air-spaced or solid material Fabry-Perot etalon.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of joining together a ceramic component and a metal component. According to the invention a surface of the ceramic component is metallized with a metallizing metal to form a metallized layer thereon. The metal component is then thermocompression bonded to the metallized layer, optionally after the metallized layer is plated with a continuous metal layer. For electrochemical cell applications, the ceramic component is typically alpha-alumina, the metal of the metallized layer is typically selected from tantalum, titanium, vanadium, tungsten and molybdenum, and the metal component typically comprises, in metallic or alloy form, at least one of iron, nickel, cobalt, chromium, manganese or copper.

Abstract: A penetration sensor is disclosed which contains first and second transducers sandwiched around a layer which capacitively isolates the individual transducers. This sensing arrangement allows for the operational state of the sensor to be tested by applying an interrogation signal to each of the transducers.

Abstract: A method for simplifying key management in situations where unique cryptographic keying relationships are required end-to-end between pairs of parties and a symmetric encryption algorithm is to be used. It is useful in cases where the parties come from disjoint subsets of the total population of parties. The method provides some of the characteristics of a public key crypto system (PKS) utilizing the public identities of the parties as part of the key, but lacks the property of PKS which allows a party to independently generate a secret key which is known only to that party.

Abstract: An antimicrobial composition which includes silver as the antimicrobial agent also includes a hydratable or hydrated oxide as a promoter to enhance the antimicrobial effect. Such compositions may be used to coat appliances such as catheters or may be incorporated in bone cements.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of manufacturing an electrochemical cell housing wherein a beta-alumina tube has an open end attached to a casing via an alpha-alumina ring. In the method the alpha-alumina ring is thermocompression bonded to a metal ring by hot isostatic pressing, the alpha-alumina ring is then glass welded to the open end of the tube, and the metal ring is metal welded to the casing. The invention also provides a cell housing wherein a beta-alumina tube is located in spaced relationship within a metal casing. The tube is glass welded to an alpha-alumina ring which is thermocompression bonded on a curved radially facing surface thereof to a metal ring, the metal ring being metal welded to the casing.

Abstract: A security module for use in an electronic funds transfer terminal is contained in a tamper-resistant housing. The module has a PIN pad and is designed to encrypt secret data, such as users personal identity numbers (PINs), so that other terminal processes cannot gain access to it. The encryption functions are carried out in a security controller which includes its own microprocessor and encryption/decryption unit.

Abstract: A fuel control system for an internal combustion engine fuelled by a gaseous fuel and a liquid fuel, comprises liquid fuel flow rate control means, and gaseous fuel flow rate control means. The liquid fuel and gaseous fuel flow rate control means are adapted to control the relative proportions of each fuel supplied to the engine, and permit the relative proportion of liquid fuel to be varied in the range having an upper limit of substantially 100%. The gaseous fuel flow rate control means includes gaseous fuel flow rate determination means which is responsive to engine variables, such as engine speed and throttle position to determine from said variables a desired gaseous fuel flow rate. The gaseous fuel flow rate determination means is adapted to generate a signal indicative of said desired gaseous fuel flow rate. This signal can be used to actuate a valve controlling the gaseous fuel flow rate.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a semiconductor structure which reduces substrate current injection from lateral bipolar transistors. A buried layer of a first conductivity type is formed in a semiconductor substrate of opposite conductivity. An epitaxial layer of the first conductivity type is formed such that at least a portion of the epitaxial layer overlies the buried layer. Isolation oxide regions are formed in a epitaxial layer. The isolation oxide regions extend to the substrate to define an island of electrically isolated epitaxial material. A selected impurity of the first conductivity type is introduced into that portion of the epitaxial layer beneath the to-be-formed lateral transistor. The lateral transistor is formed in the epitaxial layer.

Abstract: Direct measurements of electronic device and material response times are made by using high speed photoconductors as both pulse generators and sampling gates.

Abstract: An improved, selective, radiation sensing device is provided which includes a thin strip of pyroelectric material. One side of the material is coated with a continuous layer of metallic material to form an electrode while the opposite side is coated with at least a pair of electrodes and the output of the electrodes are electrically connected to a differential amplifier. A layer of energy filter material is applied over the continuous electrode. This layer is transparent to all energy outside of a desired energy frequency band to which the device is to be sensitive but absorbs and converts to heat all energy applied which is within this band. This heat is conducted quickly into the pyroelectric material which produces a voltage change in the output from the corresponding electrodes.

Abstract: An improved, selective, radiation sensing device is provided which includes a thin strip of pyroelectric material. One side of the material is coated with a continuous layer of metallic material to form an electrode while the opposite side is coated with at least a pair of electrodes and the output of the electrodes are electrically connected to a differential amplifier. A layer of energy filter material is applied over the continuous electrode. This layer is transparent to all energy outside of a desired energy frequency band to which the device is to be sensitive but absorbs and converts to heat all energy applied which is within this band. This heat is conducted quickly into the pyroelectric material which produces a voltage change in the output from the corresponding electrodes.

Abstract: This invention relates to a motorized actuator in which the motor shaft is drivably connected with the output shaft through an intermediate shaft assembly.The motor shaft assembly includes a worm and wormwheel which is formed with cut-outs each drivably receiving the extended ends of some of the teeth of a pinion which forms part of the intermediate shaft assembly. The pinion is at all times in driving engagement with a gear on the output shaft and is axially movable by a lever to disengage the motor drive so as to allow independent manual operation of the pinion and thereby the output shaft by a handwheel mounted on a shaft. The shaft is drivably coupled with a wormwheel which is in driving engagement with the pinion by means of the driving lugs.

Abstract: A process for simultaneously fabricating epitaxial resistors, base resistors, and vertical transistor bases in a semiconductor substrate utilizes the stopping power of different layers of materials to determine the location of impurity concentrations induced by ion implantation.