Abstract: An apparatus for purifying a process gas containing at least one pollutant gas, having a reactor vessel, has a cylindrical region and a tapering region, and into which oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas can be introduced as a reaction gas into at least one gas inlet and can be discharged through at least one gas outlet. The at least one gas inlet introduces a defined volumetric flow of the reaction gas into the reactor vessel tangentially to a circumferential surface of the cylindrical region. The apparatus may have a pollutant gas inlet, which introduces a defined volumetric flow of the process gas containing at least one pollutant gas into the reactor vessel, so that the at least one pollutant gas and the reaction gas are mixed with each other in the direction of the gas outlet and chemically react with each other on their way through the reactor vessel.

Abstract: The invention relates to a scotch yoke fluid device (10). The scotch yoke fluid device (10) has a crank (11) with a big end having an axis (14) which orbits around a main axis (15) for the crank (11). Connecting means (13) are mounted on the big end axis (14). There is at least one piston (22) mounted for reciprocating motion in a cylinder (18) along a piston axis. The piston has a cross-sectional area perpendicular to the piston axis. The piston also has guide means (16) which include a linear surface transverse to the piston axis. The guide means (16) engage engagement means on the connecting means. There is at least one restraining means (24) for constraining the piston (22) to move along the piston axis. The restraining means (24), or a constraining means (19) for the restraining means (24), or both, always extend into a volume defined by the swept area of the crank (11), projected along the main axis (15) of the crank (11).

Abstract: The invention has many aspects. One aspect is that of an internal combustion engine (8010) that has a piston (8020) within a cylinder (8022) and has a crankcase (8012), defining a combustion chamber (8024) and crank volume (8026). A passageway (8032 and 8034) links the combustion chamber (8024) and the crank volume (8026). There is provided valve means (8038) for selectively closing the linking passageway and valve means (8030) for selectively closing and inlet to the crank volume (8026). In another aspect, there is an improvement to a scotch yoke fluid device. A displaceable member for relieving pressure in a variable volume chamber in the cylinder where combustion is occurring is provided. The invention includes a method of varying power output of a scotch yoke device, by choosing cylinder angle, pin angle and firing order in various ways. The invention also deals with other aspects of scotch yoke designs.

Abstract: The invention provides a scotch yoke type fluid device which includes a scotch yoke element. The scotch yoke element may be a channel, a rail, a channel and a rail, a bore or a bore and a rail. The scotch yoke element defines a longitudinal path, along which the big end of the device reciprocates, relative to the piston. The device includes restricting means which move along a defined path and which constrain the piston or the scotch yoke element or a connecting rod for the piston to move along the defined path. At least part of the restricting means is located transversely of the longitudinal path of the scotch yoke element, and within the piston footprint.

Abstract: A scotch yoke type fluid device where the or each piston (32) has its own slider (18) and its own pair of sliding surfaces (30) disposed on the same side of the big end bearing (16) of the crank (12). The main crank axis (14) is movable along a path such that the pistons are neither substantially retarded nor advanced. The effective centre of mass of the crank, piston and slider remains stationary relative to the crank axis. Guide means (2030) constrain each piston to move along its piston axis. The guide means is transverse of the sliding surfaces (30) and engages crankcase mounted guides. An intermediate member may interconnect the piston and the slides capable of adjusting the intermediate member to change the compression ratio. For a device having opposed pistons, the yoke (6060) attached to the two pistons is split into two parts (6062a, 6062b) releasably held together.