Abstract: The invention relates to the use of a brass alloy with a high degree of cold workability for sanitary pipes, comprising 60.5-63.2% Cu, 2%-3.7% Pb, the balance Zn, plus normal impurities, wherein the effective copper equivalent is 63%-64.5% Cu. The use of cheap scrap in production of the alloy is possible by virtue of admitting lead and impurities. A very good degree of cold workability is afforded by virtue of the copper equivalent which is comparable to that of MS 63. The use of cheap return scrap causes the production costs for the alloy to be significantly below those of MS 63.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of manufacturing a copper-nickel-silicon alloy with a composition Cu (balance), Ni 1.5-5.5%, Si 0.2-1.05, Fe 0-0.5% and Mg 0-0.1% (all in percent by weight), and use of the alloy for pressure-englazable casings. The method permits an alloy with a very high elastic limit with very good conductivity and good cold reformability and differs from the conventional method of manufacturing such alloys by heating to about 950.degree. C. and fairly rapid cooling after a preceding cold rolling operation. An improvement in the properties can be achieved by ageing of the alloy at 300.degree. C. to 600.degree. C. for several hours.

Abstract: A copper-zinc alloy for semi-finished products and articles which are highly loaded and subjected to extreme wear especially synchronizing rings. The alloy possesses a composition of 40 to 65% Cu, 8 to 25% Ni, 2.5 to 5% Si, 0 to 3% Al, 0 to 3% Fe, 0 to 2% Mn and 0 to 2% Pb, with the balance being zinc and unavoidable impurities. The Ni:Si ratio is about 3 to 5:1, and the structure consists of at least 75% .beta.-phase, with the balance .alpha.-phase, in the absence of a .gamma.-phase. Nickel silicides occur predominantly as a round intermetallic phase. The alloy provides quite substantially higher levels of resistance to wear.

Abstract: Deflection of laser beams, irrespective as to whether this is implemented within or externally of the laser itself; necessitating the utilization of metal mirrors or reflectors of high-quality which, in short, are designated as laser mirrors or reflectors. Laser mirrors of that type require an extremely good mirror surface, a high reflective capability and a good geometric planicity, as well as a high surface hardness. Brass possessing an inherently known microduplex matrix or grain structure provides a significant improvement in the properties of laser mirrors. A material of that type has, by nature, a microcrystalline structure, possesses a freedom from stresses, a high degree of stiffness, and a good material hardness.

Abstract: Utilization of a copper-zinc alloy for semifinished materials and semi-manufactured articles; especially synchronizing rings. The copper-zinc alloy is essentially constituted of 50 to 65% copper, 1 to 6% aluminum, 0.5 to 5% silicon, 5 to 8% nickel, as well as selectively 0 to 1% iron, 0 to 2% lead, 0 to 2% manganese, all in percent by weight, with zince as the remainder, as well as unavoidable impurities, whereby the nickel is overwhelmingly present in an intermetallic composition with silicon (nickel-silicide). The silicides are in round, uniformly distributed fine precipitate form.

Abstract: Deflection of laser beams, irrespective as to whether this is implemented within or externally of the laser itself; necessitating the utilization of metal mirrors or reflectors of high-quality which, in short, are designated as laser mirrors or reflectors. Laser mirrors of that type require an extremely good mirror surface, a high reflective capability and a good geometric planicity, as well as a high surface hardness. Brass possessing an inherently known microduplex matrix or grain structure provides a significant improvement in the properties of laser mirrors. A material of that type has, by nature, a microcrystalline structure, possesses a freedom from stresses, a high degree of stiffness, and a good material hardness.

Abstract: A brass alloy, a process for the production of a brass material or semi-finished brass product from that type of a brass alloy, as well as to the utilization of the brass material; in essence, the brass alloy for semi-finished products and semi-finished articles, which in addition to a good workability must possess a high resistance to wear, especially when employed for synchronous rings. The foregoing is possible through the intermediary of entirely determined contents of chromium and/or zircon in the previously described brass alloy. The chromium contents hereby vary, on the one hand, in dependence upon the silicon contents, and on the other hand, however, also to a lesser measure upon the remaining alloy components within the range of between 0.01 to 0.15% by weight, and preferably between 0.05 and 0.1% by weight.

Abstract: A brass material and a process for the preparation thereof, which comprises an alloy of 61 to 65% by weight of copper with the remainder being zinc; the material evidencing a structure in which the recrystallized phases .alpha. and .beta..sub.1 are present in a discrete fine mixture having grain sizes of less than 5 .mu.m. The component of the .beta..sub.1 phase comprises at least 10% of the structure and is arranged in the form of discrete particles in the grain boundaries of the .alpha. phase.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a copper-zinc material consists of setting out with an alloy having a theoretical copper content of 61 to 65%, preferably 62% by weight, with the remainder being zinc and common impurities. This alloy is initially cast and, if necessary, subjected to an .alpha. stabilizing annealing. After subsequent cold working in one or a few operative steps with a degree of deformation of at least 70%, the alloy is subjected to a heat treatment so as to lead to a .beta..sub.1 precipitation and recrystallization. The alloy then evidences a structure in which the recrystallized phases .alpha. and .beta..sub.1 are present as a discrete fine mixture. Thereafter, the alloy can be again cold worked and annealed.

Abstract: A brass material and a process for the preparation thereof, which comprises an alloy of 61 to 65% by weight of copper with the remainder being zinc; the material evidencing a structure in which the recrystallized phases .alpha. and .beta..sub.1 are present in a discrete fine mixture having grain sizes of less than 5 .mu.m. The component of the .beta..sub.1 phase comprises at least 10% of the structure and is arranged in the form of discrete particles in the grain boundaries of the .alpha. phase.