Abstract: A micromechanical component includes a one-piece surface structure that is created on a substrate. The one-piece surface structure is attached to the surface of the substrate by at least two anchoring areas. The anchoring areas are a small distance apart, which is comparatively small in comparison with the lateral dimension of the surface structure. The surface structure has movable electrodes. Opposite them there are rigid electrodes that are attached to the substrate by additional anchoring areas. The additional anchoring areas also have a small distance between one another and to the anchoring areas.

Abstract: A sensor includes a first silicon layer, and a sensor element including at least one electrode structured from the first silicon layer. The sensor also includes at least one connecting element also structured from the first silicon layer. The connecting element has a doping less than the doping of the electrode. The sensor comprises at least one conductor track on the first silicon layer routed over the connecting element and coupled to the sensor element for supplying an external signal.

Abstract: An electronic arithmetic unit, such as an ALU, a processor, a controller, or the like, is for the arithmetic gating (combining) of digital operands coded by code bits and supplied via at least one data bus to form data words likewise coded by code bits. The arithmetic gating of the bits of the operands takes place in stages, and in each stage, at least one carry bit is generated. A code-generating unit generates the code bits of the result word from the coded operands while taking into consideration the required operation of the code bits. An additional circuit for duplicated carry generation is assigned to the individual stages. In addition, a testing device is provided for checking the duplicated carry bits for identity.