Abstract: The present invention relates to a method to determine geometrical parameters of an object under study by radiography, the object can be described geometrically, wherein intercepts that go through the material of the object under study can be determined from a projection of the object—e.g. a tube—imaged by an X- or gamma-radiation source if exposition data of the radiographic image are available. These intercepts that go through the material of the object—i.e. the intercept curves—allow that the object under study—e.g. the tube—have a dimension that is larger than the dimension of the device (film/detector) used to take the radiographic image. During the course of said method, the source of radiation, the object under study and the device (film/detector) used to take the radiographic image are in a fixed position.

Abstract: The present invention relates to combined moderator/target structures that significantly increase the initial energy spectrum of neutrons generated in a nuclear reactor within the thermal range of said spectrum. Said combined moderator/target structures can be applied in all cases, wherein the neutron-capture cross-section of the target—or a certain isotope therein—is at least 2.0 barn for thermal neutrons.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method to determine geometrical parameters of an object under study by radiography, the object can be described geometrically, wherein intercepts that go through the material of the object under study can be determined from a projection of the object—e.g. a tube—imaged by an X- or gamma-radiation source if exposition data of the radiographic image are available. These intercepts that go through the material of the object—i.e. the intercept curves—allow that the object under study—e.g. the tube—have a dimension that is larger than the dimension of the device (film/detector) used to take the radiographic image. During the course of said method, the source of radiation, the object under study and the device (film/detector) used to take the radiographic image are in a fixed position.

Abstract: The method according to the invention is accomplished via neutrons produced in a nuclear reactor and moderated to thermal energy level in such a way that a target to be irradiated can also be arranged outside of the reactor shell, within a cassette and/or a container suitable for this purpose. This solution can remarkably increase the production capacity, but can be applied for irradiation channels as well. The disclosure teaches the production of lanthanides and platinum metals, however, other species, e.g. Re, can also be produced. In the technological process the target (mother element) is commercially less valuable than the product (daughter element) prepared therefrom via (n, ?) nuclear reaction. The product—practically the alloy of the mother element and daughter element(s)—can be fully separated into its constituents, element by element, by means of prior art techniques, and can be processed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to combined moderator/target structures that significantly increase the initial energy spectrum of neutrons generated in a nuclear reactor within the thermal range of said spectrum. Said combined moderator/target structures can be applied in all cases, wherein the neutron-capture cross-section of the target—or a certain isotope therein—is at least 2.0 barn for thermal neutrons.

Abstract: The method according to the invention is accomplished via neutrons (11) produced in a nuclear reactor and moderated to thermal energy level (13) in such a way that a target (6) to be irradiated can also be arranged outside of the reactor shell (1), within a cassette (5) and/or a container suitable for this purpose. This solution can remarkably increase the production capacity, but can be applied for irradiation channels as well. The disclosure teaches the production of lanthanides and platinum metals, however, other species, e.g. Re, can also be produced. In the technological process the target (mother element) is commercially less valuable than the product (daughter element) prepared therefrom via (n, gamma;) nuclear reaction. The product—practically the alloy of the mother element and daughter element(s)—can be fully separated into its constituents, element by element, by means of prior art techniques, and can be processed.

Abstract: An improved shielding structure for providing shielding from X-ray and gamma radiation, containing at least two, and possibly three layers of material, provided in specific order from the side in which X-ray or gamma radiation is received. The first layer in order has K-edge and L.sub.I -edge levels of a first range. The second layer in order has K-edge levels between the K-edge and L.sub.I -edge levels, and lower than a secondary radiation level which is emitted by the first layer. A third layer in order has K-edge levels between the K-edge and L.sub.I -edge levels of the second layer. Materials such as uranium, lead, and gold, among others, may be used in the first layer. Materials such as tin and indium, among others, may be used in the second layer. Materials such as zinc, copper, nickel, and chromium, among others, may be used in the third layer.

Abstract: Method and modifying body for influencing the effect of X-ray or gamma radiation on a target (7) sensitive to radiation, in particular for selective modification of a radiograph of an object (10). According to the invention a modifying body comprising at least two layer groups (31, . . . 3n) is arranged in front of the target, wherein each layer group (e.g., 32) emits a secondary radiation under the influence of the X-ray or gamma radiation or the secondary radiation of the previous layer group (e.g., 31), respectively, the energy of which is lying above the absorption energy level defined by the electron shell K of an element being present in the following layer group (e.g., 33) or in the target arranged behind the last layer group (3n), respectively.