Abstract: An apparatus for producing shear deformation in a work piece, the apparatus comprising: a processing channel through which the work piece passes, the processing channel including first and second channel sections which intersect at an angle to each other; a plurality of drive members configured to engage sides of the work piece to drive it through the processing channel so that the work piece passes from the first channel section to the second channel section to produce shear deformation in the work piece; and a drive surface disposed at an intersection of the first and second channel sections, the drive surface being configured to engage the work piece and advance it through the intersection, wherein opposing sides of the first channel section are defined by a pair of die faces relative to which the drive members are rotatably fixed, the separation of the die faces being variable in response to thickness variations of the work piece to maintain drive of the work piece through the processing channel.

Abstract: A compound of formula (1), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein: —Ar is a substituted heteroaryl group bearing at least one nitro or azido group or is a benzoquinone, naphthoquinone or fused heterocyloquinone; -R1 is hydrogen, optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted alkenyl, optionally substituted alkynyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycloalkyl, optionally substituted aryl or optionally substituted heteroaryl; -R2 is a glycoside, OH, optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted alkoxy, C2-C8 alkenyl, C1-C8 hydroxyalkyl, optionally substituted arylamino, optionally substituted aryl C1-C4 alkylamino or hydroxyalkylamino; and -R3 and R4 are each independently H or halo.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a compound of formula (1), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, Formula: (1); wherein: R1 is a substituted aryl or heteroaryl group bearing at least one nitro or azido group or is an optionally substituted benzoquinone, optionally substituted naphthoquinone or optionally substituted fused heterocycloquinone: R2 is H, optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted alkenyl, optionally substituted alkynyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl; and R3 is selected such that R3NH2 represents a cytotoxic nucleoside analogue or an ester or phosphate ester prodrug of a cytotoxic nucleoside analogue, with the proviso that if R1 is an aryl group then R2 is not H.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are described for forming a structure on a substrate. The structure may be a circuit element. The method uses a digital specification 910 for forming the structure, including specifications for printing and curing. The structure is printed (step 112) using a drop-on-demand printer 400, wherein the printing dispenses at least one material on the substrate 420 according to the digital specification 910. The structure is cured (step 130) by irradiating the dispensed material from one or more electromagnetic radiation sources 520, 525 in the printer 400, wherein curing parameters are specified by the digital specification 910 to obtain a desired electrical property when the structure is a circuit element. The curing specification may specify the intensity of the irradiation and the location of irradiation points in the print region.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a compound of formula (1), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein: Ar is a substituted aryl or heteroaryl group bearing at least one nitro or azido group or is a group of formula (2) or (3) wherein R1, and R2, which may be the same or different are independently optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted alkenyl, optionally substituted alkynyl, aryl, COR3 or, together with the intervening carbon atom, form an optionally substituted heterocycloalkyl or carbocyclic ring; L is —OC(O)— or —OP(O)(OR6)—; n is 0 or 1; X is 0, S, NR7 or a single covalent bond; R3 is OR4 or NR4R5; R4, R5, R6 and R7 are each independently hydrogen or optionally substituted alkyl or, where Rr is NR4R5, R4 and R5 can be joined to form, together with the intervening nitrogen atom, a heterocycloalkyl ring; R8 is hydrogen, alkoxy or dialkylaminoalkyl; R9 is optionally substituted alkyl; Rio is hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy or dialkylaminoalkyl; R11 and R12 are independently hydrogen, alky

Abstract: A compound of formula (1), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein Ar is a substituted heteroaryl group bearing at least one nitro or azido group or is a group of formula (2) or (3); R1 is hydrogen, optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted aryl or optionally substituted heteroaryl; R2 is alkyl, alkoxy, thialkoxy or halo; R3, R4 and R5 are each independently alkyl, alkoxy, thialkoxy or halo with the proviso that at least two of R3, R4 or R5 are alkoxy; L is —OC(O)— or —OP(O)(OR6)—; n is 0 or 1; X is O, S or NR7; Y is hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, thialkoxy, halo, hydroxy or dihydrogenphosphate; R6 is hydrogen or alkyl; R7 is hydrogen or alkyl; R8 is hydrogen, alkoxy or dialkylaminoalkyl; R9 is optionally substituted alkyl; R10 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy or dialkylaminoalkyl; R11, and R12 are independently hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, thialkoxy, amono alkylamino, dialkylamino, morpholino, alkylmorpholino, piperidino, alkylpiperidiono, piperazino, alkylpiperazino or 1-aziridinyl; and A, togethe

Abstract: Apparatus for making an infusion, e.g. tea or coffee, and having a piston and cylinder for blowing air through the infusion and then drawing it through a filter base, the cylinder having a flange which is slidably received between arms of a support, the flange having in its opposed side faces grooves which receive inward facing flanges on the arms and there being a disconnectable connection between the piston connecting rod and its operating crank so that, when said connection is disconnected, the cylinder can be mounted on and removed from the apparatus.