Abstract: A control device (10, 20), for actuating an electrochemical gas generator cell (11), is configured to output a first control signal (Igen), which brings about the generation of an electrical operating voltage at the electrochemical gas generator cell (11), for an operating phase of the electrochemical gas generator cell (11). The electrical operating voltage is at least equal to an electrolysis voltage (Uele) of the electrochemical gas generator cell (11). The control device (10, 20) is further configured to output a second control signal (IRuhe, Upre), which brings about the generation of an electrical bias voltage (Upre) at the electrochemical gas generator cell (11), for a rest phase of the electrochemical gas generator cell (11). The electrical bias voltage (Upre) is lower than the electrolysis voltage (Uele). Further aspects pertain to systems (40a) and processes (50, 60, 70) for operating electrochemical gas generator cells (110).

Abstract: A heat tone sensor includes a housing with a gas inlet and with a gas outlet as well as a device for generating a gas stream of a gas to be tested between the gas inlet and the gas outlet. A measuring element, around and/or through which the gas stream flows, is configured to catalytically burn at least a portion of the gas stream and to send a measurement signal. The measurement signal indicates a quantity of heat released in the process.

Abstract: A gas measuring device (100, 400). The gas measuring device (100, 400) includes a chemical gas sensor (103, 417) and a testing unit (101). The testing unit (101) includes a base, a gas duct arrangement arranged at the base with a first gas duct (111, 401) and with at least one additional gas duct (113, 405) and at least one electrochemical gas generator (105, 403, 407). The at least one gas generator (105, 403, 407) is configured to send at least one test gas into the first gas duct (111, 401) in a first state and into the at least one additional gas duct (113, 405) in an additional state. The first gas duct (111, 401) and the at least one additional gas duct (113, 405) are each configured to send at least one gas to the gas sensor (103, 417). The first gas duct (111, 401) differs from the at least one additional gas duct (113, 405).

Abstract: A control device (10, 20), for actuating an electrochemical gas generator cell (11), is configured to output a first control signal (Igen), which brings about the generation of an electrical operating voltage at the electrochemical gas generator cell (11), for an operating phase of the electrochemical gas generator cell (11). The electrical operating voltage is at least equal to an electrolysis voltage (Uele) of the electrochemical gas generator cell (11). The control device (10, 20) is further configured to output a second control signal (IRuhe, Upre), which brings about the generation of an electrical bias voltage (Upre) at the electrochemical gas generator cell (11), for a rest phase of the electrochemical gas generator cell (11). The electrical bias voltage (Upre) is lower than the electrolysis voltage (Uele). Further aspects pertain to systems (40a) and processes (50, 60, 70) for operating electrochemical gas generator cells (110).

Abstract: An electrochemical gas generator for ammonia with the use of ionic liquids containing nitrate ions as the electrolyte and to the use of the gas generator for generating gaseous ammonia, especially for testing the function of and/or calibrating gas sensors.

Abstract: An electrochemical gas sensor (10) includes a housing (20) and with at least one electrode (21, 22). The housing (20) has a gas inlet (23). An at least strongly acidic, liquid electrolyte (30) is present in the gas sensor (10). The electrolyte (30) partly wets the electrode (21, 22). Provisions are made in such a gas sensor (10) for the electrolyte (30) to contain an additive that contains at least one surfactant. An electrolyte (30) is also provided for a gas sensor (10), which electrolyte (30) contains at least one surfactant as an additive.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for testing a gas sensor by exposure to a test gas by a test device. The invention also relates to a test device for testing a gas sensor by applying a test gas. The invention also relates to a system comprising a gas sensor and a test device for testing the gas sensor by applying a test gas.

Abstract: An electrochemical gas sensor (10) includes a housing (20) and with at least one electrode (21, 22). The housing (20) has a gas inlet (23). An at least strongly acidic, liquid electrolyte (30) is present in the gas sensor (10). The electrolyte (30) partly wets the electrode (21, 22). Provisions are made in such a gas sensor (10) for the electrolyte (30) to contain an additive that contains at least one surfactant. An electrolyte (30) is also provided for a gas sensor (10), which electrolyte (30) contains at least one surfactant as an additive.

Abstract: A heat tone sensor includes a housing with a gas inlet and with a gas outlet as well as a device for generating a gas stream of a gas to be tested between the gas inlet and the gas outlet. A measuring element, around and/or through which the gas stream flows, is configured to catalytically burn at least a portion of the gas stream and to send a measurement signal. The measurement signal indicates a quantity of heat released in the process.

Abstract: A calibrating device (1) for a breath alcohol measuring device (25) as well as a system including such a calibrating device (1) and a breath alcohol measuring device (25) are shown and described. A test gas container (3), which provides a test gas, which can flow via an outlet (5) into an inlet (11) of a measuring adapter (9), is provided in the calibrating device (1). A measuring adapter (9) forms a flow path (17), in which the test gas is subjected to a dynamic pressure. The measuring adapter (9) is configured for being connected to a breath alcohol measuring device (25), which triggers a measurement when the dynamic pressure of the test gas reaches a pressure threshold value of the breath alcohol measuring device (25).

Abstract: An electrochemical gas sensor (10) includes a housing (20) and with at least one electrode (21, 22). The housing (20) has a gas inlet (23). An at least strongly acidic, liquid electrolyte (30) is present in the gas sensor (10). The electrolyte (30) partly wets the electrode (21, 22). Provisions are made in such a gas sensor (10) for the electrolyte (30) to contain an additive that contains at least one surfactant. An electrolyte (30) is also provided for a gas sensor (10), which electrolyte (30) contains at least one surfactant as an additive.

Abstract: An electrochemical gas generator for ammonia with the use of ionic liquids containing nitrate ions as the electrolyte and to the use of the gas generator for generating gaseous ammonia, especially for testing the function of and/or calibrating gas sensors.

Abstract: A calibrating device (1) for a breath alcohol measuring device (25) as well as a system including such a calibrating device (1) and a breath alcohol measuring device (25) are shown and described. A test gas container (3), which provides a test gas, which can flow via an outlet (5) into an inlet (11) of a measuring adapter (9), is provided in the calibrating device (1). A measuring adapter (9) forms a flow path (17), in which the test gas is subjected to a dynamic pressure. The measuring adapter (9) is configured for being connected to a breath alcohol measuring device (25), which triggers a measurement when the dynamic pressure of the test gas reaches a pressure threshold value of the breath alcohol measuring device (25).

Abstract: A device (1) and a corresponding method are provided for determining and/or monitoring the respiration rate based on measurement with more than one sensor (5, 7, 9, 13, 15). The device may be part of a monitor for determining and/or monitoring the respiration rate. The second and/or additional sensors are different form the first sensor and have a different manor of operation from the first sensor.

Abstract: A gas sensor (100) in a sensor housing (1) has a gas-permeable membrane (7) for the inlet of a gas sample to be analyzed to a measuring electrode (6). The gas sensor (100) is provided with a test gas generator (18), which has a generator housing (8). The generator housing (8) is fastened in the area of the gas-permeable membrane (7) and has a central gas outlet opening (21) for the gas sample to pass into the sensor and has outlet openings (19) directed towards the gas-permeable membrane (7) for the test gas.

Abstract: An electrochemical gas generator is provided with an electrolysis cell (1) with a housing, which is closed by a gas-permeable membrane (2) for the escape of the test or calibrating gas. A cathode (5) is provided formed of a noble metal, a mixture of noble metals or a material containing carbon. The cathode is in direct contact with an electrolyte (7) disposed in the housing. An anode (4) is provided formed of a noble metal, a mixture of noble metals or a material containing carbon. The anode is in direct contact with an electrolyte (7). The electrolyte (7) contains a carboxylic acid salt. A control unit (6) is provided that acts as a current source and which is connected to the electrodes (4, 5).

Abstract: An electrochemical gas generator is provided including an electrolysis cell (1) with a gas-impermeable housing, which is closed by a gas-permeable membrane (2) for the discharge of the test gas or calibrating gas CO. A chemically inert cathode (5) formed of a noble metal, a mixture of noble metals or a material containing carbon, is in direct contact with an electrolyte (7). An anode (4) formed of a noble metal, a mixture of noble metals or a material containing carbon, is in direct contact with a mesoxalic acid salt, the mesoxalic acid salt being in direct contact with the electrolyte (7). A control unit (6) is provided that also acts as a power source and is connected to the electrodes (4, 5).

Abstract: A gas sensor (100) in a sensor housing (1) has a gas-permeable membrane (7) for the inlet of a gas sample to be analyzed to a measuring electrode (6). The gas sensor (100) is provided with a test gas generator (18), which has a generator housing (8). The generator housing (8) is fastened in the area of the gas-permeable membrane (7) and has a central gas outlet opening (21) for the gas sample to pass into the sensor and has outlet openings (19) directed towards the gas-permeable membrane (7) for the test gas.

Abstract: An electrochemical sensor with at least one ionic liquid (4) as the electrolyte, contains at least one electrode (1), whose active surface is substantially larger than the geometric area covered by said electrode (1). The electrolyte and at least one of the electrodes (1, 2, 3) are in direct contact with the ambient atmosphere.

Abstract: A gas-measuring system contains at least one gas sensor (1) and at least one gas generator (4). The gas sensor (1) has at least one measuring surface (3), at which a target gas concentration can be measured. The gas generator (4) has at least one discharge surface (5), from which a current-proportional quantity of test gas can be discharged. The measuring surface (3) and the discharge surface (5) are designed and the gas sensor (1) and the gas generator (4) can be arranged such that the measuring surface (3) and the discharge surface (5) are in direct contact with the ambient atmosphere and the distance between the two surfaces is shorter than the extension of the smaller of the two surfaces.