Abstract: A method for reducing the incidence of colic in a pediatric subject is presented, the method including administering to a subject a nutritional composition having about 1×103 to about 1×1012 cfu/100 kcal of LA metabolizing probiotic; up to about 7 g/100 kcal of a fat or lipid; up to about 5 g/100 kcal of a protein or protein equivalent source; about 0.06 g/100 kcal to about 1.5 g/100 kcal of enriched milk product; about 5 mg/100 kcal to about 90 mg/100 kcal of a source of long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids; and about 0.015 g/100 kcal to about 1.5 g/100 kcal of a prebiotic composition.

Abstract: Provided herein are nutritional compositions comprising a protein source, a fat source, a carbohydrate source, and at least one nucleotide, wherein the protein source comprises at least one free amino acid, wherein the at least one free amino acid comprises a glutamate salt, glutamic acid, taurine, glutamine, alanine, or any combination thereof. Also provided herein are methods of promoting satiety, preventing or reducing the incidence of overweight or obesity, or preventing or reducing the incidence of diabetes in a subject comprising administering to a subject a nutritional composition comprising a protein source, a fat source, a carbohydrate source, and at least one nucleotide, wherein the protein source comprises at least one free amino acid, wherein the at least one free amino acid comprises a glutamate salt, glutamic acid, taurine, glutamine, alanine, or any combination thereof.