Abstract: A method of vaporizing liquefied natural gas includes passing liquefied natural gas through a submerged combustion vaporizer having a water bath at a bath temperature and a burner to provide a vaporized gas output at a send-out temperature, drawing water from the bath of the submerged combustion vaporizer and supplying it to an atmospheric heating tower having an ambient air temperature, returning water from the atmospheric heating tower to the bath of the submerged combustion vaporizer, modulating the operating rate of the burner of the submerged combustion vaporizer, and modulating the operating rate of the atmospheric heating tower.

Abstract: A system connects fluid heat exchange devices such as a submerged combustion LNG vaporizer and a heating tower. The fluid handling system has a first heat exchange device having a first fluid inlet and a first fluid outlet, and a second heat exchange device having a second fluid inlet and a second fluid outlet. A first conduit connects the first fluid outlet to the second fluid inlet, a first reservoir receives fluid from the first fluid outlet, a second reservoir receives fluid from the second fluid outlet, a second conduit connects the second reservoir to the first fluid inlet; and a third, fluid equalization, conduit connected to the first reservoir and the second reservoir equalizes the fluid levels in the first and second reservoirs with each other.

Abstract: A method of vaporizing liquefied natural gas includes passing liquefied natural gas through a submerged combustion vaporizer having a water bath at a bath temperature and a burner to provide a vaporized gas output at a send-out temperature, drawing water from the bath of the submerged combustion vaporizer and supplying it to an atmospheric heating tower having an ambient air temperature, returning water from the atmospheric heating tower to the bath of the submerged combustion vaporizer, modulating the operating rate of the burner of the submerged combustion vaporizer, and modulating the operating rate of the atmospheric heating tower.

Abstract: A rotary reactor of the type having a cylindrical, horizontally-oriented chamber lined with a refractory for burning materials therein and a plurality of trough-like lifters, extending along the interior surface of the chamber, for lifting and dumping sand in the chamber as the chamber rotates, a long-wearing lifter assemble which minimizes intrusion of contaminants between the lifter and the refractory.