Abstract: An enzyme for reducing cystine to cysteine is a fusion protein that includes the protein activities of thioredoxin (protein i) having KEGG database number EC 1.8.4.8 or EC 1.8.4.10 and thioredoxin reductase (protein ii) having KEGG database number EC 1.8.1.9. The thioredoxin (protein i) is the protein activity of thioredoxin 1 from E. coli and the thioredoxin reductase (protein ii) is the protein activity of the thioredoxin reductase from E. coli. The activity of the fusion protein is at least 100% of the activity of a mixture of the same but unfused individual proteins i and ii. The fusion protein has the enzyme activity to reduce cystine to cysteine. The coding sequences (cds) responsible for the activity of protein i and ii has been fused.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a method of producing and enantiomerically pure alpha-ionone. Further, the invention concerns a nucleic acid that comprises a sequence that encodes a lycopene-epsilon-cyclase (EC), a lycopene-epsilon-cyclase (EC), plasmids, which encode components of the alpha-ionone biosynthesis and a microorganism that contains heterologous nucleotide sequences which encode the enzymes geranylgeranyl-diphosphate-synthase, isopentenyl-diphosphate-isomerase (IPI), phytoene desaturase-dehydrogenase (crtI), phytoene synthase (crtB), lycopene-epsilon-cyclase (EC) and carotenoid-cleavage-dioxygenase (CCD1). Further, the invention concerns a method of producing highly pure epsilon-carotene.

Abstract: The invention relates to providing both fermentative and biotechnological methods for producing 3,4-methylized cinnamic acids, 3,4-methylized cinnamic acid esters, 3,4-dimethoxyphenethylamine, and 4-methylized cinnamic acid amides using a 4?-O-methyltransferase, optionally in combination with further enzymes, wherein the enzymes are selected by means of metabolic engineering and operation have been adapted by targeted optimization, and compositions obtained by means of the method. The invention further relates to vector systems, recombinant microorganisms or fungi, and specific nucleic acid segments and polypeptides.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a method of producing and enantiomerically pure alpha-ionone. Further, the invention concerns a nucleic acid that comprises a sequence that encodes a lycopene-epsilon-cyclase (EC), a lycopene-epsilon-cyclase (EC), plasmids, which encode components of the alpha-ionone biosynthesis and a microorganism that contains heterologous nucleotide sequences which encode the enzymes geranylgeranyl-diphosphate-synthase, isopentenyl-diphosphate-isomerase (IPI), phytoene desaturase-dehydrogenase (crtI), phytoene synthase (crtB), lycopene-epsilon-cyclase (EC) and carotenoid-cleavage-dioxygenase (CCD1). Further, the invention concerns a method of producing highly pure epsilon-carotene.

Abstract: The invention relates to providing both fermentative and biotechnological methods for producing 3,4-methylized cinnamic acids, 3,4-methylized cinnamic acid esters, 3,4-dimethoxyphenethylamine, and 4-methylized cinnamic acid amides using a 4?-O-methyltransferase, optionally in combination with further enzymes, wherein the enzymes are selected by means of metabolic engineering and operation have been adapted by targeted optimization, and compositions obtained by means of the method. The invention further relates to vector systems, recombinant microorganisms or fungi, and specific nucleic acid segments and polypeptides.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cell, which has been genetically modified relative to its wild type, so that in comparison with its wild type it is able to produce more ?-aminocarboxylic acids, more ?-aminocarboxylic acid esters or more lactams derived from ?-aminocarboxylic acids, starting from carboxylic acids or carboxylic acid esters. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method for the production of a genetically modified cell, the cells obtainable by this method, a method for the production of ?-aminocarboxylic acids, of ?-aminocarboxylic acid esters or of lactams derived from ?-aminocarboxylic acids, the ?-aminocarboxylic acids, ?-aminocarboxylic acid esters or lactams derived from ?-aminocarboxylic acids obtainable by this method, a method for the production of polyamides based on ?-aminocarboxylic acids or based on lactams and the polyamides obtainable by this method.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for ejecting a pesticide by means of a fluid chamber 3, which communicates via an electrically controlled fluid valve 48 having a spout 22. The method comprises the following steps: determining a pressure and a duration of a time interval for ejecting the pesticide, filling the pesticide into the fluid chamber 3, applying a defined pressure on the pesticide in the fluid chamber 3 and opening the fluid valve 48 by means of an electric control signal for a specific, previously determined time interval and closing the fluid valve 48 after the time interval has expired, so that a defined volume or a defined weight of the pesticide is ejected by the spout 22. The invention further relates to a spray gun for carrying out the method and to the use of said spray gun for ejecting liquid, in particular gel-like, pesticide.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a spray gun for the expulsion of a fluid, with at least one cylinder (1) in which a piston (2) is mounted movably, the cylinder (1) having formed in it a fluid chamber (3), the volume of which can be varied by means of a movement of the piston (2) and in which at least one first cylinder orifice (5) is formed, and a spray orifice which is connected to the first cylinder orifice (5) of the cylinder (1) via a connecting line (20), so that a fluid, which is received by the fluid chamber (3) and is pressed out through the first cylinder orifice (5) by the pressure exerted by the piston (2), arrives via the connecting line (20) at the spray orifice and is expelled there.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cell, which has been genetically modified relative to its wild type, so that in comparison with its wild type it is able to produce more ?-aminocarboxylic acids, more ?-aminocarboxylic acid esters or more lactams derived from ?-aminocarboxylic acids, starting from carboxylic acids or carboxylic acid esters. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method for the production of a genetically modified cell, the cells obtainable by this method, a method for the production of ?-aminocarboxylic acids, of ?-aminocarboxylic acid esters or of lactams derived from ?-aminocarboxylic acids, the ?-aminocarboxylic acids, ?-aminocarboxylic acid esters or lactams derived from ?-aminocarboxylic acids obtainable by this method, a method for the production of polyamides based on ?-aminocarboxylic acids or based on lactams and the polyamides obtainable by this method.

Abstract: The present invention relates to processes for the production of mistletoe lectin polypeptides in homologous and heterologous host systems and mistletoe lectin peptides. Further, nucleic acid molecules are provided, which encode these mistletoe lectin polypeptides, and also pharmaceutical compositions comprising mistletoe lectin nucleic acids. The present invention also relates to isolated mistletoe lectin polypeptides and pharmaceutical compositions comprising said polypeptides.

Abstract: The present invention relates to isolated mistletoe lectin polypeptides and the pharmaceutical composition comprising the polypeptides thereof. Also, the present invention relates to processes for the production of mistletoe lectin polypeptides in homologous and heterologous host systems and mistletoe lectin peptides. Further, nucleic acid molecules are provided, which encode these mistletoe lectin polypeptides, and also pharmaceutical compositions comprising mistletoe lectin nucleic acids.

Abstract: The present invention relates to processes for the production of mistletoe lectin polypeptides in homologous and heterologous host systems and mistletoe lectin peptides as such. Further, nucleic acid molecules are provided, which code for these mistletoe lectin polypeptides, and also pharmaceutical compositions which contain these mistletoe lectin polypeptides or mistletoe lectin nucleic acids. In order to produce the many mistletoe lectin isoenzymes contained in the natural mistletoe extract, which can trigger anti-tumorigenic and mood-brightening effects, in sufficient quantities, the present invention provides a process which makes it possible to produce mistletoe lectins in required quantities biotechnologically and at the same time to recreate the diversity of the natural mistletoe extract in mistletoe lectin isoenzymes.

Abstract: The present invention comprises, in one aspect, a method for testing a Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) server. According to one feature of the invention, a configuration file for testing is automatically formulated. A software application program tests the SOAP server based on the data in the configuration file. The SOAP server is thus tested repeatedly according to an automatic scheduling for the testing. In other aspects, the invention encompasses a computer apparatus, a computer readable medium, and a carrier wave configured to carry out the foregoing steps.