Abstract: A device and method for determining the defective vision of an optical system include a controllable optical element. The objective and subjective determination of the correction values are more greatly combined in that a measuring and controlling device forms a control loop with the controllable optical element, and the optical characteristics of the controllable element can be changed manually.

Abstract: A redundant cooling device, for an electrical submarine drive motor, includes a first cooling circuit and a second cooling circuit, by which thermal energy may be removed from the electric submarine drive motor. A high degree of operational security and redundancy may be provided, whereby the coolant in the first cooling circuit and the second cooling circuit flow counter-currently through a stator cooling circuit in the region of the electrical submarine drive motor.

Abstract: A device and method for determining the defective vision of an optical system include a controllable optical element. The objective and subjective determination of the correction values are more greatly combined in that a measuring and controlling device forms a control loop with the controllable optical element, and the optical characteristics of the controllable element can be changed manually.

Abstract: A redundant cooling device, for an electrical submarine drive motor, includes a first cooling circuit and a second cooling circuit, by which thermal energy may be removed from the electric submarine drive motor. A high degree of operational security and redundancy may be provided, whereby the coolant in the first cooling circuit and the second cooling circuit flow counter-currently through a stator cooling circuit in the region of the electrical submarine drive motor.

Abstract: An arrangement for laser coagulation at the ocular fundus with at least one illumination light source for an illumination beam path, with a laser arrangement for generating a sighting and therapy beam path, wherein the sighting radiation and therapy radiation have different wavelengths, with observation optics for visual observation of the ocular fundus, for selecting the coagulation site and/or for monitoring the results of coagulation, and with a protective mechanism which prevents the laser radiation from penetrating into the eye of the person administering treatment. An optical element arranged in the sighting and therapy beam path is provided as a protective device, wherein this optical element has a plurality of optically active areas whose optical characteristics differ from one another. In this way, an uncomplicated construction of the device which is characterized by an extremely high degree of safety for the treating person is achieved.