Abstract: The invention relates to an improved process for preparing triallyl cyanurate (TAC) by reacting cyanuric chloride with allyl alcohol in the presence of an alkali metal acid acceptor and in the absence of an organic solvent other than allyl alcohol. According to the invention, TAC is obtained in over 99% purity with an APHA colour number below 10 in a yield of over 90% when 3.9 to 6.0 mol of allyl alcohol and 3.0 to 3.2 equivalents of acid acceptor are used per mole of cyanuric chloride, cyanuric chloride and acid acceptor are added simultaneously or successively to anhydrous or at least 50% by weight aqueous allyl alcohol, and the reaction is performed in one or more stages at a temperature in the range of ?5 to +50° C.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for the isolation of tris(2,3-dibromopropyl)isocyanurate. The process uses an adsorbent which promotes easy conversion into a solid form of TDPI. The invention also includes to the solid TDPI product prepared in this way and its use in providing flame retardancy to plastics.

Abstract: The present invention is directed towards a method for the production of 2,4,6-trimercapto-1,3,5-triazine (TMT-H3). In particular, the method of the subject matter relates to the operation of acidifying the salts of 2,4,6-trimercapto-1,3,5-triazine in aqueous solution and in a defined pH range.

Abstract: The invention relates to triazine compounds comprising both amino- and carboxyl-containing substituents and also to a process for preparing them.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing postcrosslinked water-absorbing polymeric formations, comprising the steps of contacting water-absorbing polymeric formations P1 obtained by polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated acid-functional monomers or salts thereof in the presence of a crosslinker with a fluid F1 comprising a postcrosslinker, heating the water-absorbing polymeric formations in contact with the fluid F1 to a temperature in a range from 40 to 300° C. to obtain postcrosslinked water-absorbing polymeric formations P2, the water-absorbing polymeric formations P1 having a thermal stability, as determined in accordance with the test method described herein, of less than 3.0%.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for the isolation of tris(2,3-dibromopropyl)isocyanurate. The process uses an adsorbent which promotes easy conversion into a solid form of TDPI. The invention also includes to the solid TDPI product prepared in this way and its use in providing flame retardancy to plastics.

Abstract: The invention relates to water-soluble, chlorhexidine-containing compositions having a long shelf life. The compositions are in the form of powder, granules or tablets and consist substantially of (i) a salt of chlorhexidine with 2 moles of a sugar acid and a microbicidally active quaternary ammonium bromide, or of (ii) chlorhexidine, a sugar acid or sugar lactone, with at least 2 moles of sugar acid or sugar lactone being present per mole of chlorhexidine, and a microbicidally active quaternary ammonium bromide. Peferred compositions consist substantially of chlorhexidine digluconate and N-cetyl-N,N,N-trimethylammonium bromide (cetrimide) in a weight ratio of 1:1 to 1:10. The solid compositions are stable, with little or no p-chloroaniline splitting off during storage.

Abstract: Powdered mixtures of chlorhexidine base with selected sugar acids or lactones from the group gluconic acid or gluconolactone, lactobionic acid (I), D-galactono-&ggr;-lactone (II), L-mannono-&ggr;-lactone (III), D-(−)-gulono-&ggr;-lactone (IV), D-(+)-galacturonic acid (V) and &agr;-D-heptaglucono-&ggr;-lactone (VI). The formulations have extraordinary storage stability. New chlorhexidine salts with sugar acid anions based on (I) to (VI) and aqueous solutions of these are also described. The formulations, solutions and pure salts are used as disinfectants and to prepare disinfectants.

Abstract: The invention relates to water-soluble, chlorhexidine-containing compositions having a long shelf life. The compositions are in the form of powder, granules or tablets and consist substantially of (i) a salt of chlorhexidine with 2 moles of a sugar acid and a microbicidally active quaternary ammonium bromide, or of (ii) chlorhexidine, a sugar acid or sugar lactone, with at least 2 moles of sugar acid or sugar lactone being present per mole of chlorhexidine, and a microbicidally active quaternary ammonium bromide. Peferred compositions consist substantially of chlorhexidine digluconate and N-cetyl-N,N,N-trimethylammonium bromide (cetrimide) in a weight ratio of 1:1 to 1:10. The solid compositions are stable, with little or no p-chloroaniline splitting off during storage.

Abstract: Powdered mixtures of chlorhexidine base with selected sugar acids or lactones from the group gluconic acid or gluconolactone, lactobionic acid (I), D-galactono-&ggr;-lactone (II), L-mannono-&ggr;-lactone (III), D-(−)-gulono-&ggr;-lactone (IV), D-(+)-galacturonic acid (V) and &agr;-D-heptaglucono-&ggr;-lactone (VI). The formulations have extraordinary storage stability. New chlorhexidine salts with sugar acid anions based on (I) to (VI) and aqueous solutions of these are also described. The formulations, solutions and pure salts are used as disinfectants and to prepare disinfectants.

Abstract: A process for preventing the transfer of harmful organisms of zooplankton including the epifauna thereof and of phytoplankton including its resting stages, which are taken up with the ballast water of ships and transferred to another locality on discharge. The organisms are substantially destroyed by the addition of an agent containing a water-soluble percarboxylic acid with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, particularly an aqueous solution containing peracetic acid and/or performic acid and hydrogen peroxide, in a quantity of 0.1 to 200 mg of percarboxylic acid per liter of ballast water and allowing it to react before discharge. In a preferred embodiment, cyanide is also added to the ballast water.

Abstract: Acrolein polymer from acrolein and one or more polyhydric alcohols, characterized by release of monomeric acrolein in aqueous systems and hence by a prolonged effect on microorganisms, is prepared by adding acrolein to a reaction medium containing catalyst in dissolved form, and not allowing the temperature of the reaction medium to rise about 50.degree. C. The acrolein polymer may be used in aqueous systems as a biocide.

Abstract: Acrolein-releasing emulsion homopolymers release acrolein in aqueous systems. They are produced by adding acrolein, at least 95% by weight pure, to a solution of an alkali hydroxide, with the temperature not exceeding 25.degree. C. during the addition, and then adjusting the pH to 5 to 7 by adding a mineral acid.

Abstract: Algicides are added to water for the algicidal treatment of the water, especially swimming-pool water. The disadvantages of known methods can be avoided or reduced if chlorohexidine or a salt thereof is used as algicide. Chlorohexidine and its salts are distinguished by a broad spectrum of algicidal action at very low concentrations of use.

Abstract: A composition which is capable of releasing acrolein and is easy to handle contains (i) an acetal of acrolein with a C.sub.1-6 alcohol with 1 to 4 hydroxyl groups and (ii) an acid soluble therein and chemically compatible with a pK.sub.s value of less than 4 and (iii) is anhydrous. A preferred composition contains 2-vinyl-1,3-dioxolane as acetal, anhydrous oxalic acid, fumaric acid or maleic acid or a mixture of mono- and di(C.sub.1 - to C.sub.3 -)alkyl phosphate as acid and, in addition, a non-ionic surfactant. The acrolein is released at the site of use upon contact with for example water for the purpose of combatting microbial, vegetable and animal pests.

Abstract: The direct handling of acrolein for the purpose of combatting microbial, vegetable and animal pests in water and soil is problematic on account of the potential for danger of acrolein. According to the invention a composition which releases acrolein upon contact with water at the site of use and is easy to handle is used.The composition in accordance with the invention contains an acrolein acetal, preferably 2-vinyl-1,3-dioxolane, and a compound hydrolyzable to an acid with a pK.sub.s value of less than 4, especially one from the series of organic acid anhydrides, organic acid halides and inorganic halogen compounds forming hydrogen halide upon hydrolysis.

Abstract: Stretches of flowing water are doped with acrolein for the purpose of preventing excessive growth of plants and algae. In order to avoid transport of acrolein, acrolein is produced at the site where it is required by deacetalation of an acrolein acetal in the presence of an aqueous mineral acid. No electrical energy is necessary for this process. An acrolein acetal and an aqueous mineral acid solution are delivered from compression-proof storage tanks into a mixing chamber by the application of pressure from a pressure cylinder. The mixture is passed through a deacetalation reactor unit which includes a tubular reactor part and a container-shaped reactor part.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for implementing absolute interferometry with radiation generated by diode laser whereby relative or absolute distance measurement can be performed without need of a reference interferometer, with only a single detector, and with high precision determination of the length of the measurement distance. The method comprises modulating the radiation generated by the diode laser in such a way that the diode laser is frequency-modulated at at least one discrete frequency, which then is detected with a known phase-sensitive detection method. Due to the modulation of the original radiation of the diode laser, a second laser beam is in effect produced, with the result that a single beam path includes a measurement beam and a reference beam. Each of these beams, i.e. the measurement beam and the reference beam, is at a different frequency, but the two have parallel wave fronts, pass along exactly the same optical path in the unitary beam, and interfere at the single detector.

Abstract: Liquid acrolein, whose hazardous properties make handling difficult, is used to dose aqueous systems with acrolein in a biocidally effective concentration. Disclosed are agents which increase the ease and safety of acrolein handling and which are characterized by a content of 30 to 95% by weight acrolein and 5 to 70% by weight inorganic carrier materials. Silicas are the preferred carrier materials. The powdery or highly viscous mixture of substances will preferably exist in molded form and is additionally provided with a cladding that is impermeable to acrolein vapor. In dosing the aqueous systems, the agents are introduced directly in the water whereupon the acrolein is released.

Abstract: Calcium formate is produced in aqueous phase by reaction of calcium hydroxide with formaldehyde in the presence of hydrogen peroxide or by reaction of calcium peroxide with formaldehyde. The molar ratio of CaO or Ca(OH).sub.2 to H.sub.2 CO to H.sub.2 O.sub.2 is 1 to 2 to 1-1.2 and the molar ratio of CaO.sub.2 to H.sub.2 CO is 1 to 2. Calcium formate is obtained in an almost substantially quantitative yield and in highly pure form. The process avoids the disadvantages of prior processes for the production of calcium formate from calcium hydroxide and formaldehyde.