Abstract: A method for measuring spin of a golf ball includes obtaining at least two images of the golf ball after a golf club contacts the golf ball. The method also includes identifying the time span between the obtained at least two images to create a numerical time difference, defining an outline of the golf ball while the golf ball is in flight, finding at least one marking on the golf ball in each golf ball image, finding the rotations of the golf ball by aligning the at least one marking on the golf ball in each golf ball image, and converting the rotations of the golf ball into spin values by combining the rotations and the numerical time differences, wherein the spin values comprise at least a spin axis and a rotation angle. The spin values may then be displayed to a user.

Abstract: Loop detection systems and methods in an Ethernet Ring Protected network include, subsequent to creating a loop detection service on all nodes in the network, periodically transmitting a loop detection frame on both ports of the node; responsive to failing to receive the loop detection frame at the node, determining no loop exists in the ring; and, responsive to receiving the loop detection frame on a received port at the node, determining a loop exists in the ring and automatically implementing one or more recovery actions.

Abstract: Loop detection systems and methods in an Ethernet Ring Protected network include, subsequent to creating a loop detection service on all nodes in the network, periodically transmitting a loop detection frame on both ports of the node; responsive to failing to receive the loop detection frame at the node, determining no loop exist in the ring; and, responsive to receiving the loop detection frame on a received port at the node, determining a loop exists in the ring and automatically implementing one or more recovery actions.