Abstract: An apparatus for measuring parameters, such as moisture content or basis weight, of a fibrous web, e.g. paper or non-wovens, comprises optical elements and a wavelength selection device for selectively directing a beam of electromagnetic radiation comprising wavelengths in at least the mid infrared (MIR) spectral range through the web; an element, such as a beam stop, arranged in the path of electromagnetic radiation emerging from the web, for separating directly transmitted from scattered electromagnetic radiation; a collector for collecting the scattered radiation; and at least one detector for detecting the scattered radiation collected by the collector.

Abstract: A press device includes a base assembly having a base die component configured to form a workpiece and a punch assembly movable relative to the base assembly during a pressing operation. The punch assembly has at least one punch die component pressing the workpiece to form the workpiece. The punch die component includes a main body having a workpiece engagement surface configured to engage the workpiece formed by the base assembly and the punch assembly. The punch die component having a vibration generator operatively coupled to the main body. The vibration generator causes the main body of the die component to vibrate at a high frequency during the pressing operation.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring parameters, such as moisture content or basis weight, of a fibrous web, e.g. paper or non-wovens, comprises optical elements and a wavelength selection device for selectively directing a beam of electromagnetic radiation comprising wavelengths in at least the mid infrared (MIR) spectral range through the web; an element, such as a beam stop, arranged in the path of electromagnetic radiation emerging from the web, for separating directly transmitted from scattered electromagnetic radiation; a collector for collecting the scattered radiation; and at least one detector for detecting the scattered radiation collected by the collector.

Abstract: An assembly with a threaded connection, including an outer part made from ceramic, having an axially tapered internal thread, and having a diameter A; an inner part made from ceramic, having an axially tapered external thread, and having an equator with a diameter B, the diameter B at the equator of the inner part amounting to between 80% and 110% of the diameter A of the outer part.

Abstract: A pin for use in connecting graphite electrodes into a joint, where the pin has at least one male tang having a tang factor, defined as the ratio of male tang length to diameter of the electrode into which hit is to be threaded, of at least about 0.60.

Abstract: A pin for use in connecting graphite electrodes into a joint, where the pin has at least one male tang having a tang factor, defined as the ratio of male tang length to diameter of the electrode into which hit is to be threaded, of at least about 0.60.