Abstract: A user interface displays: a first column comprising non-editable input strings retrieved from a data field; a second column comprising editable output strings initialized from the data field; and an expression window displaying a transformation function ƒ. The computer iteratively processes user inputs, each user input i providing a sample row transformation to edit an ith output string ti. Some user inputs i designate a contiguous substring ssi of the corresponding input string si. The contiguous substring expresses a causal basis for transforming the input string si. into the output string ti. The computer updates the transformation function ƒ according to the provided sample row transformations so that: ƒ(s1)=t1, . . . , ƒ(si)=ti; the transformation function ƒ specifies text or string position of at least one contiguous substring; and ƒ has minimal branching among possible transformation functions that satisfy the samples.

Abstract: A computing device displays a data visualization interface that includes a shelf region and a schema information region. The device receives user input to select a measure data field and a dimension data field from the schema information region. The device generates a custom calculation that groups data values of the dimension data field according to respective distinct data values of the dimension data field and aggregates data values of the measure data field for each of the distinct data values of the dimension data field. The device stores the custom calculation as a new selectable data field and displays the new selectable data field in the schema information region. The device receives user selection of the new selectable data field from the schema information region and placement of the new selectable data field in the shelf region. The device generates and displays a data visualization.

Abstract: Embodiments are directed to managing event information. A plurality of events associated with entities may be provided. A plurality of state types may be determined based on the plurality of events such that each state type is associated with a state. State keys associated with each entity may be determined based on events associated with each entity and the state types. A state stream for each entity may be provided based on their state keys such that each state stream may be an ordered sequence of the keys associated with each entity. In response to a query that includes a pattern filter, the pattern filter may be employed to determine a portion of the entities based on the state stream for each entity such that the pattern filter matches the state stream for each of the portion of the entities.

Abstract: A computing device displays a data visualization interface that includes a shelf region and a schema information region. The device receives user input to select a measure data field and a dimension data field from the schema information region. The device generates a custom calculation that groups data values of the dimension data field according to respective distinct data values of the dimension data field and aggregates data values of the measure data field for each of the distinct data values of the dimension data field. The device stores the custom calculation as a new selectable data field and displays the new selectable data field in the schema information region. The device receives user selection of the new selectable data field from the schema information region and placement of the new selectable data field in the shelf region. The device generates and displays a data visualization.

Abstract: A computing device displays a data visualization interface and receives user selection of a data source. The computing device also receives user input to select a measure data field and a dimension data field. In response to the user input, the computing device: generates a custom calculation that aggregates data for the measure data field, grouped by distinct data values of the dimension data field; and stores the custom calculation as a new selectable data field, associated with a data object corresponding to the dimension data field. The computing device also receives user selection of the new selectable data field and placement of the new selectable data field onto a first shelf in a shelf region. The first shelf defines a first data visualization characteristic determined according to data values of the custom calculation. The computing device generates and displays a data visualization based on the first data visualization characteristic.

Abstract: Embodiments are directed to managing data models. A data source that includes records may be provided. Source fields may be determined based on the records and the source fields may be displayed in a source panel. A data model that includes a source data object may be displayed. Relationships between the source fields may be determined based on values in the records. In response to providing a relationship between the source fields, a data object that includes a key field and one or more data fields that correspond to the relationship may be generated. The data model may be modified to include the data object and to remove the source fields that correspond to the data fields.

Abstract: Embodiments are directed to managing event information. A plurality of events associated with entities may be provided. A plurality of state types may be determined based on the plurality of events such that each state type is associated with a state. State keys associated with each entity may be determined based on events associated with each entity and the state types. A state stream for each entity may be provided based on their state keys such that each state stream may be an ordered sequence of the keys associated with each entity. In response to a query that includes a pattern filter, the pattern filter may be employed to determine a portion of the entities based on the state stream for each entity such that the pattern filter matches the state stream for each of the portion of the entities.

Abstract: A method dynamically assigns tasks for visually presenting data. A server receives a request, from a client device, to display a visual representation of data in a designated format. The request specifies one or more client device characteristics, including: client memory capacity; current client memory utilization; client processor capability; current client processor utilization; and the client's web browser. The server determines whether to render the requested visual representation at the server or at the client device based on several factors, including the client device characteristics and the size of the data set. When rendering at the client, the server sends the requested data to the client, including data necessary to render the visual representation in the designated format. Otherwise, the server renders the requested visual representation according to the designated format using the data, and sends the rendered image to the client.

Abstract: Rendering electronic chart objects is provided. A set of chart elements having a common set of properties is identified. Formatting attributes of the chart elements and the data point locations for each chart element are also identified. Path information is generated for the chart elements that includes the formatting attributes and the data point locations. The path information is provided to a rendering engine that renders a chart element. Each chart element in the set is displayed on a display screen. Chart elements having a common set of properties are only rendered once. Alternatively, chart objects are rendered by generating and storing an image of chart objects having a common geometry and common properties and by copying the stored image to each data point location. Dynamic selection of rendering engines based on property and performance criteria may be utilized to enhance rendering performance.

Abstract: Technologies are described herein for ranking visualization types. In order to rank the visualization types, visualization metadata is generated for each of the visualization types and data set metadata is generated for the data set. A suitability score is then computed based upon the visualization metadata and the data set metadata through the use of data mapping rules and chart selection rules. The visualization types are then ranked according to the computed scores. A user interface may then be displayed that includes visual representations corresponding to the visualization types that are ordered according to the ranking. One of the visual representations may then be selected to apply the corresponding visualization type to the data set.

Abstract: Technologies are described herein for ranking visualization types. In order to rank the visualization types, visualization metadata is generated for each of the visualization types and data set metadata is generated for the data set. A suitability score is then computed based upon the visualization metadata and the data set metadata through the use of data mapping rules and chart selection rules. The visualization types are then ranked according to the computed scores. A user interface may then be displayed that includes visual representations corresponding to the visualization types that are ordered according to the ranking.

Abstract: Rendering electronic chart objects is provided. A set of chart elements having a common set of properties is identified. Formatting attributes of the chart elements and the data point locations for each chart element are also identified. Path information is generated for the chart elements that includes the formatting attributes and the data point locations. The path information is provided to a rendering engine that renders a chart element. Each chart element in the set is displayed on a display screen. Chart elements having a common set of properties are only rendered once. Alternatively, chart objects are rendered by generating and storing an image of chart objects having a common geometry and common properties and by copying the stored image to each data point location. Dynamic selection of rendering engines based on property and performance criteria may be utilized to enhance rendering performance.

Abstract: A computer-based report is generated based on report data and according to a report definition describing how to render the report on a page or screen or the like. The report definition may have standard data recognizable to a report processor, and may also have custom data not recognizable to the report processor but to, for example, a rendering extension of such processor. The report processor though not recognizing the custom data. does not delete or ignore but instead passes the custom data in an intermediate format. Thus, the rendering extension which does recognize the passed-through custom data can in fact interpret and act upon such custom data.

Abstract: An algorithm is provided for optimizing the layout of labels associated with a visual data object such as a chart. The labels are first placed into a chart definition file that defines the labels as a shape. An initial layout of the labels is created and scored. The shapes are then manipulated iteratively until an optimal layout of the labels is obtained that corresponds to the layout having the score closest to an optimal score. The optimal layout is then used in rendering the visual data object on a screen.

Abstract: This invention presents a device, and the method it implements, which is an improvement in the design of nerve stimulators. Like conventional stimulators, it uses a percutaneous, insulated needle for the performance of therapeutic interventions targeting nerves. The improvement comprises offering an option for either constant current or constant voltage, offering a choice of waveform parameters, controlling a pulse generator, supplying a second background waveform, measuring the current and voltage applied to the tissue, computing further electrical characteristics, dynamically adjusting circuit components to ensure a desirable waveform applied to the tissue, and displaying measured and computed electrical characteristics of the tissue. The object is improved positioning of a needle tip near a nerve or nerve plexus for regional anesthesia, pain management, and other medical purposes.

Abstract: This invention presents a device, and the method it implements, which is an improvement in the design of nerve stimulators. Like conventional stimulators, it uses a percutaneous, insulated needle for the performance of therapeutic interventions targeting nerves. The improvement comprises offering an option for either constant current or constant voltage, offering a choice of waveform parameters, controlling a pulse generator, supplying a second background waveform, measuring the current and voltage applied to the tissue, computing further electrical characteristics, dynamically adjusting circuit components to ensure a desirable waveform applied to the tissue, and displaying measured and computed electrical characteristics of the tissue. The object is improved positioning of a needle tip near a nerve or nerve plexus for regional anesthesia, pain management, and other medical purposes.

Abstract: A method and system for discriminating tissues in a subject, particularly for identifying nerve tissue, includes a processor, a waveform generator, a waveform electrode and a return electrode and an electrical property measuring device such as a volt meter. The electrodes are applied to the skin of the subject and an electrical waveform applied to the tissue via the electrodes. A series of electrical property measurements between the electrodes yield digital data that is used to determine coefficients of an approximating mathematical function, which is then used to derived electrical properties of the tissue. Derived electrical properties are then displayed on a display device.

Abstract: This invention presents a device, and the method it implements, which is an improvement in the design of nerve stimulators. Like conventional stimulators, it uses a percutaneous, insulated needle for the performance of therapeutic interventions targeting nerves. The improvement comprises offering an option for either constant current or constant voltage, offering a choice of waveform parameters, controlling a pulse generator, supplying a second background waveform, measuring the current and voltage applied to the tissue, computing further electrical characteristics, dynamically adjusting circuit components to ensure a desirable waveform applied to the tissue, and displaying measured and computed electrical characteristics of the tissue. The object is improved positioning of a needle tip near a nerve or nerve plexus for regional anesthesia, pain management, and other medical purposes.

Abstract: A report definition is processed by a report processor to generate a report. The report processor performs predetermined standard functions and includes an extension for performing predetermined extended functions. The report definition includes a plurality of items of standard data that the report processor can process with the predetermined standard functions thereof. The report definition also includes a plurality of items of custom data that the extension can process with the predetermined extended functions thereof. Each item of custom data is referenced by a corresponding item of standard data. The custom data is not recognizable to the report processor but is passed by the report processor to the extension in a format that maintains the reference thereto by the corresponding item of standard data.