Abstract: An exhaust system includes an exhaust duct having an internal surface defining an exhaust gas passage extending along an axis. At least one sensor opening is in the exhaust duct and is configured to receive an exhaust gas sensor. A wall is positioned within the exhaust gas passage to extend at least partially around the at least one sensor opening. The wall has an inner wall surface defining an internal volume. An inlet pipe ring is in fluid communication with the internal volume, and the inlet pipe ring extends from a first end open to the internal volume to a second end this is also in fluid communication with the internal volume. The inlet pipe ring includes a plurality of inlet apertures.

Abstract: An exhaust system includes an exhaust duct having an internal surface defining an exhaust gas passage extending along an axis. At least one sensor opening is in the exhaust duct and is configured to receive an exhaust gas sensor. A wall is positioned within the exhaust gas passage to extend at least partially around the at least one sensor opening. The wall has an inner wall surface defining an internal volume. A plurality of inlet pipes are in fluid communication with the internal volume, and each inlet pipe extends from a first end open to the internal volume to a second end that is distal from the first end. Each inlet pipe includes a plurality of inlet apertures.

Abstract: An automotive exhaust aftertreatment system for a combustion engine in an automobile includes an ammonia gas distribution system for delivering gaseous ammonia to an exhaust stream. The ammonia gas distribution system is configured to mix the ammonia and the exhaust stream together before the exhaust gas and ammonia are exposed to a catalyst in the SCR.

Abstract: A passive engine exhaust flow restriction arrangement includes a fixed geometry flow restriction mechanism disposed in line with an exhaust conduit. In one embodiment, the flow restriction mechanism is disposed upstream of a turbocharger turbine, and in an alternate embodiment it is disposed downstream of the turbine. In either case, the flow restriction mechanism defines a fixed cross sectional flow area therethrough that is less than the cross sectional flow area of the exhaust conduit. Preferably, the cross sectional flow area of the flow restriction mechanism is sized to optimize one, or both, of turbine efficiency and engine fuel economy.

Abstract: A system for diagnosing fault conditions associated with an air handling system for an internal combustion engine includes an air handling control mechanism responsive to a mechanism command to control fluid flow through an air handling system of an internal combustion engine. An engine controller is configured to compute predicted responses of a number of engine operating parameters each as a different function of the mechanism command, and to compute a corresponding number of correlation coefficients each as a function of one of the engine operating parameter signals and a corresponding one of the predicted responses. The controller is operable to diagnose a fault associated with the air handling control mechanism if at least some of the correlation coefficients are below a first threshold, and to diagnose a properly functioning air handling control mechanism if at least some of the correlation coefficients are above a second threshold.

Abstract: A system for diagnosing fault conditions associated with an air handling system for an internal combustion engine includes an air handling control mechanism responsive to a mechanism command to control fluid flow through an air handling system of an internal combustion engine. An engine controller is configured to compute predicted responses of a number of engine operating parameters each as a different function of the mechanism command, and to compute a corresponding number of correlation coefficients each as a function of one of the engine operating parameter signals and a corresponding one of the predicted responses. The controller is operable to diagnose a fault associated with the air handling control mechanism if at least some of the correlation coefficients are below a first threshold, and to diagnose a properly functioning air handling control mechanism if at least some of the correlation coefficients are above a second threshold.

Abstract: A passive engine exhaust flow restriction arrangement includes a fixed geometry flow restriction mechanism disposed in line with an exhaust conduit. In one embodiment, the flow restriction mechanism is disposed upstream of a turbocharger turbine, and in an alternate embodiment it is disposed downstream of the turbine. In either case, the flow restriction mechanism defines a fixed cross sectional flow area therethrough that is less than the cross sectional flow area of the exhaust conduit. Preferably, the cross sectional flow area of the flow restriction mechanism is sized to optimize one, or both, of turbine efficiency and engine fuel economy.