Abstract: Improved throughput is provided in a spacecraft TDMA cellular communications system by introducing a standby state, in addition to the idle and transfer states, of the medium access control (MAC) protocol, which controls the transfer of data over the radio interface between the network and the user terminals. The terrestrial locations include mobile user terminals and gateways which provide connections to the land line telephone system and/or the land packet data network i.e. Internet service provider. Each of the terrestrial terminals and gateways include a MAC to control the transmitting and receiving of data between the gateway and user terminals. Since packet data is bursty, multiple transitions occur between the idle and transfer states during data transfers. The new standby state maintains synchronization, reducing the transition time to the data transfer state by comparison with the transition time from an idle state where the network does not maintain user synchronization.