Abstract: The disclosure details the implementation of apparatuses, methods, and systems for asset index tracking. The disclosure details how an asset index tracker aligns investor asset portfolios to a selected asset index. The asset index tracker enables investors to automatically match their portfolio to a predefined index. The asset index tracker compares the investor's portfolio to the selected index and provides recommendations to rebalance the portfolio at specified intervals. This is achieved by comparing the investor's portfolio to the index to determine the trades necessary to align the portfolio to the index. A correlation and estimated tracking error of the portfolio to the index may be calculated to validate how the portfolio matches the index. The resulting trade recommendations may be executed upon the investor's approval or automatically. The execution of the trades achieves the rebalancing of the investor's portfolio to more closely track a selected target index.

Abstract: The disclosure details the implementation of apparatuses, methods, and systems of developing and constructing book income indices. The disclosure teaches methodologies for the performance measurement of a portfolio accounted for on an historical cost-based method. Book income indices measure the performance of a base-line asset class (the “market”). Unlike total return indices, however, they account for performance on an historical cost basis, and they take account of the timing of portfolio cash flows, gain/loss recognition constraints and tax considerations.