Abstract: The invention proposes to introduce a method for a Radio Access Network for providing “Local Switching” between call legs of a call. Within said method the Radio Access Network receives a call identifier for a leg of a call from a Core Network to be handled by the Radio Access Network. The Radio Access Network stores said received call identifier, compares said received call identifier with stored call identifiers for call legs of calls via said Radio Access Network. If said received call identifier matches a stored call identifier the Radio Access Networks establish local switching of call legs identified by the matching call identifier. In an alternative embodiment, the invention proposes to introduce a method for a Core Network for providing local switching for call legs of a call. Within said method the Core Network receives or generates a call identifier for a leg of a call. The Core Network stores said received call identifier and identifies a respective Radio Access Network for said leg of said call.

Abstract: The embodiments of the present disclosure present systems and methods for the reversible solubilization of (aryl ether ketones) (PAEKs). A thioacetalization process is employed to modify the PAEKs into poly (aryl ether thioacetals) which, unlike PAEKs, are substantially soluble in common solvents. This modification allowing selected analysis techniques to be more easily performed on PAEKs, such as gel permeation chromatography. The thioacetalization may be reversed through a deprotection reaction to recover the original PAEK without substantial degradation, allowing for non-destructive characterization of the PAEK. Advantageously, the thioacetalization process is generally applicable to a broad range of PAEKs, unlike presently known methods of solubilizing PAEKs. Solubilization of PAEKs further expands the utility of the PAEKs, opening up additional routes to chemical modification of PAEKs, as well as allowing for the possibility of processing PAEKs from solution.

Abstract: The embodiments of the present disclosure present systems and methods for the reversible solubilization of (aryl ether ketones) (PAEKs). A thioacetalization process is employed to modify the PAEKs into poly (aryl ether thioacetals) which, unlike PAEKs, are substantially soluble in common solvents. This modification allowing selected analysis techniques to be more easily performed on PAEKs, such as gel permeation chromatography. The thioacetalization may be reversed through a deprotection reaction to recover the original PAEK without substantial degradation, allowing for non-destructive characterization of the PAEK. Advantageously, the thioacetalization process is generally applicable to a broad range of PAEKs, unlike presently known methods of solubilizing PAEKs. Solubilization of PAEKs further expands the utility of the PAEKs, opening up additional routes to chemical modification of PAEKs, as well as allowing for the possibility of processing PAEKs from solution.

Abstract: A method of forming a polymer matrix composite using a soluble derivative of a poly (aryl ether ketone) (PAEK). The method includes mixing a starting PAEK polymer with a solvent and an acid, said solvent being selected from a group consisting of diethylether, tetrahydrofuran (THF), dioxin, and chlorinated solvents; reacting the PAEK mixture with a Lewis acid and a thiol compound in amounts effective to form a poly (aryl ether thioacetal) compound which comprises at least one thioacetal group; and impregnating a plurality of fibers in a solution comprising said poly (aryl ether thioacetal) compound.

Abstract: The invention relates to signaling of MGW identity in SIP-I. A Call Control Unit of a network includes an Input/Output unit. The Call Control Unit includes a processing unit in communication with the input/output unit. The Call Control Unit includes a memory unit in communication with the processing unit, the processing unit producing a signal having information which identifies a seized Media Gateway (MGW) related to a call establishment or one or more offered Media Gateways, which is sent via Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) to a Mobile Switching Center (MSC)-Server in the network which is in charge to seize a MGW. A computer readable medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by at least one processing unit, signals a media gateway (MGW) identity. A method in a telecommunications node for signaling a Media Gateway (MGW) Identity.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for setting up a connection between an originating mobile entity and a terminating mobile entity connecting to the same radio access network of a mobile communications network, the radio access network accessing a core network through a serving access gateway serving one of the two mobile entities the method performed by the serving access gateway comprising the steps of receiving a connection setup message for establishing the connection between the originating and the terminating mobile entity, wherein the connection setup message transmitted along a signalling path in the core network comprises an information element storing media plane access needs of at least one network node in the signalling path of the core network, wherein the media plane access needs indicate the needs of a network node in the signal path of the core network to access a media plane of the connection to be set up.

Abstract: Described is a method for managing locally switched call connections in a wireless communication network comprising receiving, at a core network node, a first message indicating that a first user equipment connected via the locally switched call connection has been detected in a target radio access node and transmitting, triggered by the first message, a second message requesting a status change of the locally switched call connection to a second user equipment, such that a user plane data path from the first user equipment to the second user equipment is switched to a core network path. Moreover, the method is implemented in a network node, while the method steps can be executed by means of a computer program product comprising instruction sets performing each method step.

Abstract: A method of forming a polymer matrix composite using a soluble derivative of a poly (aryl ether ketone) (PAEK). The method includes mixing a starting PAEK polymer with a solvent and an acid, said solvent being selected from a group consisting of diethylether, tetrahydrofuran (THF), dioxin, and chlorinated solvents; reacting the PAEK mixture with a Lewis acid and a thiol compound in amounts effective to form a poly (aryl ether thioacetal) compound which comprises at least one thioacetal group; and impregnating a plurality of fibers in a solution comprising said poly (aryl ether thioacetal) compound.

Abstract: The invention relates to signaling of MGW identity in SIP-I. A Call Control Unit of a network includes an Input/Output unit. The Call Control Unit includes a processing unit in communication with the input/output unit. The Call Control Unit includes a memory unit in communication with the processing unit, the processing unit producing a signal having information which identifies a seized Media Gateway (MGW) related to a call establishment or one or more offered Media Gateways, which is sent via Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) to a Mobile Switching Centre (MSC)-Server in the network which is in charge to seize a MGW. A computer readable medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by at least one processing unit, signals a media gateway (MGW) identity. A method in a telecommunications node for signaling a Media Gateway (MGW) Identity.

Abstract: The invention relates to the setting up of a connection between an originating terminal and a terminating terminal. Both terminals may connect via the same access network. The access network accesses a core network through an access gateway. The access gateway transmits and/or receives connection set-up signalling transmitted along a signalling path through at least the core network. Using an information element in the connection set-up signalling, information on media plane access needs of nodes in the signalling path is collected and provided for determining whether a local shortcut of a media path can be established in the access network.

Abstract: Described is a method for managing locally switched call connections in a wireless communication network comprising receiving, at a core network node, a first message indicating that a first user equipment connected via the locally switched call connection has been detected in a target radio access node and transmitting, triggered by the first message, a second message requesting a status change of the locally switched call connection to a second user equipment, such that a user plane data path from the first user equipment to the second user equipment is switched to a core network path. Moreover, the method is implemented in a network node, while the method steps can be executed by means of a computer program product comprising instruction sets performing each method step.

Abstract: A user terminal for use with a communications system. The user terminal comprises a non-volatile memory and a subscriber identity authentication unit configured in use to communicate with a removable subscriber identity module and with said communications system in order to authenticate a subscriber identity stored in said subscriber identity module. A recording unit is provided for recording a used and authenticated subscriber identity in said non-volatile memory, while an emergency call initiation unit is configured to initiate an unauthenticated emergency call in the absence of a subscriber identity module, and to retrieve said used and authenticated subscriber identity from said non-volatile memory and to provide the retrieved subscriber identity to the communications system during the initiation.

Abstract: The invention relates to the setting up of a connection between an originating terminal and a terminating terminal. Both terminals may connect via the same access network. The access network accesses a core network through an access gateway. The access gateway transmits and/or receives connection set-up signalling transmitted along a signalling path through at least the core network. Using an information element in the connection set-up signalling, information on media plane access needs of nodes in the signalling path is collected and provided for determining whether a local shortcut of a media path can be established in the access network.

Abstract: Described is a method for managing locally switched call connections in a wireless communication network comprising receiving, at a core network node, a first message indicating that a first user equipment connected via the locally switched call connection has been detected in a target radio access node and transmitting, triggered by the first message, a second message requesting a status change of the locally switched call connection to a second user equipment, such that a user plane data path from the first user equipment to the second user equipment is switched to a core network path. Moreover, the method is implemented in a network node, while the method steps can be executed by means of a computer program product comprising instruction sets performing each method step.

Abstract: The invention relates to the setting up of a connection between an originating terminal and a terminating terminal. Both terminals may connect via the same access network. The access network accesses a core network through an access gateway. The access gateway transmits and/or receives connection set-up signalling transmitted along a signalling path through at least the core network. Using an information element in the connection set-up signalling, information on media plane access needs of nodes in the signalling path is collected and provided for determining whether a local shortcut of a media path can be established in the access network.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for setting up a connection between an originating mobile entity and a terminating mobile entity connecting to the same radio access network of a mobile communications network, the radio access network accessing a core network through a serving access gateway serving one of the two mobile entities the method performed by the serving access gateway comprising the steps of receiving a connection setup message for establishing the connection between the originating and the terminating mobile entity, wherein the connection setup message transmitted along a signalling path in the core network comprises an information element storing media plane access needs of at least one network node in the signalling path of the core network, wherein the media plane access needs indicate the needs of a network node in the signal path of the core network to access a media plane of the connection to be set up.

Abstract: The invention relates to the setting up of a connection between an originating terminal and a terminating terminal. Both terminals may connect via the same access network. The access network accesses a core network through an access gateway. The access gateway transmits and/or receives connection set-up signalling transmitted along a signalling path through at least the core network. Using an information element in the connection set-up signalling, information on media plane access needs of nodes in the signalling path is collected and provided for determining whether a local shortcut of a media path can be established in the access network.

Abstract: Described is a method for managing locally switched call connections in a wireless communication network comprising receiving, at a core network node, a first message indicating that a first user equipment connected via the locally switched call connection has been detected in a target radio access node and transmitting, triggered by the first message, a second message requesting a status change of the locally switched call connection to a second user equipment, such that a user plane data path from the first user equipment to the second user equipment is switched to a core network path. Moreover, the method is implemented in a network node, while the method steps can be executed by means of a computer program product comprising instruction sets performing each method step.

Abstract: The invention proposes to introduce a method for a Radio Access Network for providing “Local Switching” between call legs of a call. Within said method the Radio Access Network receives a call identifier for a leg of a call from a Core Network to be handled by the Radio Access Network. The Radio Access Network stores said received call identifier, compares said received call identifier with stored call identifiers for call legs of calls via said Radio Access Network. If said received call identifier matches a stored call identifier the Radio Access Networks establish local switching of call legs identified by the matching call identifier. In an alternative embodiment, the invention proposes to introduce a method for a Core Network for providing local switching for call legs of a call. Within said method the Core Network receives or generates a call identifier for a leg of a call. The Core Network stores said received call identifier and identifies a respective Radio Access Network for said leg of said call.

Abstract: A user terminal for use with a communications system. The user terminal comprises a non-volatile memory and a subscriber identity authentication unit configured in use to communicate with a removable subscriber identity module and with said communications system in order to authenticate a subscriber identity stored in said subscriber identity module. A recording unit is provided for recording a used and authenticated subscriber identity in said non-volatile memory, whilst an emergency call initiation unit is configured to initiate an unauthenticated emergency call in the absence of a subscriber identity module, and to retrieve said used and authenticated subscriber identity from said non-volatile memory and to provide the retrieved subscriber identity to the communications system during the initiation.