Abstract: In one embodiment, a water-based, alcohol-free, oral care composition comprises antimicrobial agents, bacteriostatic agents, solubilizing agents, humectants and flavouring agents. The pleasant sensory properties are derived from its active ingredients and flavouring agents from natural sources. This oral rinse composition can be made by different methods. This oral rinse product has high antibacterial efficacy and positive organoleptic properties that encourage more frequent use to reduce bad breath and promote oral rehydration.

Abstract: A hydroalcoholic gel acts as a carrier system for bioactive substrates. This hydroalcoholic gel contains water and lower alcohol as the continuous phase. It also contains gelling agents, thickening agents, skin conditioning agents, emulsifiers, and penetration enhancers. This hydroalcoholic gel can be manufactured through a process that does not require external heating. This hydroalcoholic gel can self-emulsify into a lotion or cream texture when an oil is introduced to the system. Bioactive substrates that can be incorporated into this carrier hydroalcoholic gel can be hydrophilic or hydrophobic. Hydrophilic bioactive substrates can be dispersed into the gel directly, while hydrophobic substrates can be incorporated firstly into an oil and then into the carrier gel through a self-emulsification process. This hydroalcoholic gel can enhance the topical delivery efficacy of certain substrates.

Abstract: The present invention provides for a system and method for product verification for use with products intended to be introduced into circulation and including machine readable product data, and comprising a product data storage means, at least one portable reading device for said machine readable product data, wherein the machine readable product data is applied to products and is arranged for inspection by the at least one portable reading device remotely from the product data storage means and at at least one point in the product circulation route, and wherein the at least one portable reading device is arranged to verify the authenticity of the machine readable product data and thereby verify the authenticity of the product itself.

Abstract: The invention provides for a label such as a temper evident holographic or diffractive security label that consists of at least two separate microstructures (30, 31), one exhibiting a holographic or diffractive security image, the other a non visible non-diffractive structure which controls differential release of a reflector or semi reflector layer (27) to display a separate visual message upon removal of the label by tamper. The advantage over previous prior art devices is that both the diffractive message and the tamper evident message are encoded within the microstructure without any need for additional coating or print layers in the device.

Abstract: An optical device for security and anti-counterfeit applications has a holographic diffractive structure that includes a discrete region that in response to white light illumination generates a holographic image by a process of diffraction of light in one embodiment combined with a paper substrate which also contains a secure mark produced by laser ablation of the structure, the mark being characterised by various attributes: variable cut width and pattern, being visible both in reflected light and also in transmitted light, variable depth of cut, variable perforation visible in transmission, variable reflection characteristics. In one embodiment when combined with paper based laser mark has elements in both metallised diffractive region and paper region, the marks on different regions showing different characteristics and thereby securely linking diffractive structure and paper substrate and also showing different characteristics of marking pattern on the different materials.

Abstract: A system, apparatus and methods for transmitting video and audio data over twisted pairs are described. A differential signal that contains video colour information is transmitted over each twisted pair. Data representing digital samples of at least one audio signal is transmitted on two or more of the twisted pairs as a common mode signal.

Abstract: The invention provides for a label such as a temper evident holographic or diffractive security label that consists of at least two separate microstructures (30, 31), one exhibiting a holographic or diffractive security image, the other a non visible non-diffractive structure which controls differential release of a reflector or semi reflector layer (27) to display a separate visual message upon removal of the label by tamper. The advantage over previous prior art devices is that both the diffractive message and the tamper evident message are encoded within the microstructure without any need for additional coating or print layers in the device.

Abstract: An optical device for security and anti-counterfeit applications comprises a holographic diffractive structure comprising a discrete region that in response to white light illumination generates a holographic image by a process of diffraction of light in one embodiment combined with a paper substrate which also contains a secure mark produced by laser ablation of the structure, the mark being characterised by various attributes: variable cut width and pattern, being visible both in reflected light and also in transmitted light, variable depth of cut, variable perforation visible in transmission, variable reflection characteristics. In one embodiment when combined with paper based laser mark has elements in both metallised diffractive region and paper region, the marks on different regions showing different characteristics and thereby securely linking diffractive structure and paper substrate and also showing different characteristics of marking pattern on the different materials.

Abstract: The present invention provides for a system and method for product verification for use with products intended to be introduced into circulation and including machine readable product data, and comprising a product data storage means, at least one portable reading device for said machine readable product data, wherein the machine readable product data is applied to products and is arranged for inspection by the at least one portable reading device remotely from the product data storage means and at at least one point in the product circulation route, and wherein the at least one portable reading device is arranged to verify the authenticity of the machine readable product data and thereby verify the authenticity of the product itself.

Abstract: A method for selecting proportions of aggregate for incorporation into concrete comprises several steps. First, a maximum aggregate size for a specific application is determined. A sample of the maximum size aggregate is loose poured into a container. The percentage voids in that sample is then calculated. An amount of smaller sized aggregate equal to approximately the volume of percentage voids calculated earlier is added to the sample until a reduced volume of voids in the mixed sample is achieved. Finally, the amounts of aggregate determined to have the reduced volume of voids in the mixed sample are used in a concrete mixture.

Abstract: A method for selecting proportions of aggregate for incorporation into concrete comprises several steps. First, a maximum aggregate size for a specific application is determined. A sample of the maximum size aggregate is loose poured into a container. The percentage voids in that sample is then calculated. An amount of smaller sized aggregate equal to approximately the volume of percentage voids calculated earlier is added to the sample until a reduced volume of voids in the mixed sample is achieved. Finally, the amounts of aggregate determined to have the reduced volume of voids in the mixed sample are used in a concrete mixture.

Abstract: A method for selecting proportions of aggregate for incorporation into concrete comprises several steps. First, a maximum aggregate size for a specific application is determined. A sample of the maximum size aggregate is loose poured into a container. The percentage voids in that sample is then calculated. An amount of smaller sized aggregate equal to approximately the volume of percentage voids calculated earlier is added to the sample until a reduced volume of voids in the mixed sample is achieved. Finally, the amounts of aggregate determined to have the reduced volume of voids in the mixed sample are used in a concrete mixture.

Abstract: A scaffolding apparatus (10) and the like is for use on a building (12) during its construction. The scaffolding apparatus (10) comprises a plurality of fixing bracket members (20) each being adapted to be fixed to a corresponding one of a plurality of studs (11) or the like of the building (12) undergoing construction such that they extend substantially horizontally from the stud (11). The fixing bracket members (20) each have a bracket (22) which is adapted to be fixed to the stud (11) whereby each of the brackets (22) has a pair of angle flanges (24,25) aligned above and below respectively of the longitudinal axis of the fixing bracket member (20). The lower flange is adapted to be fixed abutting against the outwardly facing side (26) of the stud (11) and the upper angle flange (25) is adapted to be fixed abutting against the inwardly facing side (27) of the stud (11). The plurality of fixing bracket members (20) are arranged, when installed, to receive planks (39) or the like on top to provide a platform.

Abstract: A lock for a thrust reverser mechanism having actuator means for operating a thrust reverser mechanism, includes a first lock device connectable, in use, to the actuator means for preventing actuation of the latter. The first lock device is operable hydraulically to unlock the lock so as to free the actuator means for operation. An electro-mechanical second lock device is arranged so as normally to prevent actuation of the first lock device and is operable to permit actuation of the first lock device when required.

Abstract: A torque limiter comprises input and output shafts connected together by a clutch which disengages to prevent excessive torque from being applied to the output shaft and to allow the input shaft to rotate freely. As the clutch disengages, a brake is applied to the output shaft to prevent it from rotating. When the brake is applied, a latch holds the brake on. The clutch comprises balls which are held in clutch plate recesses to transmit torque but which ride out of the recesses and fall into pockets so that the clutch becomes permanently disengaged.

Abstract: A first control element is movable to control fluid flow between ports in a housing. A second control element is movable by an electric force motor and engages the first element through biasing springs so that in normal use the elements move in unison. An arrangement of ports and passages in the elements has the effect that relative movement between the elements as a result of jamming of the first element causes fluid pressure to be applied to the first element to overcome the jamming.

Abstract: An epicyclic gear arrangement includes a plurality of substantially axially aligned epicyclic gear trains each having two relatively rotatable output ring gears, a sun input gear and planet gears drivingly connecting the sun and ring gears. Adjacent ends of the ring gears are spaced to permit axial misalignment, the teeth of the planet gears have reducing cross sections in directions away from the planes of their median cross sections to permit effective driving engagement with the ring gears in the event of axial misalignment of the latter, and the sun gears of the gear trains are drivingly interconnected in a manner that permits their axial misalignment. The arrangement is intended for a drive between parts which may flex, as for example an aircraft wing and a control surface thereon.

Abstract: The braking arrangement has an input shaft for connection to a drive shaft of the system. A brake device for the input shaft is urged towards operation by a spring released by an electric actuator. The input shaft is coupled to a flywheel by step-up gearing so that the moment of inertia applied by the flywheel to the input shaft is more than 17 times that of the remainder of the arrangement. Acceleration of the drive shaft under an external force is thereby reduced, as is its rotational travel during application of the brake.