Abstract: An embedded turbofan deicer system (ETDS) may eliminate the ingested ice crystal icing problem plaguing high bypass turbofan engines operating at high altitudes near convective tropical storms: icing occurring on the surfaces of the engine's rotating engine spinner, fan blades, low pressure compressor casing and low pressure compressor and causing loss of power and on occasion engine flameouts. The invention supplies electricity to heat these engine parts using at least one reversed permanent magnet electric generator (reversed PMEG) driven by the turbofan's central drive shaft with all parts of the ETDS mounted internal to the engine in presently unused internal spaces without requiring modifications to the existing engine. All electric power produced by the rotating reversed PMEG supplied directly to rotating engine parts requiring heat for deicing. A unique method to deice metal, composite and metal/composite fan blades is included in the invention using electricity from the reversed PMEG.

Abstract: An embedded turbofan deicer system (ETDS) may eliminate the ingested ice crystal icing problem plaguing high bypass turbofan engines operating at high altitudes near convective tropical storms: icing occurring on the surfaces of the engine's rotating engine spinner, fan blades, low pressure compressor casing and low pressure compressor and causing loss of power and on occasion engine flameouts. The invention supplies electricity to heat these engine parts using at least one reversed permanent magnet electric generator (reversed PMEG) driven by the turbofan's central drive shaft with all parts of the ETDS mounted internal to the engine in presently unused internal spaces without requiring modifications to the existing engine. All electric power produced by the rotating reversed PMEG supplied directly to rotating engine parts requiring heat for deicing. A unique method to deice metal, composite and metal/composite fan blades is included in the invention using electricity from the reversed PMEG.

Abstract: A solar energy conversion system is provided which includes a black body receiver for transferring energy from focused solar radiation to a circulating gas. The receiver includes a honeycomb heat exchanger located within a chamber sealed with impingement cooled windows, the outermost one of which acts as a one way trap or diode to prevent energy radiated by the heated honeycomb from escaping to the atmosphere. The heat exchanger is formed with a number of tubes which are oriented to be illuminated "end on" for minimizing retroreflection of the incoming energy. Because of the "end on" orientation, a large majority of the incoming energy impinges on the internal walls of the tubes and is internally reflected until it is absorbed. Cool gas, which may be air, is introduced into the receiver under pressure such that the gas passes through the tubes of the heat exchanger where it is heated to temperatures that are typically in the vicinity of 1700.degree. F.