Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure describe DFOS systems, methods, and structures that advantageously extract road traffic from DFOS vibration patterns such that anomaly detection is possible. Sensed vibration data is represented accurately as a set of points, where each point is denoted as a tuple with elements indicating a time stamp, a location along a length of a DFOS optical sensing cable, and vibration strength detected at the location at the time. Traffic pattern detection is based on a progressive probabilistic Hough transform (PPHT) that exploits global information from an entire spatial-temporal data snapshot to assess a cause of detected vibrations.

Abstract: An optical fiber sensing system with reduced spatial resolution and noise for multiple applications and method of operating same that employs a coherent receiver configured to detect and digitize both I and Q signals in two polarizations and performs signal beating in a digital signal processor (DSP) using the polarization-diverse signals to obtain beating results for multiple polarization state pairs that effectively reduces polarization induced fading effect(s) while providing faster sensing speed(s) and more efficient filtering. Since Rayleigh signals are captured in two orthogonal polarizations, four beating products are determined at once in the DSP and all are used for fiber strain determination thereby avoiding polarization fading.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure describe optical fiber sensing systems, methods and structures disclosing a distributed optical fiber sensor network constructed on a switched optical fiber telecommunications infrastructure to detect temperatures, acoustic effects, and vehicle traffic—among others—demonstrated with a number of different network topologies.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure describe distributed fiber optic sensor systems, methods, and structures that advantageously enable/provide for the proper placement/assignment of sensors in the DFOS network to provide for high reliability, fault tolerant operation that survives fiber failures.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure describe distributed fiber optic sensing (DFOS) systems, methods, and structures that advantageously employ a flexible resource sharing that balances sending distance requirements and route requirements. Such flexibility is achieved by including an ultra-fast 1×N optical switch with a DFOS interrogator and N fiber optic sensor routes. Synchronous control provides for real-time configuration/reconfiguration of the DFOS system.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure describe distributed fiber optic sensing (DFOS) systems, methods, and structures that employ a distributed fiber optic sensor placement procedure that advantageously provides a desirable sensor coverage over a network at minimal cost.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure describe single mode fiber distributed temperature sensing (DTS) with improved noise characteristics employing superluminescent emitting diodes (SLEDs) and/or amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) light sources.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure describe improved distributed acoustic sensing using dynamic range suppression of optical time domain reflectometry either by using a feedback loop comprising optical and electrical elements or using a nonlinear element in the electrical domain after coherent detection. When using a feedback loop, the amplitude of the periodic waveform of coherent OTDR can be inverted. This allows optical pre-compensation of the received optical signal before coherent detection with the goal of minimizing amplitude dynamic range. Alternatively, a nonlinear element in the electrical domain can reduce amplitude dynamic range before sampling by analog-to-digital converters (ADC).

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure describe distributed fiber optic sensing (DFOS) systems, methods, and structures that advantageously provide traffic monitoring. and traffic management which improves the safety and efficiency of a roadway.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure describe optical fiber sensing systems, methods and structures disclosing a distributed optical fiber sensor network constructed on a switched optical fiber telecommunications infrastructure to detect temperatures, acoustic effects, and vehicle traffic—among others—demonstrated with a number of different network topologies.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure describe single mode fiber distributed temperature sensing (DTS) with improved noise characteristics employing superluminescent emitting diodes (SLEDs) and/or amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) light sources.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure describe systems, methods, and structures for the machine learning based regression of complex coefficients of a linear combination of spatial modes from a multimode optical fiber.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure describe optical fiber sensing systems, methods and structures disclosing a distributed fiber sensor network constructed on an existing, live network, data carrying, optical fiber telecommunications infrastructure to detect temperatures, acoustic effects, and vehicle traffic—among others. Of particular significance, sensing systems, methods, and structures according to aspects of the present disclosure may advantageously identify specific network locations relative to manholes/handholes and environmental conditions within those manholes/handholes namely, normal, flooded, frozen/iced, etc.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure describe optical fiber sensing systems, methods and structures disclosing a distributed fiber sensor network constructed on an existing, live network, data carrying, optical fiber telecommunications infrastructure to detect temperatures, acoustic effects, and vehicle traffic—among others. Of particular significance, sensing systems, methods, and structures according to aspects of the present disclosure may advantageously identify specific network locations relative to manholes/handholes and environmental conditions within those manholes/handholes namely, normal, flooded, frozen/iced, etc.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure describe systems, methods and structures for classification of higher-order spatial modes using machine learning systems and methods in which the classification of high-order spatial modes emitted from a multimode optical fiber does not require indirect measurement of the complex amplitude of a light beam's electric field using interferometry or, holographic techniques via unconventional optical devices/elements, which have prohibitive cost and efficacy; classification of high-order spatial modes emitted from a multimode optical fiber is not dependent on a light beam's alignment, size, wave front (e.g. curvature, etc.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure describe optical fiber sensing systems, methods and structures and application employing coherent detection of backscattered signals.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure describe systems, methods and structures for classification of higher-order spatial modes using machine learning systems and methods in which the classification of high-order spatial modes emitted from a multimode optical fiber does not require indirect measurement of the complex amplitude of a light beam's electric field using interferometry or, holographic techniques via unconventional optical devices/elements, which have prohibitive cost and efficacy; classification of high-order spatial modes emitted from a multimode optical fiber is not dependent on a light beam's alignment, size, wave front (e.g. curvature, etc.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure describe systems, methods, and structures for passive optical add/drop multiplexing (POADM) architectures that remove the prior art requirement of an optical amplifier (i.e., repeater-less) at the POADM nodes.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure describe systems, methods, and structures for passive optical add/drop multiplexing (POADM) architectures that remove the prior art requirement of an optical amplifier (i.e., repeater-less) at the POADM nodes.

Abstract: An open path optical sensing system having an ultrasonic cleaner. The system includes at least one ultrasound transducer which is configured to propagate ultrasonic waves across exposed surfaces of optical components of the optical sensing system. The ultrasonic waves create tiny vibrations on the exposed surfaces of the optical components which clean the surfaces of environmental pollutants and prevent environmental pollutants from accumulating on the surface. The ultrasonic waves may have a frequency that is substantially different than the modulation frequency of a modulated laser light beam that is generated by a laser of the open path optical sensing system. The surfaces of a plurality of optical components may be cleaned by the ultrasonic waves of a single ultrasound transducer. A plurality of ultrasound transducers may propagate waves on a single optical component.