Abstract: A transcatheter heart valve prosthesis and a method of assembling the transcatheter heart valve prosthesis are disclosed. The heart valve prosthesis includes a valve-skirt assembly having an inner skirt, a frame, an outer wrap backing and an outer wrap. The method includes: tacking the valve-skirt assembly within the frame; attaching the inner skirt below commissure posts of the frame; attaching commissures of the valve component to the commissure posts; attaching a plurality of outer wrap backings to the inner skirt; attaching the outer wrap backings and the inner skirt to the frame; attaching tissue bumpers to struts in an outflow section of the frame; attaching an outer wrap and the inner skirt to the frame; attaching the outer wrap to the inner skirt proximate inflow edges thereof; and attaching the outer wrap to the inner skirt and to the outer wrap backings proximate respective outflow edges thereof.

Abstract: A composition useful for scavenging hydrogen sulfide by admixing metal carboxylates which have high viscosity due to polymerization and a viscosity improver selected from the group consisting of glycol ethers having from about 4 to about 10 carbons, alkyl alcohols having from about 1 to about 10 carbons, and combinations thereof.

Abstract: A composition useful for scavenging hydrogen sulfide by admixing metal carboxylates which have high viscosity due to polymerization and a viscosity improver selected from the group consisting of glycol ethers having from about 4 to about 10 carbons and alkyl alcohols having from about 1 to about 4 carbons.

Abstract: Crude bisphenol A containing a ketone solvent remaining form its manufacture and having a melting point of 150° C. or higher may be reacted with one or more alkylene oxide, in the absence of any added ketone solvent, at reduced temperatures compared with conventional, molten methods to give a fully alkoxylated adduct product having reduced color. By at least partially alkoxylating the bisphenol A, its potential for crystallization is disrupted and the partially alkoxylated bisphenol A has a lower melting point than the original bisphenol A permitting it to be more readily further alkoxylated at the reaction temperature. The alkoxylation reaction may be conducted at a temperature in the range of about 30 to about 140° C. Suitable catalysts may include tertiary amines or caustic compounds such as NaOH and KOH.

Abstract: A composition useful for scavenging hydrogen sulfide by admixing metal carboxylates which have high viscosity due to polymerization and a viscosity improver selected from the group consisting of glycol ethers having from about 4 to about 10 carbons and alkyl alcohols having from about 1 to about 4 carbons.

Abstract: Crude bisphenol A containing a ketone solvent remaining form its manufacture and having a melting point of 150° C. or higher may be reacted with one or more alkylene oxide, in the absence of any added ketone solvent, at reduced temperatures compared with conventional, molten methods to give a fully alkoxylated adduct product having reduced color. By at least partially alkoxylating the bisphenol A, its potential for crystallization is disrupted and the partially alkoxylated bisphenol A has a lower melting point than the original bisphenol A permitting it to be more readily further alkoxylated at the reaction temperature. The alkoxylation reaction may be conducted at a temperature in the range of about 30 to about 140° C. Suitable catalysts may include tertiary amines or caustic compounds such as NaOH and KOH.

Abstract: Reacting an alkylene carbonate, such as ethylene carbonate, with dimer acid in the presence of a catalyst, such as a tertiary amine catalyst, gives a dimer acid diester having essentially no sulfur, and thus may be added to ultra-low sulfur diesel fuel downstream of a refinery. The diester enhances the lubricity properties of hydrocarbon fuels, increases their service life and fuel efficiency. The manufacturing process time may be decreased significantly compared with a process using ethylene glycol instead of ethylene carbonate, and much less ethylene glycol by-product results.

Abstract: Reacting an alkylene carbonate, such as ethylene carbonate, with dimer acid in the presence of a catalyst, such as a tertiary amine catalyst, gives a dimer acid diester having essentially no sulfur, and thus may be added to ultra-low sulfur diesel fuel downstream of a refinery. The diester enhances the lubricity properties of hydrocarbon fuels, increases their service life and fuel efficiency. The manufacturing process time may be decreased significantly compared with a process using ethylene glycol instead of ethylene carbonate, and much less ethylene glycol by-product results.

Abstract: Reacting an alkylene carbonate, such as ethylene carbonate, with dimer acid in the presence of a catalyst, such as a tertiary amine catalyst, gives a dimer acid diester having essentially no sulfur, and thus may be added to ultra-low sulfur diesel fuel downstream of a refinery. The diester enhances the lubricity properties of hydrocarbon fuels, increases their service life and fuel efficiency. The manufacturing process time may be decreased significantly compared with a process using ethylene glycol instead of ethylene carbonate, and much less ethylene glycol by-product results.

Abstract: Reacting an alkylene carbonate, such as ethylene carbonate, with dimer acid in the presence of a catalyst, such as a tertiary amine catalyst, gives a dimer acid diester having essentially no sulfur, and thus may be added to ultra-low sulfur diesel fuel downstream of a refinery. The diester enhances the lubricity properties of hydrocarbon fuels, increases their service life and fuel efficiency. The manufacturing process time may be decreased significantly compared with a process using ethylene glycol instead of ethylene carbonate, and much less ethylene glycol by-product results.

Abstract: Substrate or starting compounds which have high melting points, for instance, having a melting point of 150° C. or higher and having at least one active hydrogen may be reacted with one or more alkylene oxide in a ketone solvent at reduced temperatures compared with conventional, molten methods to give an adduct product having reduced color. By at least partially alkoxylating the substrate, its potential for crystallization is disrupted and the partially alkoxylated substrate has a lower melting point than the original substrate permitting it to be more readily further alkoxylated at the reaction temperature. Suitable ketone solvents include, but are not necessarily limited to, methyl isobutyl ketone, diethyl ketone, methyl ethyl ketone, and mixtures thereof. The alkoxylation reaction may be conducted at a temperature in the range of about 30 to about 140° C. Suitable catalysts may include tertiary amines or caustic compounds such as NaOH and KOH.

Abstract: Substrate or starting compounds having at least one active hydrogen may be reacted with one or more alkylene oxide in a ketone solvent at reduced temperatures compared with conventional, molten methods to give an adduct product having reduced color. Suitable ketone solvents include, but are not necessarily limited to, methyl isobutyl ketone, diethyl ketone, methyl ethyl ketone, and mixtures thereof. The alkoxylation reaction may be conducted at a temperature in the range of about 30 to about 160° C. Suitable catalysts may include tertiary amines or caustic compounds such as NaOH and KOH.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses are disclosed for protecting solar cells from cellular degradation caused by an electrostatic discharge pulse. In one embodiment, a diode may bypass current generated from an electrostatic discharge so that the pulse current does not reverse bias the solar cell. Advanced diodes, capacitors and/or multiple diodes located on multiple bypass current paths, may be used. In another embodiment, the transient impedance of the current path that reverse biases the solar cell is increased by using inductors placed along the reversing current path. In another embodiment, the pulse current rise rate is reduced by extending the harness length of cell contacts. In another embodiment, solar cells in a serpentine pattern may be protected from electrostatic discharge damage by coupling bypass current paths to the open ends of the serpentine. Inductors may also be placed in series with the serpentine series of cells.

Abstract: A control circuit (20) for controlling electrostatic discharge in an electric component includes a heater (28) that is thermally coupled to the component. A sensor (30) is used for sensing a sensed condition. A controller is coupled to the heater and the sensor. The controller (24) heats the component in response to the sensed condition. The sensor (30) may include an electron flux level near the component or a surface potential of the component itself.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses are disclosed for protecting solar cells from cellular degradation caused by an electrostatic discharge pulse. In one embodiment, a diode may bypass current generated from an electrostatic discharge so that the pulse current does not reverse bias the solar cell. Advanced diodes, capacitors and/or multiple diodes located on multiple bypass current paths, may be used. In another embodiment, the transient impedance of the current path that reverse biases the solar cell is increased by using inductors placed along the reversing current path. In another embodiment, the pulse current rise rate is reduced by extending the harness length of cell contacts. In another embodiment, solar cells in a serpentine pattern may be protected from electrostatic discharge damage by coupling bypass current paths to the open ends of the serpentine. Inductors may also be placed in series with the serpentine series of cells.

Abstract: A control circuit (20) for controlling electrostatic discharge in an electric component includes a heater (28) that is thermally coupled to the component. A sensor (30) is used for sensing a sensed condition. A controller is coupled to the heater and the sensor. The controller (24) heats the component in response to the sensed condition. The sensor (30) may include an electron flux level near the component or a surface potential of the component itself.

Abstract: A conformally coated structure includes a component of an electronic assembly, such as a microelectronic device, a part of a package, or an electrically conductive trace, and a conformal coating applied to a surface of the structure. The conformal coating is a cured polymer blend of a base polymer and an electrically conductive polymer. The polymer blend has an electrical resistivity of from about 109 to about 1013 ohm-centimeter. The polymer blend contains from about 0.5 percent to about 4 percent by weight of the electrically conductive polymer, with the remainder the base polymer. The electrically conductive polymer may be a polyaniline, and the base polymer may be a urethane.

Abstract: A device for use as an electrostatic particle or droplet injector is disclosed which is capable of injecting dielectric particles or droplets. The device operates by first charging the dielectric particles or droplets using ultraviolet light induced photoelectrons from a low work function material plate supporting the dielectric particles or droplets, and then ejecting the charged particles or droplets from the plate by utilizing an electrostatic force. The ejected particles or droplets are mostly negatively charged in the preferred embodiment; however, in an alternate embodiment, an ion source is used instead of ultraviolet light to eject positively charged dielectric particles or droplets.