Abstract: An electrolytic solution comprising glycerine and dibasic potassium phosphate. The electrolytic solution has a water content of less than 1000 ppm and is prepared by mixing the glycerine and the dibasic potassium phosphate and then heating to about 150 to 180.degree. C. for about 1 to 12 hours. A method of anodizing a metal comprising forming a film on the metal with an electrolytic solution comprising glycerine and dibasic potassium phosphate. The metal is preferably a valve metal, such as tantalum, and the film is formed at a temperature of 150.degree. C. or higher.

Abstract: Acid-doped, polyaniline-based polymers are formed into fibers, films, and coatings with a solvent of N-ethylpyrrolidone. Such a solvent system is particularly useful for the formation of a solid electrolyte on a capacitive element.

Abstract: Conductive polymers are formed with a self-regenerating oxidant system made with a reversibly reducible metal salt at amounts sufficient to polymerize a cyclic monomer through oxidation and leave a reduced metal ion, and an oxidant in an amount sufficiently small and under conditions sufficient to oxidize the reduced metal ion but avoid oxidation or degradation of the polymer. The most preferred combination of agents includes ferric nitrate and a small amount of ammonium nitrate at a pH within the range of 2 to 7.

Abstract: Acid-doped, polyaniline-based polymers are formed into fibers, films, and coatings with a solvent of at least one bicyclic terpene. Such a solvent system is characterized by a drying temperature of less than 150.degree. C. and a relatively low toxicity.

Abstract: Acid-doped, polyaniline-based polymers are formed into fibers, films, and coatings with a solvent of N-ethylpyrrolidone. Such a solvent system is particularly useful for the formation of a solid electrolyte on a capacitive element.

Abstract: Acid-doped, polyaniline-based polymers are formed into fibers, films, and coatings with a solvent of N-ethylpyrrolidone. Such a solvent system is particularly useful for the formation of a solid electrolyte on a capacitive element.

Abstract: An electrolytic solution comprising glycerine and dibasic potassium phosphate. The electrolytic solution has a water content of less than 1000 ppm and is prepared by mixing the glycerine and the dibasic potassium phosphate and then heating to about 150.degree. to 180.degree. C. for about 1 to 12 hours. A method of anodizing a metal comprising forming a film on the metal with an electrolytic solution comprising glycerine and dibasic potassium phosphate. The metal is preferably a valve metal, such as tantalum, and the film is formed at a temperature of 150.degree. C. or higher.

Abstract: Disclosed is a high-energy-density all-solid ionomer electrochemical capacitor, completely free of liquid electrolyte. The capacitor includes 1) a three-dimensional metal oxide-particulate-ionomer composite electrode structure, whereby the ionomer coats the individual particles and provides a mechanism for continuous proton transport throughout the composite structure and 2) a unitized repeating cell element that includes this three-dimensional composite electrode structure. The composite electrode structures are bonded to opposite sides of a thin sheet of a solid proton-conducting ionomer membrane and form an integrally bonded membrane and electrode assembly (MEA). The composite electrodes of the MEA are pressed against thin electrically conductive current collectors to form a repeating element in a bipolar cell capacitor arrangement. Energy storage and discharge are achieved by utilizing double-layer and reversible redox processes.