Abstract: The invention provides methods for sequencing a polynucleotide comprising stopping an extension cycle in a sequence by synthesis reaction before the reaction has run to near or full completion.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for sequencing a polynucleotide comprising stopping an extension cycle in a sequence by synthesis reaction before the reaction has run to near or full completion.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for conversion of a target nucleic acid molecule according to a predetermined nucleotide code into a converted nucleic acid molecule. The converted nucleic acid molecule has utility for determining the nucleotide sequence of the target nucleic acid molecule, for example, using a nanopore.

Abstract: The invention provides for nucleotide analogs and methods of using the same, e.g., for sequencing nucleic acids.

Abstract: The invention provides for nucleotide analogs and methods of using the same, e.g., for sequencing nucleic acids.

Abstract: The invention provides a family of tethered nucleotide analogs useful in sequencing nucleic acids containing a homopolymer region comprising, for example, two or more base repeats, and to sequencing methods using such tethered nucleotide analogs.

Abstract: The invention generally relates to polymerases for efficient and controlled sequencing-by-synthesis reactions. In certain embodiments, the invention provides a polymerase enzyme including at least one mutation that enhances ability of the polymerase as compared to a wild-type polymerase to incorporate a nucleotide into a nascent strand of DNA or cDNA including at least one modified nucleotide.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for stabilizing a nucleic acid sequencing reaction. Generally, methods of the invention include exposing a target nucleic acid to a single-stranded nucleic acid binding protein and performing a sequencing reaction.

Abstract: The disclosure provides methods and compositions for reducing nucleotide impurities in reagents and reaction mixtures. Generally, the methods of the invention involve the inclusion of so-called “scrubbing oligonucleotides” (or “scrubbers”) that preferentially incorporate nucleotide impurities, thereby reducing available free impurities. The disclosure further provides methods of sequencing a target nucleic acid by synthesis that utilize “live” scrubbing. Scrubbing oligonucleotides of various structures are disclosed, including hairpin scrubbers and homopolymeric scrubbers.

Abstract: The invention provides for nucleotide analogs and methods of using the same, e.g., for sequencing nucleic acids.

Abstract: In one aspect the invention relates to an apparatus for analyzing the presence of a single molecule using total internal reflection. In one embodiment an apparatus for single molecule analysis includes a support having a sample located thereon; two sources of light at distinct wavelengths, a collimator for directing the light onto the sample through a total internal reflection objective; a receiver for receiving a fluorescent emission produced by a single molecule in the sample in response to the light; and a detector for detecting each of the wavelengths in the fluorescent emission. In another embodiment the apparatus further comprises a focusing laser for maintaining focus of the objective on the sample.

Abstract: The invention provides a family of tethered nucleotide analogs useful in sequencing nucleic acids containing a homopolymer region comprising, for example, two or more base repeats, and to sequencing methods using such tethered nucleotide analogs.

Abstract: The invention provides an apparatus for interrogating an optical biosensor. The apparatus includes (a) locating means for positioning one or more optical biosensors; (b) calibration means for generating a reference measurement; (c) one or more biosensors for generating one or more sample measurements, the biosensors being substantially planar and removable from the apparatus; (d) a reading means for interrogating biosensor and calibration means, and (e) a transport means for moving one or more of a biosensor, the calibration means and the reading means, whereby the reading means is positioned to interrogate the biosensor and the calibration means.

Abstract: The invention provides compositions for improving the accuracy of a sequencing-by-synthesis reaction by minimizing the incorporation of unlabeled dNTPs.

Abstract: The invention provides a family of tethered nucleotide analogs useful in sequencing nucleic acids containing a homopolymer region comprising, for example, two or more base repeats, and to sequencing methods using such tethered nucleotide analogs.