Abstract: Various embodiments for heat management around a phase delay coil in a probe are described. A guided surface waveguide probe may be at least partially housed or enclosed in a structure and configured to generate electrical energy in the form of a guided surface wave traveling along a terrestrial medium, where the guided surface waveguide probe comprises at least one electromagnetic coil encapsulated by an exterior of the structure. A cooling device may be provided and configured to manage heat in the structure by providing cold air between the at least one electromagnetic coil and the exterior of the structure.

Abstract: Disclosed is a guided surface waveguide probe with a charge terminal that is elevated over a lossy conducting medium. A primary coil can be coupled to an excitation source within a substructure. A secondary coil can provide a voltage to the charge terminal with a phase delay (?) that matches a wave tilt angle (?) associated with a complex Brewster angle of incidence (?i,B) associated with the lossy conducting medium. The primary coil can be configured to inductively couple to the secondary coil.

Abstract: Disclosed are various embodiments for eliminating or minimizing atmospheric discharge within the guided surface waveguide probe. Atmospheric discharge can be minimized to a nominal amount according to one or more factors, such as, for example, the use of a corona hood, the effective diameter of the internal coil, the effective diameter of the tube, and the shape of the charge terminal.

Abstract: A guided surface waveguide probe structure is described. In one example, the guided surface waveguide probe structure includes a charge terminal elevated to a first height and a phasing coil elevated to a second height above a lossy conducting medium. The structure further includes a non-conductive support structure to support the phasing coil and the charge terminal. The non-conductive support structure includes a truss frame that supports the phasing coil at the second height above the lossy conducting medium and supports the charge terminal at the first height above the lossy conducting medium. The structure further includes a substructure bunker constructed in the lossy conducting medium. The substructure bunker can include foundational walls, a grounding grid formed in a foundational seal slab, and a covering support slab at a ground surface elevation of the lossy conducting medium, the covering support slab supporting the non-conductive support structure.

Abstract: Disclosed are embodiments for anchoring a guided surface waveguide probe. A guided surface waveguide probe can be suspended from a support structure manufactured from a nonconductive material, the support structure comprising a plurality of beams. A base bracket is configured to receive at least one of the plurality of beams and further comprising a hole. The base bracket rests upon a pad. An anchor bolt protrudes from the pad through the hole of the base bracket. Also, a fastener engages the anchor bolt to secure the base bracket to the pad.

Abstract: A guided surface waveguide probe structure is described. In one example, the guided surface waveguide probe structure includes a charge terminal elevated to a first height above a lossy conducting medium and a phasing coil elevated to a second height above the lossy conducting medium, wherein the first height is larger than the second height. The structure further includes a non-conductive support structure to support the phasing coil and the charge terminal. The non-conductive support structure includes a truss frame secured to and supported over a substructure, and the truss frame supports the phasing coil at the second height above the lossy conducting medium. The non-conductive support structure also includes a charge terminal truss extension supported by the truss frame, and the charge terminal truss extension supports the charge terminal at the first height above the lossy conducting medium.

Abstract: Disclosed are various embodiments for providing temperature measurements of a guided surface wave probe and/or a support structure. In one embodiment, among others, a system comprises a guided surface waveguide probe configured to launch a guided surface wave along a lossy conducting medium, where the guided surface waveguide probe generates heat while in operation. The support structure comprises non-conducting structural components that support the electrical components of the guided surface waveguide probe. The system also comprises a temperature sensor positioned on one of the non-conducting structural components.

Abstract: Piezoelectric devices made from lightest isotope enriched materials with significantly improved thermal conductivity, frequency stability and phase noise qualities. The isotopically enriched materials may consist of a single crystal and may include silicon dioxide, zinc oxide, titanium dioxide, lithium niobate, lithium tantalate, langasite, langatate, and lead-zirconate-titanate. Piezoelectric devices of greatly improved frequency, and phase and power stability/power handling characteristics are realized for use in RF communications, acoustic wave crystal filters, portable clocks, oscillators, resonators, speakers, ultrasonic speakers, ultrasonic transducers, material inspection, medical diagnostic imaging and non-invasive surgical equipment, and acousto-optic modulators.

Abstract: A carbon-air fuel cell defined by an enclosed heat insulating container, a cathode supported in the container and arranged to form an air space about the inside thereof, an anode basket positioned inside the cathode, spaced-apart from the container, and containing therein a charge of carbon, a charge of molten electrolyte, in the form of a hydroxide that is selected from the group consisting of Aluminum, Calcium, Cesium, Potassium, Sodium, Rubidium, Strontium and mixtures thereof, filling the space between the cathode and the charge carbon; and, a bubbler for passing an oxygen-containing stream of gas through the cathode into the molten electrolyte where the oxygen ionizes and diffuses through to the anode basket into contact with the carbon to produce an electrical charge at the anode basket.

Abstract: Leadless chip package is adhesively secured to printed wiring board and is electrically connected by metallic conductor ribbon or wire to pads on the package and pads on the printed wiring board to provide secure connected without risk of solder bridging on high density leadless chip packages.

Abstract: The system for sensing ions in aqueous solution such as an electroplating bath includes a light source (18) which delivers light including a selected wavelength through a series of optical fibers (20, 24, 26, 32) to probe (14). The probe is partially immersed in the solution (12) and the light is delivered through the solution in the space (94) between prisms (82, 92). The return light is conducted by optical fibers (32,38) to detector or opto-electronic transducer (44). A portion of the original light is diverted by splitter (22) through fiber (42) to opto-electronic transducer (46) so that a comparison of the signals determines the amount of light in selected wavelength which is absorbed in the solution due to ions thereon. The signal processing unit (40) is preferably enclosed in an electromagnetic protected area (16) to avoid the adverse EMI and corrosive atmosphere effects near the electroplating tank (10).