Abstract: The present invention provides a method of unsupervised learning and location for tracking users in a wireless communication system. One embodiment of the method includes forming a signal map of a geographic area using unlabeled values of one or more signals so that the signal map relates locations in the geographic area to values of the signal(s).

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of unsupervised learning and location for tracking users in a wireless communication system. One embodiment of the method includes forming a signal map of a geographic area using unlabeled values of one or more signals so that the signal map relates locations in the geographic area to values of the signal(s).

Abstract: An apparatus includes a plurality of DSL modems. Each DSL modem is configured to be connected to a corresponding DSL subscriber line. A first of the DSL modems is configured to transmit a data stream to a DSL subscriber via inter-line cross-talk between the one of the DSL subscriber lines connected to the first of the DSL modems and the one of the DSL subscriber lines connected to a second of the DSL modems.

Abstract: Significant improvement in Raptor codes and punctured LDPC codes are obtainable by use of the invention. In both a transmission scheme for Raptor-encoded or LDPC-encoded information, a dynamic adjustment approach is employed. A fraction of a codeword or information frame is transmitted. A feedback signal is sent from the receiver to the transmitter indicating either 1) successful decoding, or 2) failure to decode and/or a feedback signal indicative of a statistical measure of transmission channel quality. If decoding fails, a further portion of the codeword or frame is sent. The intensity and/or size of the fraction is adjusted based on the feedback signal. In one embodiment, a specific range for probabilities employed in the encoding process for Raptor codes provides the ability to increase transmission throughput. Further it has been found that the advantageous Raptor codes are useful in noise conditions where even the improved punctured LDPC codes of the invention begin to degrade.

Abstract: A system for, and method of, position estimation of, or tracking, an object. In one embodiment, the system includes: (1) a map generator configured to create, without requiring a propagation model, a mean map for the region and (2) a measurement matching engine associated with the map generator and configured to match received measurements regarding the object to a number of nearest neighboring grid points in the mean map.

Abstract: It is possible to operate a wireless system, such as a CDMA system, in a more efficient manner by employing a statistical approach for setting power targets for reverse loop transmission. Unlike present methods for setting such targets a figure-of-merit quantity such as the frame error rate need not be measured to set the reverse loop transmission power for a wireless unit. Instead the target is set on a statistical basis established by sampling. Real time measurement of a quantity-of-merit is not required. A statistical approach produces among other things a decreased sensitivity to rapid changes in transmission conditions.

Abstract: Techniques and systems for channel prediction in wireless networks. A base station receives a succession of channel indicators from each of a plurality of mobile units, each channel indicator being received from each mobile unit once per timeslot. A channel predictor uses the channel indicators to generate a channel condition prediction for each mobile unit, the channel condition prediction being based on a balanced estimate using the most recent channel condition indicator and the mean of the succession of channel indicators. A weight is computed based on a gradient of the succession channel indicator values and used to assign relative emphasis to the most recent channel condition indicator and the mean channel condition indicator in order to give greater emphasis to the most recent indicator during slowly changing conditions and greater emphasis to the mean indicator during rapidly changing conditions.

Abstract: A system for monitoring fluid treatment and fluid quality comprising a fluid treatment apparatus, at least one treatment-effectiveness sensor adapted, and positioned relative to said treatment apparatus, so as to sense the effectiveness of treatment performed by the treatment apparatus, and so as to emit an alarm signal when the effectiveness of treatment falls outside a predetermined range, and a monitoring system positioned remotely from the treatment apparatus and the treatment effectiveness sensor, the monitoring system being operatively connected to the treatment-effectiveness sensor, the monitoring system being adapted to receive said alarm signal and to indicate an alarm condition in response to said alarm signal.

Abstract: A method for oxidizing organic material in an aqueous stream containing one or more inorganic salts, inorganic salt precursors or mixtures thereof comprises oxidizing the organic material in a reactor at a temperature at least equal to the critical temperature of the aqueous stream so as to form a single homogeneous fluid phase and at a pressure sufficiently high to solubilize the inorganic salts in the single homogeneous phase.

Abstract: A supercritical water oxidation reactor is alternately supplied with a feed stream and a flushing stream. The feed stream contains organic and inorganic materials. The organic materials are oxidized under supercritical conditions in the reactor and the inorganic materials precipitate out of solution under the same conditions. The flushing stream is a solution in which the inorganic material is soluble. More than one supercritical water oxidation reactor may be connected so that the feed stream is alternately supplied to each reactor. During the period when the feed stream is being supplied to a reactor the effluent from the reactor is cooled to a temperature at which inorganic precipitates are soluble and is then supplied as a flushing stream to one or more of the remaining connected supercritical water oxidation reactors.

Abstract: A supercritical water oxidation reactor is described having first and second reaction zones connected in series and through which an aqueous feed stream to be oxidized can be passed in either direction. A self-contained heat exchange fluid system allows supercritical and subcritical temperatures to be maintained in either reaction zone. When supercritical water oxidation is occuring in one reaction zone the effluent is being cooled to a subcritical temperature and used to flush the second reaction zone to remove inorganic scale.

Abstract: A supercritical water oxidation reactor is described having first and second reaction zones connnected in series and through which an aqueous feed stream to be oxidized can be passed in either direction. A self-contained heat exchange fluid system allows supercritical and subcritical temperatures to be maintained in either reaction zone. When supercritical water oxidation is occuring in one reaction zone the effluent is being cooled to a subcritical temperature and used to flush the second reaction zone to remove inorganic scale.

Abstract: A supercritical water oxidation reactor is alternately supplied with a feed stream and a flushing stream. The feed stream contains organic and inorganic materials. The organic materials are oxidized under supercritical conditions in the reactor and the inorganic materials precipitate out of solution under the same conditions. The flushing stream is a solution in which the inorganic material is soluble. More than one supercritical water oxidation reactor may be connected so that the feed stream is alternately supplied to each reactor. During the period when the feed stream is being supplied to a reactor the effluent from the reactor is cooled to a temperature at which inorganic precipitates are soluble and is then supplied as a flushing stream to one or more of the remaining connected supercritical water oxidation reactors.

Abstract: A method for oxidizing organic material in an aqueous stream containing one or more inorganic salts, inorganic salt precursors or mixtures thereof, comprising oxidizing said organic material under supercritical conditions in the presence of an oxidant and a mobile surface of particles to which inorganic salts insoluble under the reaction conditions can adhere.

Abstract: A supercritical water oxidation reactor is alternately supplied with a feed stream and a flushing stream. The feed stream contains organic and inorganic materials. The organic materials are oxidized under supercritical conditions in the reactor and the inorganic materials precipitate out of solution under the same conditions. The flushing stream is a solution in which the inorganic material is soluble. More than one supercritical water oxidation reactor may be connected so that the feed stream is alternately supplied to each reactor. During the period when the feed stream is being supplied to a reactor the effluent from the reactor is cooled to a temperature at which inorganic precipitates are soluble and is then supplied as a flushing stream to one or more of the remaining connected supercritical water oxidation reactors.

Abstract: A process is provided for the bleaching of wood pulp with hydrogen or sodium peroxide. The process includes the steps of adding to a wood pulp a bleach liquor having an effective amount of hydrogen or sodium peroxide bleaching agent and, by weight of the diluted wood pulp, 0.5 to 6% sodium hydroxide, 0 to 5% sodium silicate, 0 to 1%, preferably 0.02 to 0.05%, magnesium sulphate, and a chelating agent in an amount sufficient to sequester heavy metal ions in the pulp, to produce a pulp consistency of 1 to 16% at a temperature in the range of the bleach liquor freezing point to 25.degree. C., uniformly mixing the bleach liquor with the wood pulp, and immediately thickening the diluted wood pulp to a consistency in the range of 20 to 70% for bleaching of the thickened wood pulp.