Abstract: The present disclosure involves the release or recovery of subterranean hydrocarbon deposits and, more specifically, to a system and method for secondary and/or enhanced oil recovery (EOR), by utilizing waterflooding compositions that include enzymes as well as methods for injecting waterflooding compositions into subterranean formations for oil recovery operations.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the release or recovery of subterranean hydrocarbon deposits and, more specifically, to a system and method for enhanced oil recovery (EOR), by utilizing enzyme compositions and water-alternating-gas (WAG) methods for injecting water compositions, followed by miscible, near miscible or immiscible gas into subterranean formations for oil recovery operations.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the release or recovery of subterranean hydrocarbon deposits and, more specifically, to a system for enhanced oil recovery (EOR), by utilizing enzymatic fluid and cyclic injection of steam or heated fluid into subterranean formations.

Abstract: A packing assembly for a column comprises a cage element which carried a packing element. The packing element comprises a first plurality of parallel plates and a second plurality of parallel plates. The first plurality of parallel plates have peripheries which enable them to be accommodated within a sphere. The second plurality of parallel plates interconnect the first plurality of parallel plates and are positioned normally to the first plurality of parallel plates. The second plurality of parallel plates have peripheries which enable them to also be accommodated within the sphere. The packing element is housed in a spherical cage element which possesses a crush strength sufficient to withstand crushing forces to be encountered when the packing assembly is deployed in a column. The packing element self-orients in the column during use to reduce pressure drop and improve performance during the course of operations.

Abstract: A packing assembly for a column comprises a cage element which carried a packing element. The packing element comprises a first plurality of parallel plates and a second plurality of parallel plates. The first plurality of parallel plates have peripheries which enable them to be accommodated within a sphere. The second plurality of parallel plates interconnect the first plurality of parallel plates and are positioned normally to the first plurality of parallel plates. The second plurality of parallel plates have peripheries which enable them to also be accommodated within the sphere. The packing element is housed in a spherical cage element which possesses a crush strength sufficient to withstand crushing forces to be encountered when the packing assembly is deployed in a column. The packing element self-orients in the column during use to reduce pressure drop and improve performance during the course of operations.

Abstract: Column packing elements comprise and preferably consist of two individual components, namely a strong and rigid “outside” cage, and an “inside” variable component preferably formed of a monofilament and/or mono-multi-filament fibers, which can be varied to produce a significant increase in surface area of the known art in random packings.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for recovering oil from an oil spill on the surface of a body of water. The method is operative for recovering an oil having a viscosity in excess of 80 centipoise and it includes the steps of drawing an oil-water mixture from the surface of a body of water, adjusting the viscosity of the oil in the oil-water mixture to a level below approximately 80 centipoise and passing the resultant adjusted oil-water mixture through an oil-water coalescer to separate the oil in the adjusted oil-water mixture from the water therein. The viscosity of the oil in the feed oil-water mixture is preferably adjusted by adding a low viscosity hydrophobic hydrocarbon solvent to the oil-water mixture.

Abstract: A process and the product made thereby are disclosed in the preferred form of this process, chlorinated polyethylene is first fluorinated ambient temperature for an interval of contact with elemental fluorine. Then, contact with a strong base converts the polymer into conjugated double bonds, reducing electrical resistance. The double bonds yield a surface layer able to controllably conduct electrical current.

Abstract: A process and the product made thereby are disclosed in the preferred form of this process, chlorinated polyethylene is first fluorinated ambient temperature for an interval of contact with elemental fluorine. Then, contact with a strong base converts the polymer into conjugated double bonds, reducing electrical resistance. The double bonds yield a surface layer able to controllably conduct electrical current.

Abstract: Aqueous electroconductive compositions comprising (A) a partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide, (B) a difunctional zwitterion, (C) a surfactant, (D) metallic flakes or powders and (E) water can be employed as conductive coating for electromagnetic shielding and radiofrequency shielding.

Abstract: Backfills for magnesium galvanic anodes are prepared by blending calcium sulfite, B(OH).sub.3, and bentonite, wherein the bentonite contains a substantial amount of alkaline earth metal bentonite, such as calcium-bentonite.

Abstract: A magnesium anode backfill composition is prepared by mixing calcium sulfite, bentonite, and at least one compound selected from the group comprising sodium alkylates and sodium dialkyldithiocarbamates, wherein said bentonite contains a substantial amount of alkaline earth metal bentonite, such as calcium-bentonite.

Abstract: A mixture of CaSO.sub.3 and bentonite, where the bentonite contains a substantial amount of alkaline earth metal bentonite, e.g., Ca-bentonite, is useful as a backfill composition for underground magnesium galvanic anodes. The backfill may optionally, and beneficially, contain sodium sulfite.