Abstract: A method is disclosed for controlling a transformer substation within a first grid by a control device of a remotely arranged converter connected to the first grid and a second grid. The method may comprise providing measurement information, to the control device, being characteristic of at least one measured electrical property at a location of the transformer substation, and by the control device, determining an estimation information being characteristic of at least one estimated electrical property at the location of the transformer substation based on a model comprising the first grid and a converter, determining an estimated delay time of the estimation information being characteristic of a delay time dependent on a distance between the location of the transformer substation and the converter, and determining a correction information dependent on the measurement information, the estimation information, and the estimated delay time for controlling the transformer substation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a measuring system for investigating concentrated, larger aerosol particles of an aerosol in the gas phase, having a multi-stage aerosol particle concentrator and also a measuring chamber for analyzing the larger aerosol particles, with at least one measuring device for the qualitative and/or quantitative determination of the aerosol particles, in particular in real time. The aerosol particle concentrator separates a larger part of the aerosol with fine particles and concentrate the larger aerosol particles in the smaller part of the aerosol. The aerosol particle concentrator includes an aerosol suction pump generating a negative pressure in the virtual impactor stages and a circulating-flow channel in which a part of the separated aerosol with fine particles is returned in the circulating flow from the aerosol outlet to the aerosol inlet of the aerosol suction pump.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a measuring system for investigating concentrated, larger aerosol particles of an aerosol in the gas phase, having a multi-stage aerosol particle concentrator and also a measuring chamber for analyzing the larger aerosol particles, with at least one measuring device for the qualitative and/or quantitative determination of the aerosol particles, in particular in real time. The aerosol particle concentrator separates a larger part of the aerosol with fine particles and concentrate the larger aerosol particles in the smaller part of the aerosol. The aerosol particle concentrator includes an aerosol suction pump generating a negative pressure in the virtual impactor stages and a circulating-flow channel in which a part of the separated aerosol with fine particles is returned in the circulating flow from the aerosol outlet to the aerosol inlet of the aerosol suction pump.