Abstract: A method and system for determining a route from a starting point to a destination on a road network are provided, where an estimation function for vertices of the road network is employed, and where a tiling covers an area in which at least a portion of the road network is contained. A resistance value of each tile of the tiling is provided, and the values of the estimation function for vertices of the road network are determined in accordance with the resistance values of the tiles of the tiling. In an example implementation, the resistance value of a given tile is a lower bound on or the minimum of the costs associated with an optimum route connecting any pair of vertices located on the boundary of the given tile divided by an air-line distance of the pair of vertices.

Abstract: A method and system for determining a route from a starting point to a destination on a road network are provided, where an estimation function for vertices of the road network is employed, and where a tiling covers an area in which at least a portion of the road network is contained. A resistance value of each tile of the tiling is provided, and the values of the estimation function for vertices of the road network are determined in accordance with the resistance values of the tiles of the tiling. In an example implementation, the resistance value of a given tile is a lower bound on or the minimum of the costs associated with an optimum route connecting any pair of vertices located on the boundary of the given tile divided by an air-line distance of the pair of vertices.

Abstract: An image generation system for developing three-dimensional electronic models of objects includes a scanner and a computing system. The scanner may be selectively positioned adjacent to an object in different geographic positions. The scanner may provide scanner position information and image data representative of the object to the computing system. The computing system may generate a three-dimensional electronic model of the object from the image data and the scanner position information. The three-dimensional electronic model may be stored and utilized in other applications, such as an electronic navigational map.

Abstract: A texturizing system for texturizing electronic representations of objects includes a texture library, a texture engine and a graphical user interface module. A source texture may be stored in the library with an associated unique identifier. The source texture may be manipulated with the graphical user interface module to form a complex texture. Manipulations to form the complex texture may be captured and stored in the texture library as a transformation procedure with a unique identifier. The unique identifier of either the complex texture or the source texture may be associated with a surface of an electronic representation of an image. When the electronic representation is displayed, the transformation procedure is performed and the surface associated with the transformation procedure may be texturized.

Abstract: A navigation system evaluates vehicle and environmental parameters to determine if a vehicle can pass through a curved path. The system determines a vehicle position and a vehicle velocity. The system processes position and velocity information to determine if the vehicle can pass through the curved path. If a curved path cannot be traversed, the system issues a warning.

Abstract: To display a navigation map for a navigation device more accurately and realistically and with less memory capacity, roads, railroad lines, rivers, lakes, and similar cartographic parameters are composed not of straight lines but of Cornu spirals. A Cornu spiral is defined by its curvature and its length.

Abstract: A method for processing digital map data for route determination is provided that includes dividing a region into a plurality of zones, and for the zones, automatically determining at least one cost value for at least one direction of travel of the zone based on the digital map data of the zone and a predetermined cost criterion. A method for determining a route between two points is provided that includes dividing a region into a plurality of zones, for the zones, automatically determining at least one cost value for at least one direction of travel of the zone based on the digital map data of the zone and a predetermined cost criterion, and automatically determining at least one sequence of zones connecting the two points, where each zone of the sequence may be adjacent to another zone of the sequence, such that the sum of the cost values of the zones of the sequence may be optimized.

Abstract: A system is provided that simulates cartographic features of an electronic map. The system employs one or more geometric shapes, such as a clothoid, to represent cartographic features of the electronic map. The system may more accurately and realistically describe the cartographic features of the map than a straight line system. The system may include a data model and methodology for converting data from a straight line system to a clothoid system. The system may also reduce the amount of memory capacity needed to describe the cartographic features of the electronic map. The electronic map may be displayed on a computer network, such as a wide area network, a local area network, a wireless or wireline network, Intranets or the Internet. This system may also be used with other systems, such as navigation systems.

Abstract: A system is provided that simulates cartographic features of an electronic map. The system employs one or more geometric shapes, such as a clothoid, to represent cartographic features of the electronic map. The system may more accurately and realistically describe the cartographic features of the map than a straight line system. The system may include a data model and methodology for converting data from a straight line system to a clothoid system. The system may also reduce the amount of memory capacity needed to describe the cartographic features of the electronic map. The electronic map may be displayed on a computer network, such as a wide area network, a local area network, a wireless or wireline network, Intranets or the Internet. This system may also be used with other systems, such as navigation systems.

Abstract: To display a navigation map for a navigation device more accurately and realistically and with less memory capacity, roads, railroad lines, rivers, lakes, and similar cartographic parameters are composed not of straight lines but of Cornu spirals. A Cornu spiral is defined by its curvature and its length.