Abstract: The present invention generally relates to a system optimization procedure. The method includes a) providing, via an input channel, a system model for modelling the chemical mixture, which associates a set of design parameters with a plurality of objective parameters that represent design characteristics of the chemical mixture, wherein the set of design parameters comprises a chemical mixture recipe having two or more ingredients, and the plurality of objective parameters comprises two or more physicochemical properties of the chemical mixture; b) defining, via the input channel, a set of primary optimization objective parameters, c) performing, by a processor, a multi-objective optimizing process on the system model by exploring a plurality of design configurations by assigning specified values to the set of design parameters; and d) determining, by the processor, if the multi-objective optimizing process yields a degenerated multi-objective optimal design.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to the field of chemical formulations in a chemical production facility, and more particularly to providing assistance for producing a chemical formulation in a chemical production facility.

Abstract: The present invention includes a method for representing a plurality of pre-calculated solutions in radiation therapy that are stored in a database and displayed in a manner controllable by a user. Arrays of DVH curves provide the user with essential information on the ‘quality of a plan’. A DVH diagram is displayed as a main diagram, wherein only one of the solutions is visually represented at a time. By selecting a first starting point on a selected DVH curve as the main diagram, a first straight axis extending through the first starting point is placed. A first region, located around the first starting point and on the first straight axis, is highlighted as a first control region for controllable visualization of the plurality of currently non-displayed solutions stored in the database, the DVH curves of which correspond to the selected DVH curve and intersect the first straight axis.

Abstract: Described herein is a method for preparing an amino salt compound, the method including: i) providing a carbonyl compound; ii) reacting the carbonyl compound provided according to (i) in the presence of a transaminase with ii-a) at least one primary amine; and ii-b) at least one carboxylic acid; thereby obtaining a mixture including an at least partially crystallized amino salt compound including a cation and a carboxylate anion based on the at least one carboxylic acid added according to (ii-b). Also described herein is an amino salt compound obtained or obtainable by the method and to the amino salt compound, and a composition including a) an amine of general formula (IIa); and b) at least one carboxylic acid of general formula (III).

Abstract: The aim of the invention is to provide a planner with the opportunity to effect local improvement of an IMRT treatment plan which is available to him. To this end, a method for customizing a dose distribution setting for a technical appliance in tumor therapy is proposed.

Abstract: Described herein is a method for preparing an amino salt compound, the method including: i) providing a carbonyl compound; ii) reacting the carbonyl compound provided according to (i) in the presence of a transaminase with ii-a) at least one primary amine; and ii-b) at least one carboxylic acid; thereby obtaining a mixture including an at least partially crystallized amino salt compound including a cation and a carboxylate anion based on the at least one carboxylic acid added according to (ii-b). Also described herein is an amino salt compound obtained or obtainable by the method and to the amino salt compound, and a composition including a) an amine of general formula (IIa); and b) at least one carboxylic acid of general formula (III).

Abstract: The present invention includes a method for representing a plurality of pre-calculated solutions in radiation therapy that are stored in a database and displayed in a manner controllable by a user. Arrays of DVH curves provide the user with essential information on the ‘quality of a plan’. A DVH diagram is displayed as a main diagram, wherein only one of the solutions is visually represented at a time. By selecting a first starting point on a selected DVH curve as the main diagram, a first straight axis extending through the first starting point is placed. A first region, located around the first starting point and on the first straight axis, is highlighted as a first control region for controllable visualization of the plurality of currently non-displayed solutions stored in the database, the DVH curves of which correspond to the selected DVH curve and intersect the first straight axis.

Abstract: The present invention includes a method for representing a plurality of pre-calculated solutions in radiation therapy that are stored in a database and displayed in a manner controllable by a user. Arrays of DVH curves provide the user with essential information on the ‘quality of a plan’. A DVH diagram is displayed as a main diagram, wherein only one of the solutions is visually represented at a time. By selecting a first starting point on a selected DVH curve as the main diagram, a first straight axis extending through the first starting point is placed. A first region, located around the first starting point and on the first straight axis, is highlighted as a first control region for controllable visualization of the plurality of currently non-displayed solutions stored in the database, the DVH curves of which correspond to the selected DVH curve and intersect the first straight axis.

Abstract: The aim of the invention is to provide a planner with the opportunity to effect local improvement of an IMRT treatment plan which is available to him. To this end, a method for customizing a dose distribution setting for a technical appliance in tumor therapy is proposed.

Abstract: The present invention includes a method for representing a plurality of pre-calculated solutions in radiation therapy that are stored in a database and displayed in a manner controllable by a user. Arrays of DVH curves provide the user with essential information on the ‘quality of a plan’. A DVH diagram is displayed as a main diagram, wherein only one of the solutions is visually represented at a time. By selecting a first starting point on a selected DVH curve as the main diagram, a first straight axis extending through the first starting point is placed. A first region, located around the first starting point and on the first straight axis, is highlighted as a first control region for controllable visualization of the plurality of currently non-displayed solutions stored in the database, the DVH curves of which correspond to the selected DVH curve and intersect the first straight axis.

Abstract: The present invention includes a method for representing a plurality of pre-calculated solutions in radiation therapy that are stored in a database and displayed in a manner controllable by a user. Arrays of DVH curves provide the user with essential information on the ‘quality of a plan’. A DVH diagram is displayed as a main diagram, wherein only one of the solutions is visually represented at a time. By selecting a first starting point on a selected DVH curve as the main diagram, a first straight axis extending through the first starting point is placed. A first region, located around the first starting point and on the first straight axis, is highlighted as a first control region for controllable visualization of the plurality of currently non-displayed solutions stored in the database, the DVH curves of which correspond to the selected DVH curve and intersect the first straight axis.

Abstract: The present invention includes a method for representing a plurality of pre-calculated solutions in radiation therapy that are stored in a database and displayed in a manner controllable by a user. Arrays of DVH curves provide the user with essential information on the ‘quality of a plan’. A DVH diagram is displayed as a main diagram, wherein only one of the solutions is visually represented at a time. By selecting a first starting point on a selected DVH curve as the main diagram, a first straight axis extending through the first starting point is placed. A first region, located around the first starting point and on the first straight axis, is highlighted as a first control region for controllable visualization of the plurality of currently non-displayed solutions stored in the database, the DVH curves of which correspond to the selected DVH curve and intersect the first straight axis.

Abstract: The aim of the invention is to provide a planner with the opportunity to effect local improvement of an IMRT treatment plan which is available to him. To this end, a method for customizing a dose distribution setting for a technical appliance in tumor therapy is proposed. A first plan (10) is read from a data memory (100). The first plan (10) for dose distribution in a plan volume (Z) is presented on a presentation device (110), the reason for this being the possibility of setting the technical appliance for tumor therapy to dispense the set dose distribution to a patient. The presentation is made for the purpose of changing the first plan (10) in at least one degree of fineness (10a) specific in terms of volume and for producing or ascertaining a causal follow-up plan for the setting on the technical appliance for tumor therapy.

Abstract: A method of operating a mass exchange column, a heat exchange column, or a static mixer. The method includes providing a packing wherein assembly of the packing includes providing at least one flat, structural element including a plurality of separate adjoining strips of a sheet material. Each strip has first and second spaced-apart longitudinal edges with longitudinal edges of adjoining strips being placed opposite each other. The adjoining strips are in contact with and secure to each other where they contact each other to provide the flat structural element with structural stability. The longitudinal edges of the strips include a plurality of repetitively spaced-apart recesses of a predetermined shape and the recessed in longitudinal edges are opposite to each other to define a multiplicity of repetitively arranged openings distributed over the structural element.

Abstract: The packing for a counterflow high pressure column contains an ordered array of shaped lamella aligned parallel to the column axis. The packing comprises a bundle of strings extending in the direction of the column axis. Each string consists of a stack of packing elements, with adjacent elements belonging to different strings respectively forming a packing section perpendicular to the column axis. Each packing element is constructed in layers formed by the lamella. The layers are oriented in such a manner that gap-like or channel-like intermediate spaces between the lamella are laterally bounded by transversely lying lamella of adjacent packing elements belonging to the same packing section.

Abstract: The method for the zigzag-like folding of a strip-like foil includes the following steps in an advantageous embodiment:1. prepleating, whereby a zigzag-like or wave-shaped folding is effected in which the folded edges are formed in cross-section as arcs with a radius of curvature greater than about 1 mm;2. follow-up forming of each second folded edge in that a coining tool is used to influence the fold angle and to reduce the radius of curvature of the folded edge to a value smaller than 1 mm;3. follow-up forming of the remaining folded edges in the same manner as during the second step. The follow-up forming steps are executed with tumble pressing devices which respectively include a rotatable toothed roll and a coining tool. The coining tool is drivable by means of an eccentric device and is connected via a pendulum axle with a vertically displaceable slider.

Abstract: A flat structural element has a plurality of openings which are distributed according to a predetermined pattern for use in packings. Every opening is delimited by the edges, which extend at an angle to each other or are curved. The structural element is made from two or more adjacent strips of flat material which are connected to each other with butt or overlapping connections.

Abstract: The vortex packing for an apparatus designed as a mass exchange column or a static mixer is build up of face-shaped structural elements. These structural elements define a point lattice whose lattice planes, situated in cross-sections of the apparatus, form base grids of quadrilaterals. Each of the quadrilaterals represents an equatorial periphery of an octahedron and the polar vertices of these octahedra are positioned at the points of neighbouring lattice planes. The octahedra have either all open faces or alternately open and closed faces. According to the invention the packing is built of parallel layers (3) of a sheet-like material having substantially triangular elementary areas (8,9). Part of these elementary triangles (9) have on two sides cut edges (30) and are deflected in a flap-like manner about folding edges (15) out of the sheet area. The structural elements of the packing are formed by association or connection of the elementary triangles (8,9) in pairs.

Abstract: The crown element (3) for the packing (2) of a matter-exchange column (1) in the exchange part (2) of which in particular a gas flowing upwards and a liquid flowing in contraflow are brought into contact, serves for the guidance of these flows of matter. An annular gap (12) lying between the packing and the column wall (10) is largely roofed over by parts (30) of the crown element in the form of tabs. In accordance with the invention the crown element (3) is a separate component which exhibits the following features: regions (31) of the crown element which define a surface for making contact with the packing (2); the roofing-over parts (30) are connected with springy elasticity to the regions (31) touching the packing; and the profile of the cross-section of the crown element exhibits a radial dimension which enables fixing of the crown element in the annular gap (12) because of spring and frictional forces. The column may be equipped with collar elements at favorable cost by the invention.

Abstract: The orderly packing for a column for mass transfer between a trickling film (14) and a gas is made of alternately arranged layers (10, 20) of undulating foil material. Some of the layers (10) steer the trickling film towards one vertical edge (13) of the layers while the other layers (20) steer the trickling film away from that edge. Pairs of invention the layers are coupled by redirector elements (3) which form a liquid-conducting bridging-over to transfer edge-seeking liquid (15) on the one layer (10) at least partially to the associated neighboring layer (20).