Abstract: A method is provided for calibrating impedance-spectroscopic biomass sensors that are embodied to detect information regarding the quantity and/or size of living cells in a biomass by means of an electric field having a periodically changing field direction A calibration suspension encompasses an electrically conductive viscously flowable or viscoelastic carrier substance and electrically conductive solid particles and/or solid semiconductor particles received therein. An electric field is generated having a periodically changing field direction, which acts on the calibration suspension. At least one permittivity value is detected, respectively representing a permittivity of the calibration suspension, in a context of at least two electric fields having different field direction change frequencies. A difference value is ascertained that represents a difference between the detected permittivity values. The difference value is compared with a reference value associated with the calibration suspension.

Abstract: A reference electrode assembly for an electrochemical sensor, in particular for a potentiometric sensor, comprising a reference half-cell space having a reference electrode provided therein, the reference half-space comprising a storage space in which a reference electrolyte is provided at any rate in a storage state of the reference electrode assembly, the reference half-cell space further comprising a lock space that is permeable at any rate with respect to the passage of reference electrolyte into an environment of the reference half-cell space, the storage space, in the storage state of the reference electrode assembly, being separated from the lock space with respect to the passage of reference electrolyte, the reference electrode assembly being designed such that a connection permeable for the passage of reference electrolyte from the storage space to the lock space can be created between the storage space and the lock space in order to transfer the reference electrode assembly from the storage state to

Abstract: A method is provided for calibrating impedance-spectroscopic biomass sensors that are embodied to detect information regarding the quantity and/or size of living cells in a biomass by means of an electric field having a periodically changing field direction A calibration suspension encompasses an electrically conductive viscously flowable or viscoelastic carrier substance and electrically conductive solid particles and/or solid semiconductor particles received therein. An electric field is generated having a periodically changing field direction, which acts on the calibration suspension. At least one permittivity value is detected, respectively representing a permittivity of the calibration suspension, in a context of at least two electric fields having different field direction change frequencies. A difference value is ascertained that represents a difference between the detected permittivity values. The difference value is compared with a reference value associated with the calibration suspension.

Abstract: A device for measuring a periodic signal includes: a first control unit for generating an electrical input signal (V1) of the period T; a light source for generating an optical input signal directed to an object being measured from the electrical input signal (V1); an optical receiver for detecting and converting the signal reflected from the object being measured, the signal corresponding to the optical input signal altered in terms of phase and amplitude, into an electrical measurement signal (V2); and a plurality of measurement channels connected in parallel between the optical receiver and a second control unit, each measurement channel being connected in series to a switching element, a filter element, and an analog-to-digital converter, wherein the second control unit is suitable for evaluating the measurement signals from the plurality of measurement channels, and in which the electrical measurement signal (V2) is applied to each of the plurality of measurement channels, the first control unit is conne

Abstract: The potentiometric sensor element comprises a measuring element and a shield housing permanently bonded to the measuring element, in which housing an electronic sensor unit is accommodated and which is sealed off against external influences. The electronic sensor unit is connected to a contactless interface adapted to exchange energy and signals with a corresponding contactless interface in an electronic base unit. The shield housing comprises an outer sleeve and an inner sleeve, accommodated within the outer sleeve, wherein the electronic sensor unit is accommodated in the inner sleeve and is surrounded there by a first casting compound. The filled inner sleeve is in turn bonded permanently to the outer sleeve by means of a second casting compound, which is different from the first casting compound.

Abstract: A reference electrode assembly for an electrochemical sensor, in particular for a potentiometric sensor, comprising a reference half-cell space having a reference electrode provided therein, the reference half-space comprising a storage space in which a reference electrolyte is provided at any rate in a storage state of the reference electrode assembly, the reference half-cell space further comprising a lock space that is permeable at any rate with respect to the passage of reference electrolyte into an environment of the reference half-cell space, the storage space, in the storage state of the reference electrode assembly, being separated from the lock space with respect to the passage of reference electrolyte, the reference electrode assembly being designed such that a connection permeable for the passage of reference electrolyte from the storage space to the lock space can be created between the storage space and the lock space in order to transfer the reference electrode assembly from the storage state to

Abstract: The potentiometric sensor element comprises a measuring element and a shield housing permanently bonded to the measuring element, in which housing an electronic sensor unit is accommodated and which is sealed off against external influences. The electronic sensor unit is connected to a contactless interface adapted to exchange energy and signals with a corresponding contactless interface in an electronic base unit. The shield housing comprises an outer sleeve and an inner sleeve, accommodated within the outer sleeve, wherein the electronic sensor unit is accommodated in the inner sleeve and is surrounded there by a first casting compound. The filled inner sleeve is in turn bonded permanently to the outer sleeve by means of a second casting compound, which is different from the first casting compound.

Abstract: A device for measuring a periodic signal includes: a first control unit for generating an electrical input signal (V1) of the period T; a light source for generating an optical input signal directed to an object being measured from the electrical input signal (V1); an optical receiver for detecting and converting the signal reflected from the object being measured, the signal corresponding to the optical input signal altered in terms of phase and amplitude, into an electrical measurement signal (V2); and a plurality of measurement channels connected in parallel between the optical receiver and a second control unit, each measurement channel being connected in series to a switching element, a filter element, and an analog-to-digital converter, wherein the second control unit is suitable for evaluating the measurement signals from the plurality of measurement channels, and in which the electrical measurement signal (V2) is applied to each of the plurality of measurement channels, the first control unit is conne

Abstract: A radically crosslinkable liquid composition is for producing a polyacrylamide-based hydrogel layer. The composition includes at least one comonomer with reactive linker groups and at least one optional softener in addition to the monomer precursor of the polyacrylamide, the crosslinking agent, and the radical initiator(s).

Abstract: The invention presents methods and systems for plating conductive patterns which at least result in a high uniformity and avoid parasitical plating effects. A plating system is disclosed for plating conductive patterns formed at a first surface of a substrate. The system is such that exposure surfaces not to be plated is inhibited. A first electrode of the system is immersed in the plating solution while the second electrode is in contact with another than the first surface of the substrate. The conductive patterns to be plated are temporarily electrically connected with the second electrode.

Abstract: The invention concerns a device comprising a first substrate and a second substrate intended to form a micro-system such as a sensor, at least one of the substrates being able to include electronic circuit components. The invention is characterised in that a layer of polymer is interposed between the first and the second substrate, in that the polymer layer includes at least one cavity which extends from the first to the second substrate and in that solder attaching means are provided in the cavity, said solder means assuring a traction resistant mechanical connection between the two substrates.