Abstract: The invention relates to a machine-implementable method, preferably a computer-implemented method, and system for the selection of a set of dependent and independent variables to form quantity equations for engineering problems. The method includes the encoding and decoding of dimensionless groups in an integer lattice. A preferred embodiment of the invention considers an integer lattice given by the cartesian product 2×7. The result of the method provides a system of quantity equations in the dependent and independent variables.

Abstract: A process for supervising an air conditioning system of a railway vehicle. The process comprising the following steps: a) after starting the air conditioning system, measuring physical properties relative to the refrigerant; b) from the physical properties measured during step a), calculating thermodynamic properties; c) from the thermodynamic properties calculated during step b), calculating the density, optionally averaged, of the refrigerant inside each component of the air conditioning system; d) using manufacturer data, which includes the dimensions of each component of the air conditioning system, calculating the passage volume of the refrigerant inside each component of the air conditioning system; e) using the values calculated in steps c) and d) to calculate the total mass of refrigerant contained inside the air conditioning system; and f) comparing the total mass of refrigerant calculated in step e) with the total mass of refrigerant originally contained inside the air conditioning system.

Abstract: An air handling system (1) for a land transport vehicle, in particular a railway vehicle (M) is disclosed. The system includes: one or more air handling units (2) distributed within the vehicle (M); a cooling machine (4) that supplies frigories to the air handling units; and a frigories storage unit (8) that is capable of being loaded by the cooling machine and of supplying frigories to the air handling units when the vehicle is travelling in an enclosed or partially enclosed space. When the vehicle (M) is travelling in the open air, the cooling machine (4) supplies frigories to the air handling units (2) and loads the frigories storage unit (8) if a surplus of frigories is produced, by discharging into the exterior of the vehicle (M) the heat extracted from an interior volume of the vehicle.

Abstract: A process for supervising an air conditioning system of a railway vehicle. The process comprising the following steps: a) after starting the air conditioning system, measuring physical properties relative to the refrigerant; b) from the physical properties measured during step a), calculating thermodynamic properties; c) from the thermodynamic properties calculated during step b), calculating the density, optionally averaged, of the refrigerant inside each component of the air conditioning system; d) using manufacturer data, which includes the dimensions of each component of the air conditioning system, calculating the passage volume of the refrigerant inside each component of the air conditioning system; e) using the values calculated in steps c) and d) to calculate the total mass of refrigerant contained inside the air conditioning system; and f) comparing the total mass of refrigerant calculated in step e) with the total mass of refrigerant originally contained inside the air conditioning system.

Abstract: An air conditioning device is provided which has a primary heat pump circuit having at least one primary heat exchanger with the air from the compartment, a primary compressor, a second primary heat exchanger with the outside air, and a primary expander device, and a heat storage reservoir, connected to the primary circuit, in parallel with said first primary heat exchanger with the air from the compartment. The air conditioning device also has a secondary heat pump circuit, including a first secondary heat exchanger with the air from the compartment, a secondary compressor, a second secondary heat exchanger with the air from the outside, and a secondary expander device. The heat storage reservoir is connected to the secondary circuit, in parallel with the first secondary heat exchanger with the air from the compartment.

Abstract: An air handling system (1) for a land transport vehicle, in particular a railway vehicle (M) is disclosed. The system includes: one or more air handling units (2) distributed within the vehicle (M); a cooling machine (4) that supplies frigories to the air handling units; and a frigories storage unit (8) that is capable of being loaded by the cooling machine and of supplying frigories to the air handling units when the vehicle is travelling in an enclosed or partially enclosed space. When the vehicle (M) is travelling in the open air, the cooling machine (4) supplies frigories to the air handling units (2) and loads the frigories storage unit (8) if a surplus of frigories is produced, by discharging into the exterior of the vehicle (M) the heat extracted from an interior volume of the vehicle.

Abstract: The air conditioning device (10) according to the invention comprises a primary heat pump circuit (12), comprising at least one primary heat exchanger (14) with the air from the compartment, a primary compressor (16), a second primary heat exchanger (18) with the outside air, and a primary expander device (20), and a heat storage reservoir (46), connected to the primary circuit (12), in parallel with said first primary heat exchanger (14) with the air from the compartment. The air conditioning device (10) comprises a secondary heat pump circuit (12?), comprising a first secondary heat exchanger (14?) with the air from the compartment, a secondary compressor (16?), a second secondary heat exchanger (18?) with the air from the outside, and a secondary expander device (20?). The heat storage reservoir (46) is connected to the secondary circuit (12?), in parallel with said first secondary heat exchanger (14?) with the air from the compartment.

Abstract: A method for shaping at least one cardboard cut-out between an inlet position and an outlet position of a shaping station. The method includes a step of using shaping tools on the cardboard cut-out, the tools reciprocatingly moving on either side of the cut-out between a shaping position and a retracted position. The method involves moving the cardboard cut-out by the tools between the inlet position and the outlet position of the shaping station while the cardboard cut-out is being shaped by the tools.

Abstract: An apparatus and method is presented for controlling the quality of a mass density measurement of a multiphase fluid mixture including a plurality of fluid fractions and a plurality of constituting elements. The method includes the steps of: submitting a measuring pipe to a flux of high energy photons and measuring count rates; determining a mass density of the multiphase fluid mixture based on count rate measurements in a first and second energy windows; determining an electronic density of the multiphase fluid mixture based on count rate measurements in a third energy window; and comparing the electronic density to the mass density of the multiphase fluid mixture.

Abstract: A method for controlling the quality of a mass density measurement of a multiphase fluid mixture FM comprising a plurality of fluid fractions and a plurality of constituting elements, the method comprises the steps of: submitting a measuring pipe 3 to a flux of high energy photons and measuring count rates, the measuring pipe being arranged to let the photons pass through the multiphase fluid mixture.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for the colorimetric measurement of a defined region on an image representing a surface, characterized in that the said image of the said surface is taken using a color camera, in that the analogue information measured on the said surface is transformed and converted into digital form, in that the said defined region on the said image is delimited and in that the measurement of the chromatic values R, G, B is carried out for this region.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of characterizing an oil borehole effluent, formed by a multiphase fluid mixture typically containing water, oil, and gas. According to the invention, a gadolinium 153 source is used to emit gamma rays at a first energy level of about 100 keV and at a second energy level of about 40 keV, and the attenuation of the gamma rays at these two energy levels is measured after the rays have passed through the effluent.

Abstract: A device for microbiologically controlling a dust-laden pressurized gas, including dust collecting device in an inner cavity provided with a gas inlet and a gas outlet and having an internal pressure that is equal to the pressure of said dust-laden gas at least during the operation of said device.

Abstract: A grinder constituted by a ring (10) having a horizontal axis, a mechanism for driving the ring in rotation about its axis, at least one roller (16) the axis of which is parallel to that of the ring and which is placed inside the latter so as to be able to travel over its internal surface and elastic member (30) for pressing the roller against the ring, the roller being supported at its ends by two arms (22) mounted on the frame of the grinder so as to be able to pivot about an axis parallel to the axis of the ring.

Abstract: A grinding apparatus for forward feeding material in a drum in which the grinding apparatus has a circular grinding track therein. The drum is driven in rotation at a speed such that material therein is held on the circular grinding track by centrifugal force. A knife is positioned in an upper descending portion of the drum for detaching material from the circular grinding track. A deflecting plate is disposed beneath the knife so as to receive materials detached by the knife and to divert the detached materials toward the output of the drum. The knife is disposed such that the knife has an active face forming an angle of between +15° and −50° with a radial plane extending between a horizontal axis of the drum and an edge of the active face.

Abstract: A grinder having an annular track with a horizontal axis (14), a roller (16) capable of travelling over the track, a mechanism for pressing the roller against the track and means (18) for displacing the material from one edge of the track to the other in such a way that it passes several times beneath the roller before being evacuated. To enhance the efficiency of the grinder and the distribution of mechanical stresses in the roller and the track, the track (14) and the roller (16) are designed in such a way that the gap between them decreases from the edge of the track (14) located on the side for supplying the material to be ground to a distance from this edge at least equal to 80% of the width of the track, and in that this interval then swiftly increases to form a decompression area (19) on the ground material evacuation side.

Abstract: The invention concerns a well logging device with a pad, characterized in that the pad has a nuclear sensor with a gamma ray source and two detectors separated by a space in the longitudinal direction, and a second sensor of different type located in said space, preferably a micro-resistivity sensor with electrodes.

Abstract: A pressure sensor for connection to a transmission optical fiber which allows the transmission of a light beam. The pressure sensor comprises a material which is essentially elastic to deformation and optically transparent to the wavelengths of light used. The material includes at least two inclusions, each comprising an optical fiber segment. The distance between the inclusions varies when a deformation is exerted on the pressure sensor. This, in turn, modifies the focal length of the optical system defined thereby, and leads to a variation of the light energy collected by a transmissive optical fiber. The pressure sensor is suitable for detectors or measuring devices for medical use, and in this regard, a method for measuring blood or respiratory pressure is also provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of measuring the absorption of a photon flux in the fluid flowing in an oil well, for the purpose of determining the composition of the fluid. The invention also relates to a logging sonde for implementing such method.The photon flux produced by a source such as an X-ray generator irradiates the entire volume of fluid surrounding the sonde, and the energy of the photons is lower than a predetermined value, preferably 100 kev, so that the walls of the well are capable of substantially absorbing the photons impinging thereon. The photon flux includes an energy level at which photoelectric absorption is significant and another energy level at which Thomson scattering is predominant. Measurements of the photoelectric absorption coefficient and density are used to determine water, oil, and salinity.

Abstract: The invention concerns an improvement in the casting ring which is provided on the periphery of the wheel in continuous casting machines. This ring is characterized in that its entire internal surface is in contact with the cast metal in the region of solidification, it is mounted completely freely on its support means, and it has a thickness in the vicinity of 1 mm. These characteristics enable it to be deformed when hot into a shape which is similar to its cold profile. This gives rise to the possibility of controlling the solidification of ingots and the aptitude for withdrawing the ingots without surface defects at a temperature higher than that obtained by the customary machines.