Abstract: According to certain embodiments, a method and apparatus may include performing, by a first network entity, at least one benchmarking procedure of at least one network hop delay per at least one transmit resource towards at least one peer network node identified by at least one internet protocol destination address. The method and apparatus may further include deriving, by the first network entity, a second table, by, for each peer node associated with an internet protocol destination address, determining at least one existing configured mapping of at least one network instance into a transport resource Ti per internet protocol destination address. The method and apparatus may further include updating, by the first network entity, the first table and the second table for each internet protocol destination address and transmitting the updated second table to the second network entity.

Abstract: A system, apparatus, method, and non-transitory computer readable medium for reducing and/or optimizing signaling messages between a radio access network (RAN) node and a core network based on an operation mode of the RAN node may include a core network server including: a memory storing computer readable instructions; and at least one processor configured to execute the computer readable instructions to establish a control plane connection with at least one radio access network (RAN) node, the at least one RAN node supporting at least a first connection mode and a second connection mode, determine a connection mode of the at least one RAN node, and restrict transmission of at least one signaling message to the at least one RAN node based on results of the determining the connection mode of the at least one RAN node.

Abstract: Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for multicast-broadcast service (MBS) deactivation and/or activation are provided. One method may include receiving, at a multicast-broadcast session management entity, a multicast-broadcast service (MBS) session setup message, from at least one management entity, comprising at least one of an identifier of at least one network node requesting setup of the multicast-broadcast service (MBS) session and an identifier of the at least one management entity. The method may also include storing, at the multicast-broadcast management entity, at least one of the identifier of the at least one network node, the identifier of the at least one management entity, or an identifier of a region of the at least one management entity.

Abstract: In accordance with an example embodiment of the present invention a source node decides to attempt to handover a user equipment to a target cell based at least in part on a comparison of a closed access group information of the user equipment and a stored closed access group information of a target cell associated with the target node. The source sends to the target node a handover message comprising an identifier of the target cell, receives from the target node a handover failure message comprising second closed access group information of the target cell which the source node uses to update the stored closed access group information of the target cell.

Abstract: Transport information of a second communication system is allocated to at least one radio access bearer between a terminal device and a first packet core serving device of a first communication system. Information about the at least one allocated tunnel endpoint is signalled to a network access device of the first communication system, and data received from the first packet core serving device of the first communication system at one of the at least one allocated tunnel endpoints and data received from a second packet core serving device of the second communication system is forwarded to the terminal device during an inter-system handover.

Abstract: A system, apparatus, method, and non-transitory computer readable medium for reducing and/or optimizing signaling messages between a radio access network (RAN) node and a core network based on an operation mode of the RAN node may include a core network server including: a memory storing computer readable instructions; and at least one processor configured to execute the computer readable instructions to establish a control plane connection with at least one radio access network (RAN) node, the at least one RAN node supporting at least a first connection mode and a second connection mode, determine a connection mode of the at least one RAN node, and restrict transmission of at least one signaling message to the at least one RAN node based on results of the determining the connection mode of the at least one RAN node.

Abstract: Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for inter-gNB small data transmission (SDT) routing at a radio access network (RAN). A method may include transmitting an initial request message from a first element in a first network node, to a second element in the first network node to obtain context information. The method may also include receiving, at the first element, a context setup request message based on the context information containing a transport layer information of a third element of a second network node and context information of a user equipment in the second network node. The method may further include processing a data packet according to the received context information. In addition, the method may include forwarding the data packet to the third element of the second network node according to the received transport layer information.

Abstract: Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for data transmission with stateless routing are provided. Certain embodiments may include a radio resource control (RRC)-less or RRC-based mechanism for short data transmission (SDT) in an RRC inactive state, where the mechanism may be performed without storing or establishing a UE context in a distributed unit (DU), for a UE served by a single CU-user plane (UP). Certain embodiments may include a RRC-less mechanism for SDT in an RRC inactive state, where the authentication of the user equipment (UE) may be performed at the UP using UP integrity protection (IP) in a CU-UP. Certain embodiments may include a RRC-based mechanism for SDT in an RRC inactive state, where the authentication of the UE may be performed at the UP using UP IP in a CU-UP and/or at the CP using CP IP in a CU-CP.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and a computer-readable storage medium are provided for NG based context release and data forwarding for multi-hop mobility. In an example implementation, the method may include a core network entity receiving a first message from a first network node, the first message including at least one of a user equipment context release request and a data forwarding request and detecting the at least one of the user equipment context release request and the data forwarding request from the first message. The method may further include sending a second message including at least one of a user equipment context release command and data forwarding information to a second network node based at least on the detected at least one of the user equipment context release request and the data forwarding request.

Abstract: An apparatus including at least one processor and at least one memory including computer instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to: receive, by a node within a wireless network, a cell identifier (e.g., GCI and/or NCI) for a cell and an area identifier associated with an area for the cell, wherein a format of the cell identifier, including a length of a base station identifier included within the cell identifier, is associated with the area identifier, determine a length of the base station identifier based on the area identifier, and determine the base station identifier based on the length of the base station identifier.

Abstract: A first radio access network (RAN) accesses information indicating an availability status of an interface between an access and mobility management function (AMF) in a first wireless communication system and a mobility management entity (MME) in a second wireless communication system. The first RAN receives a trigger for a handover of a user equipment between the first RAN and a second RAN. The handover is selectively performed via the interface or a redirect via a network element shared by the first and second wireless communication systems based on the availability status. In some cases, the first RAN receive the information indicating the availability status prior to providing the request for the handover and stores the information in a database associated with the first RAN, which access the information from the database.

Abstract: A control plane function of a core network of a communication network system derives a parameter relating to transport resources for a user plane from an identification relating to logical network resources of a session, and provides the parameter to a user plane function of the core network and to a control plane control unit of an access network. The control plane control unit provides information derived from the parameter to a user plane control unit of the access network, and wherein the transport resources relate to a logical transport network to use to carry the user plane of the session. Based on the received information, the user plane control unit derives the transport resources to be used for the session over the user plane, and exchanges user plane traffic for the session over the derived transport resources.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention include a User Plane Core Network entity such as UPGW, capable of interfacing with at least one RAN node via a User Plane interface such as NG3 interface, said User Plane Core Network entity configured to: —support data transfer for a UE session in a mode referred to as connectionless mode not requiring setup of a connection with a RAN node for said data transfer, —support paging request over User Plane, for DL data transfer for said UE session in connectionless mode.

Abstract: A first radio access network (RAN) accesses information indicating an availability status of an interface between an access and mobility management function (AMF) in a first wireless communication system and a mobility management entity (MME) in a second wireless communication system. The first RAN receives a trigger for a handover of a user equipment between the first RAN and a second RAN. The handover is selectively performed via the interface or a redirect via a network element shared by the first and second wireless communication systems based on the availability status. In some cases, the first RAN receive the information indicating the availability status prior to providing the request for the handover and stores the information in a database associated with the first RAN, which access the information from the database.

Abstract: A combination of scyllo-inositol and myo-inositol, wherein, the scyllo-inositol and myo-inositol are nutritional ingredients for use in the prevention or treatment of a condition selected from the group consisting of prediabetes, type II diabetes, gestational diabetes mellitus and a condition associated with any of the forgoing in a subject, and a composition comprising scyllo-inositol and myo-inositol.

Abstract: A system, apparatus, method, and non-transitory computer readable medium for reducing and/or optimizing signaling messages between a radio access network (RAN) node and a core network based on an operation mode of the RAN node may include a core network server including: a memory storing computer readable instructions; and at least one processor configured to execute the computer readable instructions to establish a control plane connection with at least one radio access network (RAN) node, the at least one RAN node supporting at least a first connection mode and a second connection mode, determine a connection mode of the at least one RAN node, and restrict transmission of at least one signaling message to the at least one RAN node based on results of the determining the connection mode of the at least one RAN node.

Abstract: A reconfiguration message is received at user equipment in a communication system from a disaggregated base station with which the user equipment has a current security context established. The reconfiguration message comprises an instruction to compute a new security context based on a security domain counter value, wherein the security domain counter value represents a given security domain from a plurality of security domains supported by the disaggregated base station. The new security context is computed at the user equipment for the given security domain based on the security domain counter value. A set of security keys are derived from the new security context at the user equipment.

Abstract: A method comprising configuring a user equipment in a low activity state to operate within a radio access network wherein a radio access network notification area for the user equipment is defined based on a list of logically associated radio access network paging areas, wherein each of the logically associated radio access network paging areas is a subset of a core network tracking area identified by a paging area code value which is unique within the core network associated tracking area.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses are provided to facilitate switching of an uplink serving gateway termination point of a bearer that is offloaded from a master eNodeB (MeNB) to a secondary eNodeB (SeNB) in a dual connectivity operation. A signal is transmitted to the SeNB, via the MeNB, that includes addressing information of a new uplink serving gateway (S-GW) user plane termination point for the offloaded bearer. The addressing information is transmitted via the MeNB to the SeNB in a modification request message, such as an evolved radio access bearer (E-RAB) modification request message, and may include Internet Protocol (IP) addressing information and a Tunnel Endpoint Identifier (TEID).

Abstract: There is provided a method at a first network node, comprising: receiving, from a second network node, a message comprising a requested quality of service (QoS) profile and one or more alternative QoS profiles, wherein the QoS profiles are associated with a communication with a user equipment; determining that the requested QoS profile cannot be provided by the first network node for a communication between the first network node and the user equipment; determining that at least one of the one or more alternative QoS profiles can be provided by the first network node for a communication between the first network node and the user equipment; transmitting, to the second network node, an indication that an alternative QoS profile can be provided by the first network node; and, transmitting, to the second network node, an indication for configuring the user equipment based on the requested QoS profile.