Abstract: A document validator includes a sensor, a transportation unit, an actuator, and a controller. The transportation unit is adjacent the sensor and has a document path, at least a portion of which has an adjustable path height. The transportation unit is configured to transport a document from a first location past the sensor to a second location. The actuator is operable to transition the adjustable path height between a first path height and a second path height different from the first path height. The controller is configured to automatically cause the actuator to transition the adjustable path height between the first path height and the second path height. Related apparatus, systems, techniques, and articles are also described.

Abstract: A document validator includes a sensor, a transportation unit, an actuator, and a controller. The transportation unit is adjacent the sensor and has a document path, at least a portion of which has an adjustable path height. The transportation unit is configured to transport a document from a first location past the sensor to a second location. The actuator is operable to transition the adjustable path height between a first path height and a second path height different from the first path height. The controller is configured to automatically cause the actuator to transition the adjustable path height between the first path height and the second path height. Related apparatus, systems, techniques, and articles are also described.

Abstract: A method of deriving a classifier for classifying items using a plurality of variables for characteristics of the items, the method comprising determining a representative subset of the variables for use in said classifier.

Abstract: A beverage making system that includes a plurality of packs containing different beverage making ingredients and having different infrared reflectance spectra in a region thereof. A beverage making apparatus includes a station for receiving at least one of the packs; a source of liquid adapted to supply liquid into the at least one pack while the pack is located at the station; a system controller for controlling the supply of liquid from the source according to a beverage making program; and an infrared pack recognition system comprising an infrared light source for illuminating the region of the pack while it is located at the station. The apparatus also includes a detector for measuring an intensity of infrared light reflected from the region and for supplying an output signal to the system controller, whereby the beverage-making program is selected by the system controller in response to the output of the infrared pack recognition system.

Abstract: A beverage making system that includes a plurality of packs containing different beverage making ingredients and having different infrared reflectance spectra in a region thereof. A beverage making apparatus includes a station for receiving at least one of the packs; a source of liquid adapted to supply liquid into the at least one pack while the pack is located at the station; a system controller for controlling the supply of liquid from the source according to a beverage making program; and an infrared pack recognition system comprising an infrared light source for illuminating the region of the pack while it is located at the station. The apparatus also includes a detector for measuring an intensity of infrared light reflected from the region and for supplying an output signal to the system controller, whereby the beverage-making program is selected by the system controller in response to the output of the infrared pack recognition system.

Abstract: Test apparatus for value sheets (e.g. currency notes) comprises optical sensors (16; 116), a path along which the sheet is transported past the sensors, and reference devices (46, 146) carrying reference surfaces (48; 148) having predetermined optical characteristics, for example, for calibration of the optical sensor. Each reference device is rotatable to facilitate rapid movement of the sheet past the optical sensors. The transportation path may be defined by entry and exit guides. Alternatively it may be defined by upper and lower guides (20, 22) of spaced apart wires (24, 32) which do not substantially obscure the surfaces of sheet or the reference surfaces, from the optical sensors. Guide rollers (54, 58, 154, 158) project through spaces between the wires to advance the sheet. An automatic cleaning device is operable to clean the reference surfaces.