Abstract: A laser Doppler velocimeter uses self-mixing amplification of backreflections from scatterers below the surface of a flow. A time domain signal is divided into segments that are roughly equal to a transit time of particles through a focus of a laser beam. The segments are connected to a frequency domain through the use of an FFT algorithm to produce frequency domain data segments. Signal-to-noise ratio is enhanced through signal processing techniques using the segments to produce a final enhanced signal spectrum.

Abstract: Condensation mitigation devices and condensation prediction/detection techniques configured to prevent window condensation with reduced power consumption are disclosed. A condensation mitigation device is configured to predict and/or detect a window condensation event. The condensation mitigation device is powered on only during such an event, and the condensation mitigation device is powered off afterwards to conserve power.

Abstract: Condensation mitigation devices and condensation prediction/detection techniques configured to prevent window condensation with reduced power consumption are disclosed. A condensation mitigation device is configured to predict and/or detect a window condensation event. The condensation mitigation device is powered on only during such an event, and the condensation mitigation device is powered off afterwards to conserve power.

Abstract: A laser Doppler velocimeter uses self-mixing amplification of backreflections from scatterers below the surface of a flow. A time domain signal is divided into segments that are roughly equal to a transit time of particles through a focus of a laser beam. The segments are connected to a frequency domain through the use of an FFT algorithm to produce frequency domain data segments. Signal-to-noise ratio is enhanced through signal processing techniques using the segments to produce a final enhanced signal spectrum.

Abstract: A laser Doppler velocimeter uses self-mixing amplification of backreflections from scatterers below the surface of a flow. A time domain signal is divided into segments that are roughly equal to a transit time of particles through a focus of a laser beam. The segments are connected to a frequency domain through the use of an FFT algorithm to produce frequency domain data segments. Signal-to-noise ratio is enhanced through signal processing techniques using the segments to produce a final enhanced signal spectrum.

Abstract: A laser Doppler velocimeter uses self-mixing amplification of backreflections from scatterers below the surface of a flow. A time domain signal is divided into segments that are roughly equal to a transit time of particles through a focus of a laser beam. The segments are connected to a frequency domain through the use of an FFT algorithm to produce frequency domain data segments. Signal-to-noise ratio is enhanced through signal processing techniques using the segments to produce a final enhanced signal spectrum.

Abstract: A laser Doppler velocimeter uses self-mixing amplification of backreflections from scatterers below the surface of a flow. A time domain signal is divided into segments that are roughly equal to a transit time of particles through a focus of a laser beam. The segments are connected to a frequency domain through the use of an FFT algorithm to produce frequency domain data segments. Signal-to-noise ratio is enhanced through signal processing techniques using the segments to produce a final enhanced signal spectrum.

Abstract: “A measuring instrument includes a transducer for measuring the depth of liquid and a transducer for measuring a physical parameter that causes interference error. A calibration polynomial is used to correct the output signal. The calibration polynomial includes the signal generated by the transducers as independent variables and the output signal as the dependent variable. The calibration polynomial is formed by a correction polynomial having at least one primary measurement signal and at least a first interference related signal as independent variables and a calibrated signal as a dependent variable. To form the calibration polynomial, a preliminary calibration polynomial including the primary independent variable and at least one interference related independent variable is developed. A plurality of data sets is generated from a test fixture. This data is used to eliminate the least significant terms of the preparatory calibration polynomial and to add the most significant cross terms”.

Abstract: A measuring instrument includes a transducer for measuring the depth of liquid and a transducer for measuring a physical parameter that causes interference error. A calibration polynomial is used to correct the output signal. The calibration polynomial includes the signal generated by the transducers as independent variables and the output signal as the dependent variable. The calibration polynomial is formed by a correction polynomial having at least one primary measurement signal and at least a first interference related signal as independent variables and a calibrated signal as a dependent variable. To form the calibration polynomial, a preliminary calibration polynomial including the primary independent variable and at least one interference related independent variable is developed. A plurality of data sets is generated from a test fixture. This data is used to eliminate the least significant terms of the preparatory calibration polynomial and to add the most significant cross terms.

Abstract: To supply supercritical fluid to an automatic supercritical fluid extractor and collect extract from the extractor, sample holding cartridges are lifted one by one in series by an elevator plug into a pressure chamber. An inlet at the top of the cartridge engages a pressure vessel inlet for the extractant so that extractant flows into the cartridge and into the space between the cartridge and inner walls of the pressure chamber. The outlets from the cartridge and pressure vessel communicate with the collector and exhaust through passageways in the plug. The plug has cleaning ports for cleaning seals and the outlet from the cartridge flows past the seals. The collector lifts vials into place and can precool the collection solvent, and later as part of the collection procedure, heat and pressurize the collector.